Download or read book The Draize Eye irritancy Test written by Janice C. Swanson and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Draize Eye irritancy Test written by Janice C. Swanson and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 405 Acute Eye Irritation Corrosion written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2023-07-04 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to test substance (liquids, solids and aerosols) by application on the eye. This Test Guideline is intended preferably for use with albino rabbit. The test substance is ...
Download or read book Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.
Download or read book Animals in Product Development and Safety Testing written by Lauren B. Nethery and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Animal Testing written by Stephanie Watson and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2009-01-15 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of the biological similarities between many animals and humans, scientists can learn about diseases, and find out how humans might react to medicines, cosmetics, chemicals, and other products by testing them on animals first. According to the Humane Society of the United States, more than twenty-five million animals are used in research, testing, and education each year. Readers learn about the various philosophies on animal testing, what tests are used, and how they are performed. The book presents the pros and cons of animal testing and some of the alternative methods to animal testing that scientists are developing today.
Download or read book Alternatives to Animal Testing written by Hajime Kojima and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-27 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the more ethical use of animals in experiments – replacement, reduction, and refinement, collectively known as the 3Rs. Important examples from across the world of implementation of the 3Rs in the testing of cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides, and biologics, including vaccines, are described, with additional information on relevant regulations. The coverage also encompasses emerging approaches to alternative tests and the 3Rs. The book is based on the most informative contributions delivered at the Asian Congress 2016 on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences. It will be of value for those working in R&D, for graduate students, and for educators in various fields, including the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, and animal welfare. The free, open access distribution of Alternatives to Animal Testing is enabled by the Creative Commons Attribution license in International version 4: CC BY 4.0.
Download or read book Alternative Toxicological Methods written by Harry Salem and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-03-26 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together the recent and relevant contributions of over 125 scientists from industry, government, and academia in North America and Western Europe, Alternative Toxicological Methods explores the development and validation of replacement, reduction, and refinement alternatives (the 3Rs) to animal testing. Internationally recognized scientist
Download or read book Fundamentals of Toxicologic Pathology written by Wanda M. Haschek and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-23 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicologic pathology integrates toxicology and the disciplines within it (such as biochemistry, pharmacodynamics and risk assessment) to pathology and its related disciplines (such as physiology, microbiology, immunology, and molecular biology). Fundamentals of Toxicologic Pathology Second Edition updates the information presented in the first edition, including five entirely new chapters addressing basic concepts in toxicologic pathology, along with color photomicrographs that show examples of specific toxicant-induced diseases in animals. The current edition also includes comparative information that will prove a valuable resource to practitioners, including diagnostic pathologists and toxicologists. 25% brand new information, fully revised throughout New chapters: Veterinary Diagnostic Toxicologic Pathology; Clinical Pathology; Nomenclature: Terminology for Morphologic Alterations; Techniques in Toxicologic Pathology New color photomicrographs detailing specific toxicant-induced diseases in animals Mechanistic information integrated from both toxicology and pathology discussing basic mechanisms of toxic injury and morphologic expression at the subcellular, cellular, and tissue levels
Download or read book Haschek and Rousseaux s Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology written by Wanda M. Haschek and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 3054 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Haschek and Rousseaux's Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology is a key reference on the integration of structure and functional changes in tissues associated with the response to pharmaceuticals, chemicals and biologics. The 3e has been expanded by a full volume, and covers aspects of safety assessment not discussed in the 2e. Completely revised with many new chapters, it remains the most authoritative reference on toxicologic pathology for scientists and researchers studying and making decisions on drugs, biologics, medical devices and other chemicals, including agrochemicals and environmental contaminants. New topics include safety assessment, the drug life cycle, risk assessment, communication and management, carcinogenicity assessment, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics, biomarkers in toxicologic pathology, quality assurance, peer review, agrochemicals, nanotechnology, food and toxicologic pathology, the environment and toxicologic pathology and more. Provides new chapters and in-depth discussion of timely topics in the area of toxicologic pathology and broadens the scope of the audience to include toxicologists and pathologists working in a variety of settings Offers high-quality and trusted content in a multi-contributed work written by leading international authorities in all areas of toxicologic pathology Features hundreds of full color images in both the print and electronic versions of the book to highlight difficult concepts with clear illustrations
Download or read book The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-20 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology uses a chronological approach to demonstrate how the use of alternative methods has evolved from their conception as adjuncts to traditional animal toxicity tests to replacements for them. This volume in the History of Toxicology and Environmental Health series explores the history of alternative test development, validation, and use, with an emphasis on humanity and good science, in line with the Three Rs (Replacement,Reduction, Refinement) concept expounded by William Russell and Rex Burch in 1959 in their now classic volume, The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. The book describes the historical development of technologies that have influenced the application of alternatives in toxicology and safety testing. These range from single cell monocultures to sophisticated, miniaturised and microfluidic organism-on-a-chip devices, and also include molecular modelling, chemoinformatics and QSAR analysis, and the use of stem cells, tissue engineering and hollow fibre bioreactors. This has been facilitated by the wider availability of human tissues, advances in tissue culture, analytical and diagnostic methods, increases in computational processing, capabilities, and a greater understanding of cell biology and molecular mechanisms of toxicity. These technological developments have enhanced the range and information content of the toxicity endpoints detected, and therefore the relevance of test systems and data interpretation, while new techniques for non-invasive diagnostic imaging and high resolution detection methods have permitted an increased role for human studies. Several key examples of how these technologies are being harnessed to meet 21st century safety assessment challenges are provided, including their deployment in integrated testing schemes in conjunction with kinetic modelling, and in specialized areas, such as inhalation toxicity studies. The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology uses a chronological approach to demonstrate how the use of alternative methods has evolved from their conception as adjuncts to traditional animal toxicity tests to replacements for them. This volume in the History of Toxicology and Environmental Health series explores the history of alternative test development, validation, and use, with an emphasis on humanity and good science, in line with the Three Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) concept expounded by William Russell and Rex Burch in 1959 in their now-classic volume, The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. The book describes the historical development of technologies that have influenced the application of alternatives in toxicology and safety testing. These range from single cell monocultures to sophisticated miniaturised and microfluidic organism-on-a-chip devices, and also include molecular modelling, chemoinformatics and QSAR analysis, and the use of stem cells, tissue engineering and hollow fibre bioreactors. This has been facilitated by the wider availability of human tissues, advances in tissue culture, analytical and diagnostic methods, increases in computational processing capabilities, and a greater understanding of cell biology and molecular mechanisms of toxicity. These technological developments have enhanced the range and information content of the toxicity endpoints detected, and therefore the relevance of test systems and data interpretation, while new techniques for non-invasive diagnostic imaging and high resolution detection methods have permitted an increased role for human studies. Several key examples of how these technologies are being harnessed to meet 21st century safety assessment challenges are provided, including their deployment in integrated testing schemes in conjunction with kinetic modelling, and in specialised areas, such as inhalation toxicity studies.
Download or read book Alternatives to Animal Use in Research Testing and Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Dermatotoxicology written by Howard I. Maibach and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-24 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Dermatotoxicology: Clinical Aspects provides concise, systematic, and state-of-the-art information on the toxicological effects of substances on skin, and recent advances in dermal toxicity testing. This book specifically addresses the clinical presentations borne out of exposure to a variety of chemicals. It begins with an overview of skin biology to provide toxicologists with a basic understanding of its anatomy and physiology. Next it presents a variety of dermatotoxicological effects, as well at the toxic agents that cause them, with color photographs to illustrate these effects. Applied Dermatotoxicology: Clinical Aspects is an essential reference for toxicologists in industry, and for those medical professionals who encounter cases of dermal exposure to toxic agents. A concise, yet inclusive review of effects of chemical exposure Includes background on basic skin biology Provides vital clinical reference for toxicologists in non-clinical settings
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Detailed Review Document on Classification Systems for Eye Irritation Corrosion in OECD Member Countries written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-05-10 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed review document examines member country classification systems for eye irritation/corrosion.
Download or read book In Vitro Methods in Pharmaceutical Research written by Jose V. Castell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-10-04 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Vitro Methods in Pharmaceutical Research provides a comprehensive guide to laboratory techniques for evaluating in vitro organ toxicity using cellular models. Step-by-step practical tips on how to perform and interpret assays for drug metabolism and toxicity assessment are provided, along with a comparison of different techniques available. It is a welcome addition to the literature at a time when interest is growing in cellular in vitro models for toxicology and pharmacology studies. Meets the continuing demand for information in this field Compares In Vitro techniques with other methods Describes cell-culture methods used to investigate toxicity in cells derived from different organs Includes contributions by leading experts in the field
Download or read book Alternatives to Animal Testing written by Michael Balls and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2006 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal experimentation has long been a controversial issue with impassioned arguments on both sides of the debate. Increasingly it has become more expedient and feasible to develop new methods that avoid the use of animals. There is agreement on both sides that reduction and refinement of experiments on animals should be an important goal for the industries involved. Alternatives to Animal Testing, written by leading experts in the field, discusses the issues involved and approaches that can be taken. Topics include; the safety evaluation of chemicals, international validation and barriers to the validation of alternative tests, in vitro testing for endocrine disruptors, intelligent approaches to safety evaluation of chemicals, alternative tests and the regulatory framework. The book provides an up-to-date discussion of the current state of development of alternatives to animal testing and is ideal for professionals and academics in the field. It would also be of use for graduate students wishing to pursue a career in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Toxicology written by PK Gupta and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-08-26 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Toxicology: Essential Concepts and Applications provides a crisp, easy-to-understand overview of the most important concepts, applications, and ideas needed to learn the basics of toxicology. Written by a pre-eminent toxicologist with over five decades of teaching experience, this comprehensive resource offers the hands-on knowledge needed for a strong foundation in the wide field of toxicology. Fundamentals of Toxicology includes a clear structure divided into five units to assist learning and understanding. The first unit provides extensive coverage on the background of toxicology including commonly used definitions and historical perspective, while following units cover: basic concepts; regulatory requirements and good laboratory practices, including types of toxicology testing and evaluation; toxic agents and adverse effects on health; and analytical, forensic, and diagnostic toxicology. This is an essential book for advanced students in toxicology and across the biomedical sciences, life sciences, and environmental sciences who want to learn the concepts of toxicology, as well as early researchers needing to refresh outside of their specialty. Explains the essential concepts of toxicology in a clear fashion Provides in-depth coverage of testing protocols, common drugs, chemicals, and laboratory-based diagnostic and analytical toxicology Explores the history, foundations, and most recent concepts of toxicology Serves as an essential reference for advanced students in toxicology and across the biomedical, life, and environmental sciences who want to learn the concepts of toxicology
