Download or read book The Development of Traffic Information for Estimation of Mobile Source Emissions for Air Quality Modeling written by George B. Dresser and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development of Traffic Information for Estimation of Mobile Source Emissions for Air Quality Modeling Volume I Annotated Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This summary report provides a brief description of an annotated bibliography of studies relating to air-pollution problems in Houston, Texas.
Download or read book The Development of Traffic Information for Estimation of Mobile Source Emissions for Air Quality Modeling written by George B. Dresser and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development of Traffic Information for Estimation of Mobile Source Emissions for Air Quality Modeling written by George B. Dresser and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Mobile Source Emissions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-14 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mobile Source Emissions Factor (MOBILE) model is a computer model developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for estimating emissions from on-road motor vehicles. MOBILE is used in air-quality planning and regulation for estimating emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and for predicting the effects of emissions-reduction programs. Because of its important role in air-quality management, the accuracy of MOBILE is critical. Possible consequences of inaccurately characterizing motor-vehicle emissions include the implementation of insufficient controls that endanger the environment and public health or the implementation of ineffective policies that impose excessive control costs. Billions of dollars per year in transportation funding are linked to air-quality attainment plans, which rely on estimates of mobile-source emissions. Transportation infrastructure decisions are also affected by emissions estimates from MOBILE. In response to a request from Congress, the National Research Council established the Committee to Review EPA's Mobile Source Emissions Factor (MOBILE) Model in October 1998. The committee was charged to evaluate MOBILE and to develop recommendations for improving the model.
Download or read book Modeling Mobile Source Emissions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-07-28 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mobile Source Emissions Factor (MOBILE) model is a computer model developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for estimating emissions from on-road motor vehicles. MOBILE is used in air-quality planning and regulation for estimating emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and for predicting the effects of emissions-reduction programs.1 Because of its important role in air-quality management, the accuracy of MOBILE is critical. Possible consequences of inaccurately characterizing motor-vehicle emissions include the implementation of insufficient controls that endanger the environment and public health or the implementation of ineffective policies that impose excessive control costs. Billions of dollars per year in transportation funding are linked to air-quality attainment plans, which rely on estimates of mobile-source emissions. Transportation infrastructure decisions are also affected by emissions estimates from MOBILE. In response to a request from Congress, the National Research Council established the Committee to Review EPA's Mobile Source Emissions Factor (MOBILE) Model in October 1998. The committee was charged to evaluate MOBILE and to develop recommendations for improving the model.
Download or read book Improving Transportation Data for Mobile Source Emission Estimates written by Arun Chatterjee and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1997 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Traffic Related Air Pollution written by Haneen Khreis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic-Related Air Pollution synthesizes and maps TRAP and its impact on human health at the individual and population level. The book analyzes mitigating standards and regulations with a focus on cities. It provides the methods and tools for assessing and quantifying the associated road traffic emissions, air pollution, exposure and population-based health impacts, while also illuminating the mechanisms underlying health impacts through clinical and toxicological research. Real-world implications are set alongside policy options, emerging technologies and best practices. Finally, the book recommends ways to influence discourse and policy to better account for the health impacts of TRAP and its societal costs. Overviews existing and emerging tools to assess TRAP’s public health impacts Examines TRAP’s health effects at the population level Explores the latest technologies and policies--alongside their potential effectiveness and adverse consequences--for mitigating TRAP Guides on how methods and tools can leverage teaching, practice and policymaking to ameliorate TRAP and its effects
Download or read book Emission estimation based on traffic models and measurements written by Nikolaos Tsanakas and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-04-24 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic congestion increases travel times, but also results in higher energy usage and vehicular emissions. To evaluate the impact of traffic emissions on environment and human health, the accurate estimation of their rates and location is required. Traffic emission models can be used for estimating emissions, providing emission factors in grams per vehicle and kilometre. Emission factors are defined for specific traffic situations, and traffic data is necessary in order to determine these traffic situations along a traffic network. The required traffic data, which consists of average speed and flow, can be obtained either from traffic models or sensor measurements. In large urban areas, the collection of cross-sectional data from stationary sensors is a costefficient method of deriving traffic data for emission modelling. However, the traditional approaches of extrapolating this data in time and space may not accurately capture the variations of the traffic variables when congestion is high, affecting the emission estimation. Static transportation planning models, commonly used for the evaluation of infrastructure investments and policy changes, constitute an alternative efficient method of estimating the traffic data. Nevertheless, their static nature may result in an inaccurate estimation of dynamic traffic variables, such as the location of congestion, having a direct impact on emission estimation. Congestion is strongly correlated with increased emission rates, and since emissions have location specific effects, the location of congestion becomes a crucial aspect. Therefore, the derivation of traffic data for emission modelling usually relies on the simplified, traditional approaches. The aim of this thesis is to identify, quantify and finally reduce the potential errors that these traditional approaches introduce in an emission estimation analysis. According to our main findings, traditional approaches may be sufficient for analysing pollutants with global effects such as CO2, or for large-scale emission modelling applications such as emission inventories. However, for more temporally and spatially sensitive applications, such as dispersion and exposure modelling, a more detailed approach is needed. In case of cross-sectional measurements, we suggest and evaluate the use of a more detailed, but computationally more expensive, data extrapolation approach. Additionally, considering the inabilities of static models, we propose and evaluate the post-processing of their results, by applying quasi-dynamic network loading.
Download or read book Citywide Time dependent Grid based Traffic Emissions Estimation and Air Quality Inference Using Big Data written by Qing Li and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to industrial development and an increasing number of vehicles, many countries are suffering from air pollution, especially smog. High costs of directly measuring traffic emissions (one of the major sources of air pollution) and air quality have restricted government agencies to obtain accurate and timely information. Cellular phone activity data is cell phone communication records with cellular towers, generated during phone calls, texting, user data exchange activities, and all other cellular network system communication. This study develops a grid-based time-dependent traffic emissions estimation and air quality inference model on a citywide scale by using cellular activity data. First, data processing and mode choice model are proposed to remove noise data and detect travel mode. Then, map matching algorithm is proposed to project non-consecutive points to obtain the complete paths. Traffic emissions can be estimated based on these trajectories and the International Vehicle Emissions (IVE). Moreover, a feature-based air quality inference model is proposed. Weighted air quality information, traffic information, weather, human mobility and POI information are used as model inputs, and random forest learner is introduced to infer grid-based time-dependent air quality information for locations without monitor stations. Two case studies are designed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed models. In the case study of Taicang, the results demonstrated the effectiveness and the rationality of the proposed model in traffic and emissions estimation. Different from traditional vehicle emission models that can only detect emissions in some fixed points, the proposed model can estimate traffic emissions on a citywide scale on the hour-by-hour basis. In the case study of Shanghai, the first part is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the traffic emissions estimation model. The traffic calculated by the proposed model is close to the average weekly vehicle miles traveled. The second part of the experiments on Shanghai demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed air quality inference model which improves both root-mean-square errors and mean absolute percentage error. The proposed model is applicable in the real world and helps government agencies to obtain accurate and timely information of traffic emissions and air quality.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Urban Transportation and Air Pollution written by Akula Venkatram and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Transportation and Air Pollution synthesizes state-of-the-art methods on estimating near-road concentrations of roadway emissions. The book provides the information needed to make estimates using methods based on a minimal set of model inputs that can be applied by a wide range of users in many situations. Discussions include methods to estimate traffic emission under numerous urban driving conditions, the uncertainty of emission models, and the effects of road configurations, such as near-road solid barriers. Final sections present dispersion models that link traffic emissions with near road concentrations in urban environments. Addressing transportation-related environmental issues is extremely important as urban areas are constantly searching for ways to mitigate impacts from transportation sources. This book helps to explain dispersion models, a critical tool for estimating the impact of roadway emissions in cities. Compiles and synthesizes the state-of-the-science methods for estimating roadway emissions Demonstrates, with clear examples, how modeling methods reduce uncertainties in real-world problems Emphasizes how local-scale, semi-empirical, steady-state modeling can be applied using only a small set of inputs Offers an overview of the meteorology that governs air pollution dispersion in cities
Download or read book Air Quality Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-08-30 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing the nation's air quality is a complex undertaking, involving tens of thousands of people in regulating thousands of pollution sources. The authors identify what has worked and what has not, and they offer wide-ranging recommendations for setting future priorities, making difficult choices, and increasing innovation. This new book explores how to better integrate scientific advances and new technologies into the air quality management system. The volume reviews the three-decade history of governmental efforts toward cleaner air, discussing how air quality standards are set and results measured, the design and implementation of control strategies, regulatory processes and procedures, special issues with mobile pollution sources, and more. The book looks at efforts to spur social and behavioral changes that affect air quality, the effectiveness of market-based instruments for air quality regulation, and many other aspects of the issue. Rich in technical detail, this book will be of interest to all those engaged in air quality management: scientists, engineers, industrial managers, law makers, regulators, health officials, clean-air advocates, and concerned citizens.
Download or read book Federally Coordinated Program of Research and Development in Highway Transportation written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of Transportation and Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 2013-05 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Representing Freight in Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Models written by Louis Harold Browning and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2010 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report presents an evaluation of the current methods used to generate air emissions information from all freight transportation activities and discusses their suitability for purposes such as health and climate risk assessments, prioritization of emission reduction activities (e.g., through State Implementation Plans), and public education. The report is especially valuable for (1) its identification of the state of the practice, gaps, and strengths and limitations of current emissions data estimates and methods and (2) its conceptual model that offers a comprehensive representation of freight activity by all transportation modes and relationships between modes. This report will better inform the near-term needs of public and private stakeholders regarding the quality of emissions data and guide future research that links freight activities with air emissions."--pub. desc.
