Download or read book The Determinants of Capital Structure in Ethiopian Small Scale Manufacturing Industry Firms written by Dereje Yohannis and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-19 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2019 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 3.28, language: English, abstract: The purpose of the study is investigating the determinants of capital structure for Small Scale Manufacturing Firms (SSMFs) in Ethiopia. Hypotheses utilizing trade-off, pecking order and agency theories are empirically examined using a series of firm characteristics: size, tangibility, profitability, earning volatility, age and macroeconomic variable (GDP growth rate, inflation rate and interest rate). A structured record review was made to collect a panel data, which include 20 SSMFs year observations of 11 years over the period 1998 - 2008 E.C. The findings suggest that profitability, earning volatility, age, growth, GDP, inflation rate and interest rate variables are the most important determinants of capital structure of SSMFs in Ethiopia. The findings also reveal that the dominant capital structure theories (trade-off, pecking order, and agency theories) appear indeed to be valid for Ethiopian SSMFs' capital structure; in fact, trade-off theory best explains Ethiopian SSMFs' capital structure. All firm specific variables except Size, tangibility and growth variables seem to have an effect on the level of leverage in Ethiopian SSMFs.

Download or read book The Determinants of Capital Structure in Ethiopian Small Scale Manufacturing Industry Firms written by Dereje Yohannis and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2019 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 3.28, , language: English, abstract: The purpose of the study is investigating the determinants of capital structure for Small Scale Manufacturing Firms (SSMFs) in Ethiopia. Hypotheses utilizing trade-off, pecking order and agency theories are empirically examined using a series of firm characteristics: size, tangibility, profitability, earning volatility, age and macroeconomic variable (GDP growth rate, inflation rate and interest rate). A structured record review was made to collect a panel data, which include 20 SSMFs year observations of 11 years over the period 1998 – 2008 E.C. The findings suggest that profitability, earning volatility, age, growth, GDP, inflation rate and interest rate variables are the most important determinants of capital structure of SSMFs in Ethiopia. The findings also reveal that the dominant capital structure theories (trade-off, pecking order, and agency theories) appear indeed to be valid for Ethiopian SSMFs’ capital structure; in fact, trade-off theory best explains Ethiopian SSMFs’ capital structure. All firm specific variables except Size, tangibility and growth variables seem to have an effect on the level of leverage in Ethiopian SSMFs.

Download or read book Determinants of the Capital Structure of Ghanaian Firms written by Joshua Abor and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Making It Big written by Andrea Ciani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments of how large firms are created in low- and middle-income countries and their role in development. It argues that large firms advance a range of development objectives in ways that other firms do not: large firms are more likely to innovate, export, and offer training and are more likely to adopt international standards of quality, among other contributions. Their particularities are closely associated with productivity advantages and translate into improved outcomes not only for their owners but also for their workers and for smaller enterprises in their value chains. The challenge for economic development, however, is that production does not reach economic scale in low- and middle-income countries. Why are large firms scarcer in developing countries? Drawing on a rare set of data from public and private sources, as well as proprietary data from the International Finance Corporation and case studies, this book shows that large firms are often born large—or with the attributes of largeness. In other words, what is distinct about them is often in place from day one of their operations. To fill the “missing top†? of the firm-size distribution with additional large firms, governments should support the creation of such firms by opening markets to greater competition. In low-income countries, this objective can be achieved through simple policy reorientation, such as breaking oligopolies, removing unnecessary restrictions to international trade and investment, and establishing strong rules to prevent the abuse of market power. Governments should also strive to ensure that private actors have the skills, technology, intelligence, infrastructure, and finance they need to create large ventures. Additionally, they should actively work to spread the benefits from production at scale across the largest possible number of market participants. This book seeks to bring frontier thinking and evidence on the role and origins of large firms to a wide range of readers, including academics, development practitioners and policy makers.

Download or read book Partial Least Squares Path Modeling written by Hengky Latan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-03 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book presents the recent developments in partial least squares-path modeling (PLS-PM) and provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the most advanced research related to PLS-PM. The first section of this book emphasizes the basic concepts and extensions of the PLS-PM method. The second section discusses the methodological issues that are the focus of the recent development of the PLS-PM method. The third part discusses the real world application of the PLS-PM method in various disciplines. The contributions from expert authors in the field of PLS focus on topics such as the factor-based PLS-PM, the perfect match between a model and a mode, quantile composite-based path modeling (QC-PM), ordinal consistent partial least squares (OrdPLSc), non-symmetrical composite-based path modeling (NSCPM), modern view for mediation analysis in PLS-PM, a multi-method approach for identifying and treating unobserved heterogeneity, multigroup analysis (PLS-MGA), the assessment of the common method bias, non-metric PLS with categorical indicators, evaluation of the efficiency and accuracy of model misspecification and bootstrap parameter recovery in PLS-PM, CB-SEM, and the Bollen-Stine methods and importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) for nonlinear relationships. This book will be useful for researchers and practitioners interested in the latest advances in PLS-PM as well as master and Ph.D. students in a variety of disciplines using the PLS-PM method for their projects.

Download or read book Capital Structure Decisions written by Yamini Agarwal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inside the risk management and corporate governance issues behind capital structure decisions Practical ways of determining capital structures have always been mysterious and riddled with risks and uncertainties. Dynamic paradigm shifts and the multi-dimensional operations of firms further complicate the situation. Financial leaders are under constant pressure to outdo their competitors, but how to do so is not always clear. Capital Structure Decisions offers an introduction to corporate finance, and provides valuable insights into the decision-making processes that face the CEOs and CFOs of organizations in dynamic multi-objective environments. Exploring the various models and techniques used to understand the capital structure of an organization, as well as the products and means available for financing these structures, the book covers how to develop a goal programming model to enable organization leaders to make better capital structure decisions. Incorporating international case studies to explain various financial models and to illustrate ways that capital structure choices determine their success, Capital Structure Decisions looks at existing models and the development of a new goal-programming model for capital structures that is capable of handling multiple objectives, with an emphasis throughout on mitigating risk. Helps financial leaders understand corporate finance and the decision-making processes involved in understanding and developing capital structure Includes case studies from around the world that explain key financial models Emphasizes ways to minimize risk when it comes to working with capital structures There are a number of criteria that financial leaders need to consider before making any major capital investment decision. Capital Structure Decisions analyzes the various risk management and corporate governance issues to be considered by any diligent CEO/CFO before approving a project.

Download or read book Determinants of Capital Structure A Study on the Cement Sector of Pakistan written by Muhammad Khurram Shabbir and published by . This book was released on 2018-08-19 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project Report from the year 2014 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: A-, course: Adavance research methodology, language: English, abstract: The decisions relating to the capital structure have been one of the most important decisions that have to be taken by the financial managers in any organization. The cement sector of Pakistan plays a vital role in economic development. Hence the importance of decisions pertaining to its capital structure can't be denied. This study investigates the effect of profitability, tangibility, size and liquidity on capital structure decisions of the listed companies in Karachi stock exchange of cement sector in Pakistan. This research study provides the information that would help the management of cement industry to make better decisions related to the capital structure. Its provides a deep insight of an optimal capital structure for the cement industry. Which will then support in maximization of the share value of firms on the one side and the minimization of cost of capital on the other side, and overall it would have a significant effect on the firm's profitability which is the main objective of any organization. The variables include leverage, profitability, liquidity, Size, and tangibility.

Download or read book Optimum Capital Structure written by Lutfa Ferdous and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: M.B.A, University of Dhaka, course: Master of Finance, language: English, abstract: Capital structure is one of the most converse and vital issues both in finance literature and practical research. This research deals with the theoretical and empirical aspects of capital structure decision. It is observed that the determination of debt ratio is subtle and sophisticated to determine, and its estimation is still a matter of debate, and yet there is no entirely satisfactory theoretical model for forecasting the optimal debt ratio in the firm's capital structure. There is little consensus on how firms choose their capital structure and how the firm-specific factors influence the shape of the capital structure. This research develops a link between theory and practice of capital structure. This study has supported a set of sample firms to show the impact of six factors determinants on the financial leverage and how they comply with the findings derived by different previous theories regarding these factors. Least Square method has been used to assess the influence of defined explanatory variables on the capital structure by using the dataset of Bangladeshi manufacturing firms for the period 2000 to 2004. Out of Six examined explanatory variables-agency-equity, agency debt, Bankruptcy, profitability are statistically significant determinants of financial leverage. Otherwise, growth rate and operating leverage are found to be insignificant. Agency-equity, agency debt, bankruptcy operating leverage, profitability, growth rate, all these are showing a negative relation with the dependent variable. Also, this paper suggests that the institutional context and macroeconomic events play an essential role in the capital structure decisions of Bangladeshi companies. It would seem appropriate that further research should focus on the role played by the institutional framework, such as the impact of taxation, the practice of good corporate governance, legal and regulatory structure.

Download or read book Determinants Of The Capital Structure Of The Cement Industry From Pakistan written by Muhammad Bilal and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-02-19 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Operations Research, University of Lahore (Lahore Business School), language: English, abstract: This research/study has been conducted on the capital structure of the cement industry Pakistan taking the sample of 11 companies out of the population of 24 companies registered on the Karachi stock exchange of the period 2001 to 2015. This study used the least square method to find out the relationship of dependent and independent variables. It has taken leverage as a dependent variable and firm size, growth, liquidity, tangibility, non debt tax shield, and profitability as a independent variables, while the 3 independent variables have not supported the assumption (riddance test) of linear regression model, which is profitability liquidity and growth, thus its carry out the research on the remaining 4 variables which is dependent variable leverage and independent variables non debt tax shield, tangibility and firm size. The outcome of the research is demonstrated after analyzing that there is negative relationship in between the firm size and Non debt tax shield with leverage, while there is positive relationship in between the tangibility and leverage. So after analyzing it has been determined the main determinates of capital structure of the cement industry is tangibility of asset.

Download or read book Insurance in Ethiopia written by Hailu Zeleke and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Credit Rating and the Impact on Capital Structure written by Christian Kronwald and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-03 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,3, University of Hohenheim (Lehrstuhl für Bankwirtschaft und Finanzdienstleistungen), language: English, abstract: The question about capital structure is one of the most important issues which the management of a company faces in implementing their daily business. Therefore, the question of which factors affect capital structure decisions attracts high attention in the past and recent literature on capital structure. There are many papers providing valuable insights into capital structure choices, starting with the paper of Modigliani and Miller (1958). The MM-Theorem is generally considered a purely theoretical result since it ignores important factors in the capital structure decision like bank-ruptcy costs, taxes, agency costs and information asymmetry. Based on this paper many other theories which consider factors neglected by Modigliani and Miller have been evolved. Two major theories are the Tradeoff- and the Pecking-Order-Theory. The former loosens assumptions stated in the MM-Theorem by including bankruptcy costs and taxes while the latter introduces information asymmetry into the capital structure discussion. Chapter 2.1 will give a brief overview of these theories. For complexity reasons these models cannot capture all relevant factors affecting the capital structure policy of a company. However, all these theories disregard one cru-cial factor which plays an important role on capital markets all over the world. The significance of Credit Ratings is gradually increasing, and it is doing so in many re-spects. This paper focuses on the Credit Rating-Capital Structure-Hypotheses (CRCS) developed by Darren J. Kisgen as a modern approach to the capital structure discussion. The hypothesis argues that credit ratings have an impact on capital struc-ture decisions due to discrete costs (benefits) associated with a rating change. Firstly,

Download or read book Africa s manufacturing puzzle Evidence from Tanzanian and Ethiopian firms written by Diao, Xinshen and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-05-06 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent growth accelerations in Africa are characterized by increasing productivity in agriculture, a declining share of the labor force employed in agriculture and declining productivity in modern sectors such as manufacturing. To shed light on this puzzle, we disaggregate firms in the manufacturing sector by size using two newly created panels of manufacturing firms, one for Tanzania covering 2008-2016 and one for Ethiopia covering 1996-2017. Our analysis reveals a dichotomy between larger firms that exhibit superior productivity performance but do not expand employment much, and small firms that absorb employment but do not experience any productivity growth. We suggest the poor employment performance of large firms is related to use of capital-intensive techniques associated with global trends in technology.

Download or read book Does capital structure influence firms value written by Ulrike Messbacher and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-12-20 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1, University of Applied Sciences Kempten (University of Ulster), language: English, abstract: In accordance with the Signalling model by Ross (1977) an increase in gearing represents, in term of a company’s prospective cash flows, a positive signal to external investors. Because, due to the higher risk of financial distress, companies with less optimistic market prospective tend to avoid additional financial obligations. This implies that an increasing indebtedness means a higher quality of business and therefore better valuation. This leads, in turn, to the assumption that the corporate management can influence a firm’s value by changing its capital structure. If capital structure can affect value, how can firms identify an optimal capital structure and what will it look like? It is that mix of debt and equity that maximises the value of a firm and, at the same time, minimise overall cost of capital. In their seminal article, published in 1958 and 1963, Modigliani and Miller argue that under certain assumptions the value of a firm i s independent of its capital structure, but with tax-deductible interest payments, they are positively related. Moreover, there are other approaches with partly contradictory perceptions. For instance, Myers (1998, cited in Fairchild 2003, p.6) argues that there is no universal optimal mix of debt and equity; in fact it depends on firms or industries, and therefore should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Other researchers have added market imperfections, such as bankruptcy costs, agency costs, and gains from leverage- induced tax shields to the analysis and have maintained that an optimal capital structure may exist (Hatfieldet al.1994, p.1). First, this paper shows the basic determinants of a firm’s value in association with the impact of financial leverage on payoffs to stockholders. Secondly, it considers some arguments of capital structure theories, particularly the Modigliani and Miller theorem and the Traditional approach and contrasts them. Finally, the underlying factors of the model assumptions are examined and shown that they are important in the choice of a firm’s debt-equity ratio.

Download or read book Industrial Policy and Economic Transformation in Africa written by Akbar Noman and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revival of economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is all the more welcome for having followed one of the worst economic disasters—a quarter century of economic malaise for most of the region—since the industrial revolution. Six of the world's fastest-growing economies in the first decade of this century were African. Yet only in Ethiopia and Rwanda was growth not based on resources and the rising price of oil. Deindustrialization has yet to be reversed, and progress toward creating a modern economy remains limited. This book explores the vital role that active government policies can play in transforming African economies. Such policies pertain not just to industry. They traverse all economic sectors, including finance, information technology, and agriculture. These packages of learning, industrial, and technology (LIT) policies aim to bring vigorous and lasting growth to the region. This collection features case studies of LIT policies in action in many parts of the world, examining their risks and rewards and what they mean for Sub-Saharan Africa.

Download or read book The Business Plan written by Gerald Schwetje and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-24 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the essentials to write a successful business plan. The represented methods and best practices have been approved over many years in practice with many management consulting engagements. The book is beautifully structured, it has a pragmatic emphasis and an autodidactic approach. The reader gets acquainted with the skills and competencies as well as tools, required for the planning and development of the business plan project.

Download or read book An Enterprise Map of Ethiopia written by John Sutton and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title describes the history and current capabilities of Ethiopia's leading industrial companies, focusing on 50 key large and mid-size firms.

Download or read book African Industrial Development and European Union Co operation written by Francis Matambalya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the 54African states, only South Africa is categorised by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) amongst industrialised countries. The economic activities in Africa are still dominated by the production and trade of agricultural and mineral commodities. This situation is in spite of the longstanding Africa--European Union (EU) co-operation, which intends, among other things, to support Africa’s industrialisation endeavours. Imperatively, a long road to substantive levels of industrialisation still lies ahead of most African countries. This raises the question as to what role the international community could and should play in the twenty-first century to provide the support needed to expedite Africa’s industrial transformation. This book argues that to supplement the initiatives of each African country, international partnerships, of both a ‘North–South’ and ‘South–South’ nature, will serve better purposes if they are leveraged to develop productive capacities in African economies. In order to enable the African countries to leverage their traditional partnership with the EU for industrialisation, a paradigm shift is obligatory. A feasible model should emulate the Japanese-led ‘flying geese’ model and the Chinese-led ‘bamboo capitalism’ model.