Download or read book The Delft Sand Clay and Rock Cutting Model written by S.A. Miedema and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sand, clay and rock have to be excavated for a variety of purposes, such as dredging, trenching, mining (including deep sea mining), drilling, tunnel boring and many other applications. Many excavations take place on dry land, but they are also frequently required in completely saturated conditions, and the methods necessary to accomplish them consequently vary widely. This book provides an overview of cutting theories. It begins with a generic model, valid for all types of soil (sand, clay and rock), and continues with the specifics of dry sand, water-saturated sand, clay, atmospheric rock and hyperbaric rock. Small blade angles and large blade angles are discussed for each soil type, and for each case considered the equations/model for cutting forces, power and specific energy are given. With models verified by laboratory research, principally from the Delft University of Technology, and data from other recognized sources, this book will prove an invaluable reference for anybody whose work involves major excavations of any kind.
Download or read book Chapter 4 Cutting Sand Clay and Rock written by G L M Van Der Schrieck and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains chapters 4.1, 4.3 and 4.4 from my main book "Dredging Technology Book 1"and is titled: "Chapter 4: Cutting Sand, Clay and Rock ". It is written by an expert in Dredging Technology Engineering who was a member of the user panel of the Dredging Research Project 1966-2015 at Delft Hydraulics and Delft University.This book gives an overview of the published results of this research and the experience of the author. First part chapter 4.1: One of the most striking phenomena learned during the research on cutting sand is the generation of large underpressures in the cut sand layer caused by the phenomenon "Dilatancy". Related to this there even appeared to be "Cavitation" at the inside of the cut layer ! Cavitation is the sudden change of pore water into water vapour, looking like "Boiling" . Because of the sudden absence of water in the centre region of the cut layer the outside waterpressure must be counterbalanced with an equal al-sided grainstress that makes the cut sand body very strong and compacted. This can be very well described as "Vacuum packed coffee" ! It becomes a mayor adverse effect at the greater waterdepths of 10-30 m where the surrounding waterpressure is 20-40 mwc (2-4 bar) ! Since it takes some time for water to flow through the sand layer into the cavitated area, the result is that thestill cavitating cut layer stays strong also for some time, while acting as a stiff vacuum packed sand body, long enough to cause problems in the mixture formation process behind the cutting edge: The very strong cut layer runs against the inside of the cutting device (Cutterhead or Draghead) and thus hinders a smooth production process! Part 4.1 explains all these phenomena and how to deal with them.The next part chapter 4.3 of this book handles about the cutting of Clay. Research results from large scale cutting tests at Delft University are described and translated into design rules and formulas. The cutting process in Clay strongly depends on the strength of the clay, the cutting velocity and the cutting depth. It appeared that the ratio v/h between the cutting velocity v and cutting depth h governs the distortion rate of the Clay and as such the shape of the Cutting Process: The higher the distortion rate the more plastic behaviour of the cutting process and the higher the cutting forces. At very low cutting velocity the Clay even tends to fail showing a more cracking behaviour and low cutting forces. Very strong clay can act as Rock with a cracking failure mode. Part 4.3 explains all the phenomena.The last part chapter 4.4 of this book describes the understanding and modelling of the cutting process of Rock. Although there was hardly any rock to be dredged in the Netherlands in the 1970-1980's the Dutch Dredging Contractors gained large contracts in Saudi Arabia for the removal of Caprock at the top of sand layers that had to be dredged for harbour development. Spectacular large prototype scale tests in limestone Rock using prototype teeth running up to 5 m/s into blocks of limestone rock generated a lot of insight in the processes involved. Several Rock failure modes appear to exist depending not only on the ratio between the compressive strength and tensile strength of the rock but also on the confining pressure inside the rock. The higher this pressure the less crack formation and the higher the specific energy consumption. The extremely fast crack formation into the rock produces a kind of "cavitation" effect inside the cracks. This causes a mayor increase of the cutting force and thus the specific energy consumption at larger waterdepths and is still a problem in Deep Ocean mining ! Part 4.4 explains it all !
Download or read book Production at the Leading Edge of Technology written by Bernd-Arno Behrens and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-04 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This congress proceedings provides recent research on leading-edge manufacturing processes. The aim of this scientific congress is to work out diverse individual solutions of "production at the leading edge of technology" and transferable methodological approaches. In addition, guest speakers with different backgrounds will give the congress participants food for thoughts, interpretations, views and suggestions. The manufacturing industry is currently undergoing a profound structural change, which on the one hand produces innovative solutions through the use of high-performance communication and information technology, and on the other hand is driven by new requirements for goods, especially in the mobility and energy sector. With the social discourse on how we should live and act primarily according to guidelines of sustainability, structural change is gaining increasing dynamic. It is essential to translate politically specified sustainability goals into socially accepted and marketable technical solutions. Production research is meeting this challenge and will make important contributions and provide innovative solutions from different perspectives.
Download or read book Wear of Rock Cutting Tools written by P.N.W. Verhoef and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text deals with the dredging of rock by large cutter suction dredgers. The rock properties influencing the mechanical cutting of rock and the wear of cutting teeth are examined, and to verify the model of mechanical rock excavation developed, case studies of dredging projects were performed.
Download or read book Dredging Equipment written by United States. Naval Facilities Engineering Command and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The World in a Grain written by Vince Beiser and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2019-08-06 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A finalist for the PEN/E. O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award The gripping story of the most important overlooked commodity in the world--sand--and the crucial role it plays in our lives. After water and air, sand is the natural resource that we consume more than any other--even more than oil. Every concrete building and paved road on Earth, every computer screen and silicon chip, is made from sand. From Egypt's pyramids to the Hubble telescope, from the world's tallest skyscraper to the sidewalk below it, from Chartres' stained-glass windows to your iPhone, sand shelters us, empowers us, engages us, and inspires us. It's the ingredient that makes possible our cities, our science, our lives--and our future. And, incredibly, we're running out of it. The World in a Grain is the compelling true story of the hugely important and diminishing natural resource that grows more essential every day, and of the people who mine it, sell it, build with it--and sometimes, even kill for it. It's also a provocative examination of the serious human and environmental costs incurred by our dependence on sand, which has received little public attention. Not all sand is created equal: Some of the easiest sand to get to is the least useful. Award-winning journalist Vince Beiser delves deep into this world, taking readers on a journey across the globe, from the United States to remote corners of India, China, and Dubai to explain why sand is so crucial to modern life. Along the way, readers encounter world-changing innovators, island-building entrepreneurs, desert fighters, and murderous sand pirates. The result is an entertaining and eye-opening work, one that is both unexpected and involving, rippling with fascinating detail and filled with surprising characters.
Download or read book Recent Developments of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnics in Theory and Practice written by Theodoros Triantafyllidis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides essential insights into recent developments in fundamental geotechnical engineering research. Special emphasis is given to a new family of constitutive soil description methods, which take into account the recent loading history and the dilatancy effects. Particular attention is also paid to the numerical implementation of multi-phase material under dynamic loads, and to geotechnical installation processes. In turn, the book addresses implementation problems concerning large deformations in soils during piling operations or densification processes, and discusses the limitations of the respective methods. Numerical simulations of dynamic consolidation processes are presented in slope stability analysis under seismic excitation. Lastly, achieving the energy transition from conventional to renewable sources will call for geotechnical expertise. Consequently, the book explores and analyzes a selection of interesting problems involving the stability and serviceability of supporting structures, and provides new solutions approaches for practitioners and scientists in geotechnical engineering. The content reflects the outcomes of the Colloquium on Geotechnical Engineering 2019 (Geotechnik Kolloquium), held in Karlsruhe, Germany in September 2019.
Download or read book Hydraulic Fill Manual written by Jan van 't Hoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Without proper hydraulic fill and suitable specialised equipment, many major infrastructure projects such as ports, airports, roads, industrial or housing projects could not be realised. Yet comprehensive information about hydraulic fill is difficult to find. This thoroughly researched book, written by noted experts, takes the reader step-by-step through the complex development of a hydraulic fill project. Up-to-date and in-depth, this manual will enable the client and his consultant to understand and properly plan a reclamation project. It provides adequate guidelines for design and quality control and allows the contractor to work within known and generally accepted guidelines and reasonable specifications. The ultimate goal is to create better-designed, more adequately specified and less costly hydraulic fill projects. The Hydraulic Fill Manual covers a range of topics such as: • The development cycle of a hydraulic fill project • How technical data are acquired and applied • The construction methods applicable to a wide variety of equipment and soil conditions, the capabilities of dredging equipment and the techniques of soil improvement • How to assess the potentials of a borrow pit • Essential environment assessment issues • The design of the hydraulic fill mass, including the boundary conditions for the design, effects of the design on its surroundings, the strength and stiffness of the fill mass, density, sensitivity to liquefaction, design considerations for special fill material such as silts, clays and carbonate sands, problematic subsoils and natural hazards • Quality control and monitoring of the fill mass and its behaviour after construction. This manual is of particular interest to clients, consultants, planning and consenting authorities, environmental advisors, contractors and civil, geotechnical, hydraulic and coastal engineers involved in dredging and land reclamation projects.
Download or read book Digital Terrain Modeling written by Zhilin Li and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-11-29 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by experts, Digital Terrain Modeling: Principles and Methodology provides comprehensive coverage of recent developments in the field. The topics include terrain analysis, sampling strategy, acquisition methodology, surface modeling principles, triangulation algorithms, interpolation techniques, on-line and off-line quality control in data a
Download or read book Scour and Erosion written by Susan Burns and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wear of Rock Cutting Tools written by P.N.W. Verhoef and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text deals with the dredging of rock by large cutter suction dredgers. The rock properties influencing the mechanical cutting of rock and the wear of cutting teeth are examined, and to verify the model of mechanical rock excavation developed, case studies of dredging projects were performed.
Download or read book Correlations of Soil and Rock Properties in Geotechnical Engineering written by Jay Ameratunga and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-11 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a one-stop reference to the empirical correlations used extensively in geotechnical engineering. Empirical correlations play a key role in geotechnical engineering designs and analysis. Laboratory and in situ testing of soils can add significant cost to a civil engineering project. By using appropriate empirical correlations, it is possible to derive many design parameters, thus limiting our reliance on these soil tests. The authors have decades of experience in geotechnical engineering, as professional engineers or researchers. The objective of this book is to present a critical evaluation of a wide range of empirical correlations reported in the literature, along with typical values of soil parameters, in the light of their experience and knowledge. This book will be a one-stop-shop for the practising professionals, geotechnical researchers and academics looking for specific correlations for estimating certain geotechnical parameters. The empirical correlations in the forms of equations and charts and typical values are collated from extensive literature review, and from the authors' database.
Download or read book MouldMaking and Casting written by Nick Brooks and published by Crowood. This book was released on 2013-12-21 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mouldmaking and Casting is a technical manual of the many techniques of this ancient craft and art form. With step-by-step illustrations, it explains the materials required and the processes involved to create reproductions of a range of pieces. The book covers traditional techniques as well as today's more advanced technical methods.
Download or read book Principles of Foundation Engineering written by Braja M. Das and published by Cengage Learning. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the core concepts and applications of foundation analysis and design with Das/Sivakugan’s best-selling PRINCIPLES OF FOUNDATION ENGINEERING, 9th Edition. Written specifically for those studying undergraduate civil engineering, this invaluable resource by renowned authors in the field of geotechnical engineering provides an ideal balance of today's most current research and practical field applications. A wealth of worked-out examples and figures clearly illustrate the work of today's civil engineer, while timely information and insights help readers develop the critical skills needed to properly apply theories and analysis while evaluating soils and foundation design. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.
Download or read book Soil Mechanics written by R. F. Craig and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended primarily to serve the needs of the undergraduate civil engineering student and aims at the clear explanation, in adequate depth, of the fundamental principles of soil mechanics. The understanding of these principles is considered to be an essential foundation upon which future practical experience in soils engineering can be built. The choice of material involves an element of personal opinion but the contents of this book should cover the requirements of most undergraduate courses to honours level. It is assumed that the student has no prior knowledge of the subject but has a good understanding of basic mechanics. The book includes a comprehensive range of worked examples and problems set for solution by the student to consolidate understanding of the fundamental principles and illustrate their application in simple practical situations. The International System of Units is used throughout the book. A list of references is included at the end of each chapter as an aid to the more advanced study of any particular topic. It is intended also that the book will serve as a useful source of reference for the practising engineer. In the third edition no changes have been made to the aims of the book. Except for the order of two chapters being interchanged and for minor changes in the order of material in the chapter on consolidation theory, the basic structure of the book is unaltered.
Download or read book Hydraulic Engineering V written by Guojun Hong and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic research is developing beyond traditional civil engineering to satisfy increasing demands in natural hazards, structural safety assessment and environmental research. Hydraulic Engineering V contains 40 technical papers from the 5th International Technical Conference on Hydraulic Engineering (CHE 2017), held in Shanghai (China) 15—17 December 2017. The conference served as a major forum to promote technological progress and activities, technical transfer and cooperation, and opportunities for engineers and researchers to maintain and improve scientific and technical competence in the field of hydraulic engineering, environment and safety engineering, and other related fields. The selected papers mainly focus on theory and technologies related to hydraulic engineering, ecological structures in hydraulic engineering, stability and risk of hydraulic structures, estuary improvement and shoreline restoration, river engineering and sediment transport, dredging technology and equipment, flood hazards and innovative control measures, complex flow modelling, environmental hydraulics and hydrology, water purification, wastewater treatment, and geotechnical aspects in hydraulic engineering. Hydraulic Engineering V will be of interest to academics and engineers involved in Hydraulic Engineering and Environmental Engineering.
Download or read book Modeling and Practice of Erosion and Sediment Transport under Change written by Mohamed Meddi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate and anthropogenic changes impact the conditions of erosion and sediment transport in rivers. Rainfall variability and, in many places, the increase of rainfall intensity have a direct impact on rainfall erosivity. Increasing changes in demography have led to the acceleration of land cover changes in natural areas, as well as in cultivated areas, and, sometimes, in degraded areas and desertified landscapes. These anthropogenized landscapes are more sensitive to erosion. On the other hand, the increase in the number of dams in watersheds traps a great portion of sediment fluxes, which do not reach the sea in the same amount, nor at the same quality, with consequences on coastal geomorphodynamics. This book is dedicated to studies on sediment fluxes from continental areas to coastal areas, as well as observation, modeling, and impact analysis at different scales from watershed slopes to the outputs of large river basins. This book is concentrated on a number of keywords: “erosion” and “sediment transport”, “model” and “practice”, and “change”. The keywords are briefly discussed with respect to the relevant literature. The contributions in this book address observations and models based on laboratory and field data, allowing researchers to make use of such resources in practice under changing conditions.
