Download or read book The Current Situtation sic in Belarus written by United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Current Situation in Belarus written by United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rise and Fall of Belarusian Nationalism 1906 1931 written by Per Anders Rudling and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Belarusian nationalism emerged in the early twentieth century during a dramatic period that included a mass exodus, multiple occupations, seven years of warfare, and the partition of the Belarusian lands. In this original history, Per Anders Rudling traces the evolution of modern Belarusian nationalism from its origins in late imperial Russia to the early 1930s. The revolution of 1905 opened a window of opportunity, and debates swirled around definitions of ethnic, racial, or cultural belonging. By March of 1918, a small group of nationalists had declared the formation of a Belarusian People's Republic (BNR), with territories based on ethnographic claims. Less than a year later, the Soviets claimed roughly the same area for a Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR). Belarusian statehood was declared no less than six times between 1918 and 1920. In 1921, the treaty of Riga officially divided the Belarusian lands between Poland and the Soviet Union. Polish authorities subjected Western Belarus to policies of assimilation, alienating much of the population. At the same time, the Soviet establishment of Belarusian-language cultural and educational institutions in Eastern Belarus stimulated national activism in Western Belarus. Sporadic partisan warfare against Polish authorities occurred until the mid-1920s, with Lithuanian and Soviet support. On both sides of the border, Belarusian activists engaged in a process of mythmaking and national mobilization. By 1926, Belarusian political activism had peaked, but then waned when coups d'etats brought authoritarian rule to Poland and Lithuania. The year 1927 saw a crackdown on the Western Belarusian national movement, and in Eastern Belarus, Stalin's consolidation of power led to a brutal transformation of society and the uprooting of Belarusian national communists. As a small group of elites, Belarusian nationalists had been dependent on German, Lithuanian, Polish, and Soviet sponsors since 1915. The geopolitical rivalry provided opportunities, but also liabilities. After 1926, maneuvering this complex and progressively hostile landscape became difficult. Support from Kaunas and Moscow for the Western Belarusian nationalists attracted the interest of the Polish authorities, and the increasingly autonomous republican institutions in Minsk became a concern for the central government in the Kremlin. As Rudling shows, Belarus was a historic battleground that served as a political tool, borderland, and buffer zone between greater powers. Nationalism arrived late, was limited to a relatively small elite, and was suppressed in its early stages. The tumultuous process, however, established the idea of Belarusian statehood, left behind a modern foundation myth, and bequeathed the institutional framework of a proto-state, all of which resurfaced as building blocks for national consolidation when Belarus gained independence in 1991.
Download or read book The Current Digest of the Post Soviet Press written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Belarus written by Andrew Wilson and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and revelatory history of modern Belarus - from independence to 2020’s contested election In 2020 Belarus made headlines around the world when protests erupted in the aftermath of a fraught presidential election. Andrew Wilson explores both Belarus’s complicated road to nationhood and its politics and economics since it gained independence in 1991. Two new chapters reveal the extent of Aliaksandr Lukashenka’s grip on power, the growth of the opposition movement and the violent crackdown that followed the vote. Wilson also examines the prospects for Europe as a whole of either Lukashenka’s downfall or his survival with Russian support. “Andrew Wilson has done all students of European politics a great service by making the history of Belarus comprehensible and by showing how the future of Belarus might be different than its present.”—Timothy Snyder, author of Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin
Download or read book World Business Directory written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Geopolitical Place of Belarus in Europe and the World written by Valer Bulhakaŭ and published by Fundacja Przestrzeni Obywat. This book was released on 2006 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Belarusian Society 2007 written by Marta Pejda and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book War and Memory in Russia Ukraine and Belarus written by Julie Fedor and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-05 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection contributes to the current vivid multidisciplinary debate on East European memory politics and the post-communist instrumentalization and re-mythologization of World War II memories. The book focuses on the three Slavic countries of post-Soviet Eastern Europe – Russia, Ukraine and Belarus – the epicentre of Soviet war suffering, and the heartland of the Soviet war myth. The collection gives insight into the persistence of the Soviet commemorative culture and the myth of the Great Patriotic War in the post-Soviet space. It also demonstrates that for geopolitical, cultural, and historical reasons the political uses of World War II differ significantly across Ukraine, Russia and Belarus, with important ramifications for future developments in the region and beyond. The chapters 'Introduction: War and Memory in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus', ‘From the Trauma of Stalinism to the Triumph of Stalingrad: The Toponymic Dispute over Volgograd’ and 'The “Partisan Republic”: Colonial Myths and Memory Wars in Belarus' are published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com. The chapter 'Memory, Kinship, and Mobilization of the Dead: The Russian State and the “Immortal Regiment” Movement' is published open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
Download or read book Belarusian Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics Chemistry and Application of Nanostructures written by Viktor Evgen?evich Borisenko and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents invited reviews and original short notes of recent results obtained in studies concerning the fabrication and application of nanostructures, which hold great promise for the next generation of electronic, optoelectronic and energy conversion devices. Covering exciting and relatively new topics such as fast-progressing nanoelectronics and optoelectronics, molecular electronics and spintronics, nanophotonics, nanosensorics and nanoenergetics as well as nanotechnology and quantum processing of information, this book gives readers a more complete understanding of the practical uses of nanotechnology and nanostructures.
Download or read book Belarus in Crisis written by Paul Hansbury and published by Hurst Publishers. This book was released on 2023-04-14 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2020, mass anti-government protests erupted across Belarus. The brutal crackdown that followed shocked the international community: the authorities arrested tens of thousands of citizens, shut down independent media and NGOs, and fomented a migrant crisis on the European Union’s border. But where many thought Belarus’s dictator, Alyaksandr Lukashenka, would fall, he instead turned to Moscow for support, intensifying repression. Many of his opponents fled the country. Then, in February 2022, Belarus provided a staging area for Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, allowing troops and missile systems to be based on its territory as large-scale war returned to Eastern Europe once again. Many outsiders now view Belarus as little more than a Russian military district, rather than a sovereign country. Paul Hansbury offers a wide-ranging account of these two related crises. Exploring the domestic origins of Belarus’s political chaos and its international ramifications, he also assesses the effectiveness of western sanctions policy, as well as considering the history and prospects of Belarusian statehood. Does Belarus have a future as an independent polity? And how has Russia’s war with Ukraine affected Belarusians’ views of their dictatorship and the cause of democracy in their country?
Download or read book Processing and Properties of Advanced Ceramics and Composites written by Narottam P. Bansal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-05-20 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A valuable reference for those interested in innovative approaches to the synthesis and processing of ceramics and composites, as well as their properties. Twenty-two papers describing the latest developments in the areas of combustion synthesis, microwave processing, reaction forming, polymer processing, chemical vapor deposition, electrophoresis, spark plasma sintering, mechanical amorphization, thin films, composites, and more are included in this volume.
Download or read book Wholesale and Retail Trade U S A written by Arsen Darnay and published by Gale Cengage. This book was released on 1998-11 with total page 1208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now, statistical data on more than 130 types of wholesalers and retailers are available in this work which includes information on more than 6000 top public and private companies ranked by SIC; key company statistical profiles for each SIC; and maps showing states with greatest activity per SIC.
Download or read book Tourist Mosaic of Belarus written by Александр Локотко and published by Litres. This book was released on 2022-05-15 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 52 local districts of comprehensive historical and cultural heritage are considered. They were pointed out for the first time in scientific practice on the basis of analysis of peculiarities of natural and landscape environment, system of settlements, communications, development of settlements, traditional material and spiritual culture of all regions of the republic. The maps of local historical and cultural territories are provided. The prospective tourist routes (land, water, etc.) are proposed in the described local districts of comprehensive historical and cultural heritage on the basis of the existing natural components, preserved monuments and relics of architecture, history, national art of building, ethnography, and museums in operation. Offers and recommendations how to preserve and use the objects of historical and cultural heritage of small towns and historical rural settlements of Belarus are provided.Names of places on skeleton maps have been made in accordance with International cartographic rules and they could be different from corresponding ones in the text.
