Download or read book The Cost of Government Interventions Past and Present written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to ongoing financial turmoil that began in the subprime mortgagebacked securities market, the federal government has intervened with private corporations on a large scale and in an ad hoc manner three times from the beginning of 2008 through September 19, 2008. The firms affected were Bear Stearns, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and AIG. Another large investment bank, Lehman Brothers, sought government intervention, but none was forthcoming; subsequently, the firm sought bankruptcy protection. These interventions have prompted questions regarding the taxpayer costs and the sources of funding. The sources of funding are relatively straightforward, the Federal Reserve (Fed) and the U.S. Treasury. The costs, however, are difficult to quantify at this stage. In the most recent interventions (Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and AIG), all the lending that is possible under the interventions has yet to occur. Also, in all the current cases, the government has received significant debt and equity considerations from the private firms. At this point, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and AIG are essentially owned by the federal government. Depending on the proceeds from the debt and equity considerations, the federal government may very well end up seeing a positive fiscal contribution from the recent interventions, as was the case in some of the past interventions summarized in the tables at the end of this report. The government may also suffer significant losses, as has also occurred in the past. This report will be updated as warranted by legislative and market events.
Download or read book The Cost of Government Financial Interventions Past and Present written by Baird Webel and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cost of Government Financial Interventions Past and Present written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most of the interventions, all the financial outflows that are possible have yet to occur, and the ultimate value of the debt and equity considerations received from the private firms is uncertain. [...] Depending on the final proceeds from the various debt and equity considerations, the federal government may end up seeing a positive fiscal contribution from the recent interventions, as was the case in some of the past interventions summarized in the tables at the end of this report. [...] The Fed has the authority under its founding statute to loan money "in unusual and exigent circumstances" to "any individual, partnership, or corporation" provided five members of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve system agree.1. [...] Because the profits of the Fed are overwhelmingly remitted to the Treasury, the indirect source of the funds is the Treasury. [...] In the case of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the direct source of funding is the Treasury, pursuant to the statutory authority granted in the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008.3.
Download or read book The Cost of Governmental Financial Interventions Past and Present written by Baird Webel and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Trials of Health Interventions written by Peter G. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Before new interventions are released into disease control programmes, it is essential that they are carefully evaluated in field trials'. These may be complex and expensive undertakings, requiring the follow-up of hundreds, or thousands, of individuals, often for long periods. Descriptions of the detailed procedures and methods used in the trials that have been conducted have rarely been published. A consequence of this, individuals planning such trials have few guidelines available and little access to knowledge accumulated previously, other than their own. In this manual, practical issues in trial design and conduct are discussed fully and in sufficient detail, that Field Trials of Health Interventions may be used as a toolbox' by field investigators. It has been compiled by an international group of over 30 authors with direct experience in the design, conduct, and analysis of field trials in low and middle income countries and is based on their accumulated knowledge and experience. Available as an open access book via Oxford Medicine Online, this new edition is a comprehensive revision, incorporating the new developments that have taken place in recent years with respect to trials, including seven new chapters on subjects ranging from trial governance, and preliminary studies to pilot testing.
Download or read book The Future of Public Health written by Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Nation has lost sight of its public health goals and has allowed the system of public health to fall into 'disarray'," from The Future of Public Health. This startling book contains proposals for ensuring that public health service programs are efficient and effective enough to deal not only with the topics of today, but also with those of tomorrow. In addition, the authors make recommendations for core functions in public health assessment, policy development, and service assurances, and identify the level of government--federal, state, and local--at which these functions would best be handled.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 4 written by Vikram Patel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders are common, highly disabling, and associated with significant premature mortality. The impact of these disorders on the social and economic well-being of individuals, families, and societies is large, growing, and underestimated. Despite this burden, these disorders have been systematically neglected, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, with pitifully small contributions to scaling up cost-effective prevention and treatment strategies. Systematically compiling the substantial existing knowledge to address this inequity is the central goal of this volume. This evidence-base can help policy makers in resource-constrained settings as they prioritize programs and interventions to address these disorders.
Download or read book Government Interventions in Response to Financial Turmoil written by Baird Webel and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Contents: (1) Intro.: Estimating the Costs of Gov¿t. Interventions; (2) Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP): Capital Purchase Program and Capital Assistance Program; Home Affordable Modification Program; U.S. Automakers; (3) Federal Reserve: Term Auction Facility; Term Securities Lending Facility; Primary Dealer Credit Facility; Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility; Central Bank Liquidity Swaps; Bear Stearns; (4) FDIC: Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program; (5) U.S. Dept. of the Treasury: Money Market Mutual Fund Guarantee Program; (6) Joint Interventions: Public Private Investment Program: Legacy Loan Program; Legacy Securities Program; AIG; Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; Citigroup; Bank of America. Charts and tables.
Download or read book Individual and Social Responsibility written by Victor R. Fuchs and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does government spend too little or too much on child care? How can education dollars be spent more efficiently? Should government's role in medical care increase or decrease? In this volume, social scientists, lawyers, and a physician explore the political, social, and economic forces that shape policies affecting human services. Four in-depth studies of human-service sectors—child care, education, medical care, and long-term care for the elderly—are followed by six cross-sector studies that stimulate new ways of thinking about human services through the application of economic theory, institutional analysis, and the history of social policy. The contributors include Kenneth J. Arrow, Martin Feldstein, Victor Fuchs, Alan M. Garber, Eric A. Hanushek, Christopher Jencks, Seymour Martin Lipset, Glenn Loury, Roger G. Noll, Paul M. Romer, Amartya Sen, and Theda Skocpol. This timely study sheds important light on the tension between individual and social responsibility, and will appeal to economists and other social scientists and policymakers concerned with social policy issues.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-02 with total page 1449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
Download or read book Taxation Past Present and Future written by William Lucas Sargant and published by London and Edinburgh, Williams & Norgate. This book was released on 1874 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Governmental Intervention in the Market Mechanism the Petroleum Industry Complainants views written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Governmental Intervention in the Market Mechanism the Petroleum Industry written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 1932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews economic impact of Federal regulations on the petroleum industry. Focuses on crude oil supplies, domestic competition, restrictions on less expensive foreign crude oil imports, the need to maintain higher domestic prices as development incentive and regional allocation inequities, especially in the Northeast.
Download or read book Evidence Based Medicine and the Changing Nature of Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-09-06 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the work of the Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine, the 2007 IOM Annual Meeting assessed some of the rapidly occurring changes in health care related to new diagnostic and treatment tools, emerging genetic insights, the developments in information technology, and healthcare costs, and discussed the need for a stronger focus on evidence to ensure that the promise of scientific discovery and technological innovation is efficiently captured to provide the right care for the right patient at the right time. As new discoveries continue to expand the universe of medical interventions, treatments, and methods of care, the need for a more systematic approach to evidence development and application becomes increasingly critical. Without better information about the effectiveness of different treatment options, the resulting uncertainty can lead to the delivery of services that may be unnecessary, unproven, or even harmful. Improving the evidence-base for medicine holds great potential to increase the quality and efficiency of medical care. The Annual Meeting, held on October 8, 2007, brought together many of the nation's leading authorities on various aspects of the issues - both challenges and opportunities - to present their perspectives and engage in discussion with the IOM membership.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 1 written by Haile T. Debas and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-03-23 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Surgery is part of a nine volume series for Disease Control Priorities which focuses on health interventions intended to reduce morbidity and mortality. The Essential Surgery volume focuses on four key aspects including global financial responsibility, emergency procedures, essential services organization and cost analysis.
Download or read book Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors written by Alan D. Lopez and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-02 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategic health planning, the cornerstone of initiatives designed to achieve health improvement goals around the world, requires an understanding of the comparative burden of diseases and injuries, their corresponding risk factors and the likely effects of invervention options. The Global Burden of Disease framework, originally published in 1990, has been widely adopted as the preferred method for health accounting and has become the standard to guide the setting of health research priorities. This publication sets out an updated assessment of the situation, with an analysis of trends observed since 1990 and a chapter on the sensitivity of GBD estimates to various sources of uncertainty in methods and data.
Download or read book Health System Efficiency written by Jonathan Cylus and published by Health Policy. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the authors explore the state of the art on efficiency measurement in health systems and international experts offer insights into the pitfalls and potential associated with various measurement techniques. The authors show that: - The core idea of efficiency is easy to understand in principle - maximizing valued outputs relative to inputs, but is often difficult to make operational in real-life situations - There have been numerous advances in data collection and availability, as well as innovative methodological approaches that give valuable insights into how efficiently health care is delivered - Our simple analytical framework can facilitate the development and interpretation of efficiency indicators.
