Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of molecules found throughout the world's oceans. It plays a key role in the export, distribution, and sequestration of carbon in the oceanic water column, posited to be a source of atmospheric climate regulation. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, focuses on the chemical constituents of DOM and its biogeochemical, biological, and ecological significance in the global ocean, and provides a single, unique source for the references, information, and informed judgments of the community of marine biogeochemists. Presented by some of the world's leading scientists, this revised edition reports on the major advances in this area and includes new chapters covering the role of DOM in ancient ocean carbon cycles, the long term stability of marine DOM, the biophysical dynamics of DOM, fluvial DOM qualities and fate, and the Mediterranean Sea. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, is an extremely useful resource that helps people interested in the largest pool of active carbon on the planet (DOC) get a firm grounding on the general paradigms and many of the relevant references on this topic. Features up-to-date knowledge of DOM, including five new chapters The only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the Mediterranean Sea Includes chapters that address inputs from freshwater terrestrial DOM

Download or read book The Characterisation of Dissolved Organic Matter DOM written by Declan Page and published by . This book was released on 2010-04 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in the Physicochemical Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter written by Fernando Rosario-Ortiz and published by ACS Symposium. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has fascinated scientists and engineers for at least 60 years - from the initial efforts focused on measuring the concentrations of carbon in marine and aquatic systems, to the discovery of the role of DOM in the formation of disinfection byproducts, all the way to the new emphasis on the detailed understanding of the different functional groups and basic structural features which are the basis for the physicochemical properties of the material. After 50 years of work in the area, there are still many questions regarding DOM. The study of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has fascinated researchers in different fields of science and engineering for many decades. The impact that DOM has on a wide array of environmental processes has resulted in the development of a multidisciplinary community of researchers all focusing on using different analytical techniques and experimental design to better understand DOM. This book offers select case studies focusing on the advanced characterization of DOM in different environments and with respect to different processes. It results from the conclusion of a symposium that E. M. Thurman and I had organized for the 245th meeting of the American Chemical Society, which was held on April 7-11, 2013 in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Download or read book Polarity related Molecular Characterization of marine Dissolved Organic Matter DOM written by Marc Einsporn and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geochemistry written by William M. White and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-24 with total page 1680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia is a complete and authoritative reference work for this rapidly evolving field. Over 200 international scientists, each experts in their specialties, have written over 330 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including geochemical thermodynamics and kinetics, isotope and organic geochemistry, meteorites and cosmochemistry, the carbon cycle and climate, trace elements, geochemistry of high and low temperature processes, and ore deposition, to name just a few. The geochemical behavior of the elements is described as is the state of the art in analytical geochemistry. Each topic incorporates cross-referencing to related articles, and also has its own reference list to lead the reader to the essential articles within the published literature. The entries are arranged alphabetically, for easy access, and the subject and citation indices are comprehensive and extensive. Geochemistry applies chemical techniques and approaches to understanding the Earth and how it works. It touches upon almost every aspect of earth science, ranging from applied topics such as the search for energy and mineral resources, environmental pollution, and climate change to more basic questions such as the Earth’s origin and composition, the origin and evolution of life, rock weathering and metamorphism, and the pattern of ocean and mantle circulation. Geochemistry allows us to assign absolute ages to events in Earth’s history, to trace the flow of ocean water both now and in the past, trace sediments into subduction zones and arc volcanoes, and trace petroleum to its source rock and ultimately the environment in which it formed. The earliest of evidence of life is chemical and isotopic traces, not fossils, preserved in rocks. Geochemistry has allowed us to unravel the history of the ice ages and thereby deduce their cause. Geochemistry allows us to determine the swings in Earth’s surface temperatures during the ice ages, determine the temperatures and pressures at which rocks have been metamorphosed, and the rates at which ancient magma chambers cooled and crystallized. The field has grown rapidly more sophisticated, in both analytical techniques that can determine elemental concentrations or isotope ratios with exquisite precision and in computational modeling on scales ranging from atomic to planetary.

Download or read book Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter DOM to Help Optimize Drinking Water Treatment written by Marc-André Philibert and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence written by Paula G. Coble and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.

Download or read book The Characterisation of Antarctic Dissolved Organic Matter written by Sahar Farzadnia and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study of the chemical structure of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has always been of great interest due to its contribution to global carbon cycle and its recognition as a source marker. Fulvic acids are a complicated mixture of organic compounds accounting for about half of Natural Organic Matter (NOM) in fresh water and 15-20 % of the NOM in marine waters. Fulvic acid composition and structure varies depending on the geographic locations and sources of inputs, but it is generally believed that it consists of weak aliphatic and aromatic organic acids soluble in water at all pH conditions. Chemical characterisation of fulvic material from the Antarctic with its cold climate and absence of higher order plants has the advantage of simpler mixture contribution and pure microbial input to the DOM. This relative simplicity helps facilitate the data interpretation and speculating origin and formation pathways of Antarctic fulvic acids. In this study, we have comprehensively examined fulvic acids from two different areas in Antarctica. Pony Lake fulvic acid (PLFA) from McMurdo Sound area, Western Antarctica as IHSS Standard Reference fulvic acid and three other fulvic acids from Vestfold Hills, Eastern Antarctica were chosen as samples. For the first time these fulvic acids were analysed using a range of derivatisation methods coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. These methods complemented each other to demonstrate the broad range of components present in these complex fulvic acids. Our findings indicated the presence of various chemical components (apart from carbohydrates and sugars); many of which have not been previously reported in fulvic acids; they mainly include aliphatic linear and branched carboxylic acids, fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated), heterocyclic nitrogen-containing compounds, aromatics and terpenoids. Our results are the first report of the presence of unbroken tricyclic terpenoids among the products of three out of four fulvic acids tabulated. It also highlighted the feasibility of characterisation of DOM using gas chromatography without the need for depolymerisation using hydrolysis or other harsh treatments. Our results also showed that using a fractionation step prior to gas chromatography can assist with providing additional information regarding molecular-level analysis of Antarctic fulvic acid as an important aquatic microbial end-member DOM. Furthermore, fractionation clearly revealed the presence of micelle-like structure in Antarctic fulvic materials supporting the theory of supramolecular structures for Humic substances.

Download or read book Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter DOM in Southeastern North Carolina Rainwater written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Characterization and Source Identification of Dissolved Organic Matter DOM in the Tha Chin River Basin by Fluorescence Spectroscopy written by Supakit Jewcharoen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Linking Optical and Chemical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter in Natural Waters written by Christopher L. Osburn and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantial increase in the number of studies using the optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a proxy for its chemical properties in estuaries and the coastal and open ocean has occurred during the last decade. We are making progress on finding the actual chemical compounds or phenomena responsible for DOM’s optical properties. Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry, in particular, has made important progress in making the key connections between optics and chemistry. But serious questions remain and the last major special issue on DOM optics and chemistry occurred nearly 10 years ago. Controversies remain from the non-specific optical properties of DOM that are not linked to discrete sources, and sometimes provide conflicting information. The use of optics, which is relatively easier to employ in synoptic and high resolution sampling to determine chemistry, is a critical connection to make and can lead to major advances in our understanding of organic matter cycling in all aquatic ecosystems. The contentions and controversies raised by our poor understanding of the linkages between optics and chemistry of DOM are bottlenecks that need to be addressed and overcome.

Download or read book Chemical Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter DOM in Seawater written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Funding for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation (OCE-981 8654) and the Department of Energy (DEFG0200ERG62999). Student support was also provided by a National Science Foundation Graduate Student Fellowship.

Download or read book Chemical Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter DOM in Seawater written by Tracy Michelle Quan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) This new separation protocol utilized various chromatographic techniques, including cation exchange chromatography and high- pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using C18 and strong cation exchange (SCX) columns. Six amino acids were isolated from a HMWDOM sample with sufficient purity and quantity for radiocarbon analysis. These amino acids had a range of A'4C values, from 121%o to -454%o. The final section investigates biological controls on the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) pool. Total hydrolyzable amino acids (THAA), and nucleic acids were measured for four incubations: a control incubation, a grazer added incubation, a zero virus incubation, and a 10 times virus incubation. Comparison to the control showed THAA and nucleic acid release were influenced by viruses but not grazers.

Download or read book Soil and Water Pollution Monitoring Protection and Remediation written by Irena Twardowska and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-30 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the state-of-the art in early warning monitoring of anthropogenic pollution of soil and water. It is unique with regard to its complex, multidisciplinary, mechanistic approach. Top scientists establish links and strengthen weak connections between specific fields in biology, microbiology, chemistry, biochemistry, toxicology, sensoristics, soil science and hydrogeology.

Download or read book Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter DOM and Its Stabilization in Forest Soil written by Yuriko Yano and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in transport of C and essential nutrients such as N, P and S. DOM is also critical for the formation of soil organic matter (SOM), which is the largest terrestrial C pool. Nonetheless, we lack a basic understanding of what controls immobilization and mobilization of DOM. I conducted a parallel laboratory and field study to examine: 1) the effect of litter quality on DOM chemistry, and 2) the effect of DOM chemistry on immobilization in the mineral soil. For field study, an ongoing long-term manipulation of litter inputs (Double Litter=doubled annual leaf litter inputs; Double Wood=doubled woody litter inputs; and Control= normal litter inputs) in a Douglas-fir old-growth forest in the Pacific Northwest was chosen. In the lab study, degree of litter decomposition strongly influenced the chemical composition of the water extracts. For both needle and wood extracts, the hydrophobic acid fraction increased and the hydrophilic neutral fraction decreased from newly-fallen to well-decomposed DOC sources. Contrary to the laboratory results, no difference was found in composition of the 0-horizon leachate among Double Litter, Double Wood and Control treatments after 4 years of litter manipulation, in spite of significant differences in total C, total N and C:N ratios of the 0-horizon material. Possibly, microbial degradation decreased differences in DOM chemistry. Alternately, DOM production from native 0-horizon material may be much greater than from newly added litter. In field and lab studies, the removal of two acid fractions (hydrophobic and hydrophilic acids) accounted for most of the total DOC decrease. Because the hydrophobic neutral fraction was little sorbed, ligand exchange rather than hydrophobic interaction was suggested to be the major mechanism of DOM sorption. Concentrations of DOM in incoming water and DOM removal were positively correlated with a slope of ~1.0 and negative intercept regardless of season and %hydrophilic neutral, the most biodegradable fraction, of incoming DOM, suggesting that the removal was mainly abiotic (sorption) and that there was constant net release of DOM from the soil layers independent of sorption.

Download or read book Organic geochemistry of natural waters written by E.M. Thurman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1985-04-30 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written as a reference on organic substances in natural waters and as a supplementary text for graduate students in water chemistry. The chapters address five topics: amount, origin, nature, geochemistry, and characterization of organic carbon. Of these topics, the main themes are the amount and nature of dissolved organic carbon in natural waters (mainly fresh water, although seawater is briefly discussed). It is hoped that the reader is familiar with organic chemistry, but it is not necessary. The first part of the book is a general overview of the amount and general nature of dissolved organic carbon. Over the past 10 years there has been an exponential increase in knowledge on organic substances in water, which is the result of money directed toward the research of organic compounds, of new methods of analysis (such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry), and most importantly, the result of more people working in this field. Because of this exponential increase in knowledge, there is a need to pull together and summarize the data that has accumulated from many disciplines over the last decade.

Download or read book Microbial Utilization and Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter in Aquatic Environments from Streams to the Deep Ocean written by Johanna Sjöstedt and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: