Download or read book The Cash Flow Return and Risk Characteristics of Private Equity written by Alexander Ljungqvist and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a unique dataset of private equity funds over the last two decades, this paper analyzes the cash flow, return, and risk characteristics of private equity. Unlike previous studies, we have detailed cash flow data for each fund, rather than aggregate or accounting returns. We also know the exact timing of investments and capital returns to investors and the number and types ofcompanies each fund invested in. We document the draw down and capital return schedules for the typical private equity fund, and show that it takes several years for capital to be invested, and over ten years for capital to be returned to generate excess returns. We provide several determining factors for these schedules, including existing investment opportunities and competition amongst private equity funds. In terms of performance, we document that private equity generates excess returns on the order of five to eight percent per annum relative to the aggregate public equity market. Moreover, while we estimate the betas of the private equity funds portfolios to be greater than one, we show that on a risk-adjusted basis the excess value of the typical private equity fund is on the order of 24 percent relative to the present value of the invested capital. One interpretation of this magnitude is that it represents compensation for holding a 10-year illiquid investment.

Download or read book European Private Equity Funds a Cash Flow Based Performance Analysis written by Christoph Kaserer and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a cash flow based analysis of the return and risk characteristics of European Private Equity Funds. For that purpose a comprehensive data set has been provided by Thomson Venture Economics. We document the typical time pattern of cash flows for European private equity funds. Specifically, it is recorded that the average European private equity fund draws down 23% of total committed capital on the vintage date; within the first three years 60% of the total commitment is draw down. It turned out that limited partners on average get back the money invested slightly after 7 years.Over the time period from 1980 to June 2003, we calculate various performance measures. For that purpose we use only liquidated funds or funds with a small residual net asset value. Under this restriction one specific data set consists of 200 funds. We document a cash flow based IRR of 12.7% and an average excess-IRR of 4.5% relative to the MSCI Europe equity index. In order to circumvent the problems associated with the IRR-approach we focus on the alternative public market equivalent approach. There it is assumed that cash flows generated by a private equity fund are reinvested in a public market benchmark index. We record an average PME of 0.96 and a value-weighted average PME of 1.04.Based on the PME-approach we develop a viable methodology to estimate the return and risk characteristics of European private equity funds and the correlation structure to public markets. As a benchmark index we used the MSCI Europe Equity Index as well as the J.P. Morgan Government Bond Index. Over the period 1980-2003 private equity funds generated an overperformance with respect to the bond index and two of our three samples an underperformance with respect to the equity index. Over the period 1989-2003 private equity funds generated an overperformance with respect to both indexes.Finally, we analyze to what extent performance measures are associated with specific funds characteristics, like size, payback period and vintage year, respectively. While the payback period and the vintage year seem to have a statistically significant influence on a fund's performance, the results with respect to size are inconclusive.

Download or read book Private Equity written by Harold Kent Baker and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past few decades, private equity (PE) has attracted considerable attention from investors, practitioners, and academicians. In fact, a substantial literature on PE has emerged. PE offers benefits for institutional and private wealth management clients including diversification and enhancement of risk-adjusted returns. However, several factors such as liquidity concerns, regulatory restrictions, and the lack of transparency limit the attractiveness of some PE options to investors. The latest volume in the Financial Markets and Investments Series, Private Equity: Opportunities and Risks offers a synthesis of the theoretical and empirical literature on PE in both emerging and developed markets. Editors H. Kent Baker, Greg Filbeck, Halil Kiymaz and their co-authors examine PE and provide important insights about topics such as major types of PE (venture capital, leveraged buyouts, mezzanine capital, and distressed debt investments), how PE works, performance and measurement, uses and structure, and trends in the market. Readers can gain an in-depth understanding about PE from academics and practitioners from around the world. Private Equity: Opportunities and Risks provides a fresh look at the intriguing yet complex subject of PE. A group of experts takes readers through the core topics and issues of PE, and also examines the latest trends and cutting-edge developments in the field. The coverage extends from discussing basic concepts and their application to increasingly complex and real-world situations. This new and intriguing examination of PE is essential reading for anyone hoping to gain a better understanding of PE, from seasoned professionals to those aspiring to enter the demanding world of finance.

Download or read book The Cash Flow Return and Risk Characterstics of Private Equity written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mastering Private Equity written by Claudia Zeisberger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive guide to private equity for investors and finance professionals Mastering Private Equity was written with a professional audience in mind and provides a valuable and unique reference for investors, finance professionals, students and business owners looking to engage with private equity firms or invest in private equity funds. From deal sourcing to exit, LBOs to responsible investing, operational value creation to risk management, the book systematically distils the essence of private equity into core concepts and explains in detail the dynamics of venture capital, growth equity and buyout transactions. With a foreword by Henry Kravis, Co-Chairman and Co-CEO of KKR, and special guest comments by senior PE professionals. This book combines insights from leading academics and practitioners and was carefully structured to offer: A clear and concise reference for the industry expert A step-by-step guide for students and casual observers of the industry A theoretical companion to the INSEAD case book Private Equity in Action: Case Studies from Developed and Emerging Markets Features guest comments by senior PE professionals from the firms listed below: Abraaj • Adams Street Partners • Apax Partners • Baring PE Asia • Bridgepoint • The Carlyle Group • Coller Capital • Debevoise & Plimpton LLP • FMO • Foundry Group • Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer • General Atlantic • ILPA • Intermediate Capital Group • KKR Capstone • LPEQ • Maxeda • Navis Capital • Northleaf Capital • Oaktree Capital • Partners Group • Permira • Terra Firma

Download or read book The cash flow return and risk charasteristics of private equity written by Alexander Ljungqvist and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Private Equity 4 0 written by Benoît Leleux and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Private equity is more economically significant than ever, as institutions hunt for high returns in a risky world. Private Equity 4.0 examines the role, workings and contribution of this important industry in a straightforward yet revealing manner.” Dr. Josh Lerner Jacob H. Schiff Professor of Investment Banking Chair, Entrepreneurial Management Unit Harvard Business School A multi-perspective look at private equity's inner workings Private Equity 4.0 provides an insider perspective on the private equity industry, and analyzes the fundamental evolution of the private equity asset class over the past 30 years, from alternative to mainstream. The book provides insightful interviews of key industry figures, and case studies of some of the success stories in the industry. It also answers key questions related to strategy, fund manager selection, incentive mechanisms, performance comparison, red flags in prospectuses, and more. Private Equity 4.0 offers guidance for the many stakeholders that could benefit from a more complete understanding of this special area of finance. Understand the industry's dominant business models Discover how value is created and performance measured Perform a deep dive into the ecosystem of professionals that make the industry hum, including the different incentive systems that support the industry's players Elaborate a clear set of guidelines to invest in the industry and deliver better performance Written by a team of authors that combine academic and industry expertise to produce a well-rounded perspective, this book details the inner workings of private equity and gives readers the background they need to feel confident about committing to this asset class. Coverage includes a historical perspective on the business models of the three major waves of private equity leading to today's 4.0 model, a detailed analysis of the industry today, as well as reflections on the future of private equity and prospective futures. It also provides readers with the analytical and financial tools to analyze a fund's performance, with clear explanations of the mechanisms, organizations, and individuals that make the system work. The authors demystify private equity by providing a balanced, but critical, review of its contributions and shortcomings and moving beyond the simplistic journalistic descriptions. Its ecosystem is complex and not recognizing that complexity leads to inappropriate judgments. Because of its assumed opacity and some historical deviant (and generally transient) practices, it has often been accused of evil intents, making it an ideal scapegoat in times of economic crisis, prodding leading politicians and regulators to intervene and demand changes in practices. Unfortunately, such actors were often responding to public calls for action rather than a thorough understanding of the factors at play in this complex interdependent system, doing often more harm than good in the process and depriving economies of one of their most dynamic and creative forces. Self-regulation has clearly shown its limits, but righteous political interventions even more so. Private equity investment can be a valuable addition to many portfolios, but investors need a clear understanding of the forces at work before committing to this asset class. With detailed explanations and expert insights, Private Equity 4.0 is a comprehensive guide to the industry ways and means that enables the reader to capture its richness and sustainability.

Download or read book J Curve Exposure written by Pierre-Yves Mathonet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-31 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the success of the author’s previous book Beyond the J Curve:Managing a Portfolio of Venture Capital and Private Equity Funds, this work covers new and additional material and offers advanced guidance on the practical questions faced by institutions when setting up and managing a successful private equity investment programme. Written from the practitioner’s viewpoint, the book offers private equity and venture capital professionals an advanced guide that will make high return targets more realistic and sustainable. Factors that can sometimes cause institutions to shy away from venture capital are the industry’s opaque track record, unclear valuations and risks, perceived lack of transparency as well as the significant entry barriers to overcome before tangible results show. These issues are all addressed in details with practical solutions to the problems. Among other topics J-Curve Exposure includes discussions of: Experiences with the adoption of the International Private Equity and Venture Capital Valuation Guidelines to address fair value under IFRS. Approaches for splitting and prioritizing distributions from private equity funds. Techniques for track record analysis and other tools to help limited partners in their due diligence. Approaches to dealing with uncertainty, the relevance of real options, and co-investments and side funds as advanced portfolio management techniques. Questions related to limited partner decision making fallacies and how to manage portfolios of VC funds. Securitization backed by portfolios of investments in private equity funds. Real life case studies illustrate the issues relevant for the practitioner.

Download or read book Private Equity written by Douglas Cumming and published by John Wiley and Sons. This book was released on 2009-12-31 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive look at the private equity arena With private equity differing from other asset classes, it requires a whole new approach for those trained in more traditional investments such as stocks and bonds. But with the right guidance, you can gain a firm understanding of everything private equity has to offer. This reliable resource provides a comprehensive view of private equity by describing the current state of research and best practices in this arena. Issues addressed include the structure of private equity funds and fundraising, the financial and real returns of private equity, and the structure of private equity investments with investees, to name a few. Discusses the role of private equity in today's financial environment Provides international perspectives on private equity Details the regulation of private equity markets Filled with in-depth insights and expert advice, this book will provide you with a better understanding of private equity structures and put you in a better position to measure and analyze their performance.

Download or read book Risk and Return of Private Equity written by Ludovic Phalippou and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I cover the different methods to measure risk and return of investing into private equity (also called buyout). However, the reader may bear in mind that the challenges and methods are very similar for other assets classes such as venture capital, real estate or mezzanine. In terms of vocabulary, I call a (portfolio) company the entity receiving the financing from a private equity fund, and private equity firm the organization running private equity funds (e.g. KKR funds, Bain capital funds). The capital committed to private equity funds increased from $3.5 billion in 1984 to over $300 billion in 2007 and more than $1 trillion of assets are estimated to be in the hand of private equity funds in 2007. This growth has often been attributed to a widespread belief of stellar performance and low risk but no rate of return has even been shown in support of this belief (only some multiples or IRRs) and no risk measure has been computed. Recent academic evidence which I document below is at odd with this belief.In this chapter, I review studies of risk and return of private equity which I complement with original empirical work. I distinguish between four types of data. Each represents a different level of challenge for measuring risk and return. From the easiest to the most difficult: i) publicly traded vehicles, ii) round valuation data [the econometrician knows the initial and final value of the investment but does not know the time-series of investment values; there is no intermediary cash-flows], iii) investment level [cash flows realized by the fund from an investment], and iv) fund level [cash flows faced by investors for their stake in a fund]. In the last two cases, the econometrician does not have a correspondence between each amount distributed and invested. These two cases require the same method, are most challenging and are the most relevant in practice.

Download or read book Private Equity written by Paul Gompers and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ’Private Equity’ is an advanced applied corporate finance book with a mixture of chapters devoted to exploring a range of topics from a private equity investor’s perspective. The goal is to understand why and which practices are likely to deliver sustained profitability in the future. The book is a collection of cases based on actual investment decisions at different stages for process tackled by experienced industry professionals. The majority of the chapters deal with growth equity and buyout investments. However, a range of size targets and investments in different geographical markets are covered as well. These markets include several developed economies and emerging markets like China, Russia, Turkey, Egypt and Argentina. This compilation of cases is rich in institutional details, information about different markets, and segments of the industry as well as different players and their investment practices – it is a unique insight into the key alternative asset class.

Download or read book Performance of Private Equity Funds written by Taro Niggemann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-09-20 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1.0, Otto Beisheim School of Management Vallendar, course: Doppeldiplomprogramm WHU Koblenz / EM Lyon, language: English, abstract: Private equity is currently replacing hedge funds as the most observed asset class. And while mutual funds experience a decline of assets under management, buyout funds break all records as far as fund raising is concerned. The attractiveness of buyout funds among investors is often attributed to superior returns and to an allegedly lower correlation with other asset classes. However, buyout fund returns also show superior volatility. In addition to that risk factor, investors must face liquidity and transparency risk. It is common agreement that investors are compensated for the elevated risk through a return premium. This and the cited lower correlation prompt more and more investors to add private equity into their portfolios. The wide-spread opinion of superior private equity performance is backed by several studies. But the analysis of these studies reveal that a number of them employ methodologies which are disapproved of by experts on theoretical private equity performance measurement. Furthermore, some have a one-sided notion of financial performance. Benchmarking, risk and correlation data which are crucial for an overall performance assessment often lack. The analysis of a series of technically appropriate, objective studies shows that private equity has historically outperformed public equity with regard to returns, in Europe more than in the United States (US). What remains unsolved is to which extent this return premium rewards the inherent, additional risk of private equity investments. And what is more certain: the prevalent view on correlation seems to be wrong. Empirical evidence and qualitative analysis speak for high correlation between private equity and the major asset classes. The most important driver for individual fund performance appears to be the quality of fund management. Thereby, specialized teams outperform others. Moreover, specialized funds provide investors better opportunity to diversify their private equity portfolio. Fundraising and investment conditions for private equity funds in France and Germany are favorable, but the accomplishment of superior performance will become harder in the future. The rules of the private equity business are changing as operating leverage has replaced financial leverage as the essential value driver.

Download or read book Risk of Private Equity Fund of Fund Investments A Detailed Cash Flow Based Approach written by Ann-Kristin Achleitner and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fund-of-fund investments in private equity are becoming increasingly popular due to their potential to diversify across several private equity funds. However, due to the illiquidity and opaqueness of private equity markets only limited knowledge is available on the actual risk profile of fund-of-funds. Hence, we aim at contributing to the field by modeling, quantifying, and testing sensitivities of the risks associated with such investments. We design a detailed cash flow model and adopt the value-at-risk approach, which is modified to fit the two most common measures of return, namely internal rate of return (IRR) and multiple. Based on a proprietary data set of historical transactions we simulate fund-of-funds investments. Further, sensitivity analyses of central input parameters show the impact on risk and return. While reducing the management fee and the carried interest would lead to higher returns, increased diversification reduces risk. Based on our model, reducing the current industry standard of 2% management fee and 20% carried interest of private equity funds increases the mean IRR by 4.3 percentage points.

Download or read book Portfolio Strategies of Private Equity Firms written by Ulrich Lossen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-22 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ulrich Lossen explores the trade-off between diversification and specialization in private equity funds. In a first step, he analyzes the influence of external factors on the choice of private equity firms to diversify their portfolios across different dimensions, such as financing stages, industries, and geographic regions. Then, he examines the impact of diversification on private equity funds’ performance.

Download or read book Mastering Private Equity Set written by Claudia Zeisberger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 827 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This set combines the definitive guide to private equity with its case book companion, providing readers with both the tools used by industry professionals and the means to apply them to real-life investment scenarios. 1) Mastering Private Equity was written with a professional audience in mind and provides a valuable and unique reference for investors, finance professionals, students and business owners looking to engage with private equity firms or invest in private equity funds. From deal sourcing to exit, LBOs to responsible investing, operational value creation to risk management, the book systematically distils the essence of private equity into core concepts and explains in detail the dynamics of venture capital, growth equity and buyout transactions. With a foreword by Henry Kravis, Co-Chairman and Co-CEO of KKR, and special guest comments by senior PE professionals. 2) Private Equity in Action takes you on a tour of the private equity investment world through a series of case studies written by INSEAD faculty and taught at the world’s leading business schools. The book is an ideal complement to Mastering Private Equity and allows readersto apply core concepts to investment targets and portfolio companies in real-life settings. The 19 cases illustrate the managerial challenges and risk-reward dynamics common to private equity investment. Written with leading private equity firms and their advisors and rigorously tested in INSEAD's MBA, EMBA and executive education programmes, each case makes for a compelling read.

Download or read book Private Equity in Action written by Claudia Zeisberger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-09 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Best Practice in Private Equity Investing Private Equity in Action takes you on a tour of the private equity investment world through a series of case studies written by INSEAD faculty and taught at the world's leading business schools. The book is an ideal complement to Mastering Private Equity and allows readers to apply core concepts to investment targets and portfolio companies in real-life settings. The 19 cases illustrate the managerial challenges and risk-reward dynamics common to private equity investment. The case studies in this book cover the full spectrum of private equity strategies, including: Carve-outs in the US semiconductor industry (LBO) Venture investing in the Indian wine industry (VC) Investing in SMEs in the Middle East Turnaround situations in both emerging and developed markets Written with leading private equity firms and their advisors and rigorously tested in INSEAD's MBA, EMBA and executive education programmes, each case makes for a compelling read. As one of the world's leading graduate business schools, INSEAD offers a global educational experience. The cases in this volume leverage its international reach, network and connections, particularly in emerging markets. Private Equity in Action is the companion to Mastering Private Equity: Transformation via Venture Capital, Minority Investments & Buyouts, a reference for students, investors, finance professionals and business owners looking to engage with private equity firms. From deal sourcing to exit, LBOs to responsible investing, operational value creation to risk management, Mastering Private Equity systematically covers all facets of the private equity life cycle.

Download or read book Private Equity Demystified written by John Gilligan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-04 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with risk capital provided for established firms outside the stock market, private equity, which has grown rapidly over the last three decades, yet is largely poorly understood. Although it has often been criticized in the public mind as being short termist and having adverse consequences for employment, in reality this is far from the case. Here, John Gilligan and Mike Wright dispel some of the biggest myths and misconceptions about private equity. The book provides a unique and authoritative source from a leading practitioner and academic for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers that explains in detail what private equity involves and reviews systematic evidence of what the impact of private equity has been. Written in a highly accessible style, the book takes the reader through what private equity means, the different actors involved, and issues concerning sourcing, checking out, valuing, and structuring deals. The various themes from the systematic academic evidence are highlighted in numerous summary vignettes placed alongside the text that discuss the practical aspects. The main part of the work concludes with an up-to-date discussion by the authors, informed commentators on the key issues in the lively debate about private equity. The book further contains summary tables of the academic research carried out over the past three decades across the private equity landscape including: the returns to investors, economic performance, impact on R&D and employees, and the longevity and life-cycle of private equity backed deals.