Download or read book The Analysis of Nitro Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Diesel Exhaust and Urban Airborne Particulate Samples microform written by Paul Anthony D'Agostino and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by Lisa C. Bosch and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Urban Airborne Particulate Samples written by Julie-Anne Carroll Marr and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Nitro and Nitro oxy polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by J. Kielhorn and published by Environmental Health Criteria. This book was released on 2003 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Environmental Health Criteria Programme (EHC) evaluates information on the relationship between exposure to environmental pollutants and human health, in order to establish guidelines for setting exposure limits. This publication focuses on the risks posed by exposures to selected nitro-and nitro-oxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitroPAHs). These are derivaties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) which contain two or more fused aromatic rings made of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Download or read book Analysis of Nitrated Polycyclic Hydrocarbons PAH quinones and Related Compounds in Ambient Air written by Yalan Wang and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies were conducted to characterized airborne particulate extractable organic matter (EOM) with respect to chemical composition and biological activity. It has been well established that the nitrated polycyclic hydrocarbons (nitroPAH) are environmental contaminants. To identify nitro-PAH in ambient air sample, a technique was developed involving introduction of a reducer column into an reversephase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. Strong fluorescence signals were achieved from nitro-PAH and detected together with u.v. signals for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of nitro-PAH. 2-Nitrotriptycene was synthesized according to published procedures and used as an internal standard. By use of the above technique, 9nitroanthracene, 1-nitropyrene, 7 -nitrobenz (a) anthracene, 6-nitrochrysene and 6-nitrobenzo(a)pyrene were detected in NBS diesel particulate sample. PAH-quinones may be formed from the appropriate PAH's by their photochemical oxidation in the atmosphere. In this study, an analytical method for the identification of PAH-quinones in airborne particulates was developed. The same HPLC system was employed as that for nitro-PAH. 3,6BaP-dione and 7,8-BaP-dione were identified in both CYC extract and DCM extract of an ambient air sample by using the analytical method developed. Since hydroxynitropyrenes have been identified as making a significant contribution to the mutagenicity of airborne particulate matter, this prompted us to investigate one such compound, 1nitropyren-2-ol. This compound was synthesized according to published procedures. 1-Nitropyren2-ol was detected in one of the ambient air samples and in an NBS diesel particulate sample by using our reverse-phase HPLC system monitoring at 546 nm. To provide more data for estimating the photochemical products of 1nitropyrene, the filters coated with 1nitropyrene were exposed either to sunlight or to u.v. light. The breakdown products were analyzed using HPLC. No 1-nitropyren-2-ol was found in the filters exposed in both ways. Further work is needed to identify the breakdown products.
Download or read book Impact of Diesel Fuel Aromatics on Particulate PAH and Nitro PAH Emissions written by Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology. Efficiency and Alternative Energy Technology Branch and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Nitro organic Compounds in Diesel Engine Exhaust written by John Dane and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory upgraded its ReFUEL engine and vehicle testing facility to speciate unregulated gas-phase emissions. To complement this capability, the laboratory contracted with the Colorado School of Mines (CSM) to study the effects of soy biodiesel fuel and a diesel particle filter (DPF) on emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAH). CSM developed procedures to sample diesel particulate matter (PM) emissions from raw and diluted exhaust, with and without a DPF. They also developed improved procedures for extracting PAH and NPAH from the PM and quantifying them with a gas chromatograph-electron monochromator mass spectrometer. The study found the DPF generally reduced PAH emissions by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude. PAH conversion was lowest for B100, suggesting that PAHs were forming in the DPF. Orders of magnitude reductions were also found for NPAH emissions exiting the DPF.
Download or read book Effects of an Oxidative Catalytic Converter on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon PAH Levels in the Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter written by Tung-Liang Huang and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry for the Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Diesel Particulate Matter written by Mario J. Mena (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particular matter (PM, e.g. soot, dust etc.) of a certain size is known to be hazardous to human health. These particles are small enough to travel through our respiratory system and induce respiratory illness by introducing foreign bodies and toxic chemicals to our systems. For instance, benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), is an example of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) frequently found in or on PM known to have carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are by-products of incomplete combustion such as vehicle emissions. Thus, when PM are airborne, they can interact with semi-volatile molecules such as PAH. In turn, the newly coupled system may penetrate our respiratory system. In addition to PAH, nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs, i.e. 1-nitro-pyrene) are being recognized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a Group 2a compound (probably carcinogenic to humans). This study aims to identify chemical signatures of forest fire and automobile emissions using ratios of PAH and its oxidants, including nitro-PAH, in a variety of media (e.g. soil, soot, PM). Nitro-PAH (NPAHs) are usually found in/on course/fine particular matter at concentrations on the order of 2ng/mL to 200ng/mL (Heidelore et al. 1991, Eiguren-Fernandez et al 2004). Therefore, a very sensitive technique is needed to detect NPAHs in various matrices representative of those found in the environment. This study will use the following PAH ratios to differentiate sources of incomplete combustion: B[a]P to (B[a]P+chrysene; pyrene to B[a]P; fluoranthrene to pyrene; and fluoranthrene to (fluoranthrene+pyrene). As for the NPAH:PAH ratios, the following will be used: 1-nitro-pyrene to pyrene; 6-nitro-chyresene to chrysene; and 6-nitro-benzo[a]pyrene to benzo[a]pyrene. Extractions of PAH will be performed using the accelerated solvent extraction technique. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy will be used to identify and quantify analytes. The results of this study may be used to inform citizens, city planners and lawmakers about the impacts of high-traffic events on human health.
Download or read book Trace Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAHs in Diesel Engine Exhaust Samples with GC MS and GC MS MS written by Lijie Feng and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Environmental Samples written by Harold Egan and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as Biomarkers of Exposure to Diesel Exhaust in Tunnel Workers written by Felix K. Boachie and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel exhaust emissions include levels of volatile organic compounds and particulates that can be harmful to the health of both humans and the environment. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are often associated with particulates and can be absorbed through dermal contact, inhalation or ingestion. Exposures to excess occupational amounts of diesel exhaust have been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer; however, research supporting a possible connection between diesel exhaust and bladder cancer has yet to be agreed upon. The current study measured diesel exhaust exposure of construction workers in the Elbe Tunnel in Hamburg, Germany. The study examined the validity of using urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-HP) as a biomarker of exposure to diesel exhaust by determining a statistical association between levels of 1-HP and the presence of DNA adducts which may contribute to tumor induction. Thirty-five urine samples from construction workers were measured by analyzing the levels of 1-HP in worker's pre- and post-shift urine samples collected over a six week period. Urinary 1-HP was detected using HPLC fluorescence techniques. DNA adduct levels were measured in exfoliated urothelial cells using a 32P-postlabelling assay. Each sample was double-blinded and the identifiers were not released until the results were completed. All thirty-five samples analyzed for urinary 1-HP contained levels below both the ACGIH recommendation of 1 [micro]g/L and the population background level of 0.2 [micro]g/L. The pre- and post-shift data for urinary 1-HP levels showed no statistical significance. There was no observed statistical significant association between urinary 1-HP and DNA adducts. A weak negative association between 1-HP and DNA adducts was observed (Pearson r=-0.313). Due to the variation of the results in this study combined with the lack of additional information concerning confounding data, no conclusions can be made that support the relationship between urinary 1-HP and DNA adduct levels. This study was a precursor to a larger study that will evaluate PAH breathing zone exposure, hand wipes from exposed construction workers, DNA adduct levels and 1-HP levels to find a correlation between cumulative external dose and internal effect. These baseline data will be a precursor to further epidemiological studies that attempt to determine the potential connection between diesel exhaust exposure and risk of bladder cancer.
Download or read book Formation of Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Diesel Particulate Filters Laboratory Experiments and Test bench Measurements written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present dissertation investigated the interaction of soot-adsorbed PAH with NO2 both in laboratory model systems and in real diesel engines exhaust. Scope of the experiments was to explain to which extent modern diesel particulate filters (DPFs) could support the formation of highly toxic and mutagenic nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAH) by nitration of pre-existing PAH. Results demonstrated that NPAH formation is possible and actually occurs depending on the operating conditions. In addition, the use of biofuels in different vehicles was investigated with respect to the effects on NPAH emission. In an EURO V truck and in an EURO V diesel car, NPAH concentrations in the exhaust were not significantly different from those of fossil fuel. In an EURO V otto-cycle car and an the EU III A tractor, emissions from biofuels were sensibly lower.
Download or read book Sampling of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Diesel Exhaust with a Solid phase Extraction Disk written by Xiping Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Analysis of Particulate and Vapor Phase Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Atmospheric Samples Using Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection and Gas Chromotography with Mass Spectrometric Detection microform written by Kathleen P. Duggan and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 2001 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
