Download or read book Exploring the Thalamus written by S. Murray Sherman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-01-02 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus is a group of cells placed centrally in the brain that serve a critical role in controlling how both sensory and motor signals are passed from one part of the cerebral cortex to another. Essentially, all information reaching the cerebral cortex and thus consciousness is relayed through the thalamus. The role of the thalamus in controlling the flow of information (such as visual, auditory, and motor) to the cortex has only recently begun to be understood. This book provides an in-depth look at the function of the thalamus and its role as relayer of information to the cerebral cortex. The authors explore how the thalamus controls messages that are passed to the cortex and they introduce the novel suggestion that the thalamus serves a critical role in controlling how messages pass from one part of the cortex to another. Exploring the Thalamus is a comprehensive, up-to-date reference for researchers. It discusses problems concerning the function and structure of the thalamus and concludes each chapter with thought-provoking questions regarding future research. - Focuses on thalamocortical interrelationships - Discusses important problems concerning the function and structure of the thalamus - Concludes each chapter with thought-provoking questions requiring future research

Download or read book The Thalamus written by Michael M. Halassa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 1325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus is a key structure in the mammalian brain, providing a hub for communication within and across distributed forebrain networks. Research in this area has undergone a revolution in the last decade, with findings that suggest an expanded role for the thalamus in sensory processing, motor control, arousal regulation, and cognition. Moving beyond previous studies of anatomy and cell neurochemistry, scientists have expanded into investigations of cognitive function, and harness new methods and theories of neural computation. This book provides a survey of topics at the cutting edge of this field, covering basic anatomy, evolution, development, physiology and computation. It is also the first book to combine these disciplines in one place, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of thalamus research, and will be an essential resource for students and experts in biology, medicine and computer science.

Download or read book The Cerebral Cortex and Thalamus written by Usrey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is an attempt to cover two gaps in our appreciation of the critical interplay between thalamus and cortex . One is that the tendency in covering these subjects is to treat each in isolation, which overlooks the point that a key to understanding their function is appreciating their essential partnership and interdependence for sensation, action, and cognition"--

Download or read book Functional Connections of Cortical Areas written by S. Murray Sherman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-08-09 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two leading authorities on thalamocortical connections consider how the neural circuits of the brain relate to our actions and perceptions. In this book, two leading authorities on the thalamus and its relationship to cortex build on their earlier findings to arrive at new ways of thinking about how the brain relates to the world, to cognition, and behavior. Based on foundations established earlier in their book Exploring the Thalamus and Its Role in Cortical Function, the authors consider the implications of these ground rules for thalamic inputs, thalamocortical connections, and cortical outputs. The authors argue that functional and structural analyses of pathways connecting thalamus and cortex point beyond these to lower centers and through them to the body and the world. Each cortical area depends on the messages linking it to body and world. These messages relate to the way we act and think; each cortical area receives thalamic inputs and has outputs to motor centers. Sherman and Guillery go on to discuss such topics as the role of branching axons that carry motor instructions as well as copies of these motor instructions for relay to cortex under the control of the thalamic gate. This gate allows the thalamus to control the passage of information on the basis of which cortex relates to the rest of the nervous system.

Download or read book Role of the Thalamus in Motivated Behavior written by Xuan (Anna) Li and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Cognitive Thalamus written by Yuri B. Saalmann and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive processing is commonly conceptualized as being restricted to the cerebral cortex. Accordingly, electrophysiology, neuroimaging and lesion studies involving human and animal subjects have almost exclusively focused on defining roles for cerebral cortical areas in cognition. Roles for the thalamus in cognition have been largely ignored despite the fact that the extensive connectivity between the thalamus and cerebral cortex gives rise to a closely coupled thalamo-cortical system. However, in recent years, growing interest in the thalamus as much more than a passive sensory structure, as well as methodological advances such as high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging of the thalamus and improved electrode targeting to subregions of thalamic nuclei using electrical stimulation and diffusion tensor imaging, have fostered research into thalamic contributions to cognition. Evidence suggests that behavioral context modulates processing in primary sensory, or first-order, thalamic nuclei (for example, the lateral geniculate and ventral posterior nuclei), allowing attentional filtering of incoming sensory information at an early stage of brain processing. Behavioral context appears to more strongly influence higher-order thalamic nuclei (for example, the pulvinar and mediodorsal nucleus), which receive major input from the cortex rather than the sensory periphery. Such higher-order thalamic nuclei have been shown to regulate information transmission in frontal and higher-order sensory cortex according to cognitive demands. This Research Topic aims to bring together neuroscientists who study different parts of the thalamus, particularly thalamic nuclei other than the primary sensory relays, and highlight the thalamic contributions to attention, memory, reward processing, decision-making, and language. By doing so, an emphasis is also placed on neural mechanisms common to many, if not all, of these cognitive operations, such as thalamo-cortical interactions and modulatory influences from sources in the brainstem and basal ganglia. The overall view that emerges is that the thalamus is a vital node in brain networks supporting cognition.

Download or read book Thalamic Function Beyond a Simple Relay written by Vincenzo Crunelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus is often described as a relay. Typified by sensory pathways, this concept leads to thalamic nuclei being viewed as areas that passively streams information from a single source to the cortex, without affecting the nature of that information. However, diverse intrathalamic connections, the varying synaptic and membrane properties of thalamic neurons and the large number of inputs from non-sensory sources make the idea that the thalamus is just a passive relay unlikely. Furthermore, a large number of thalamic nuclei are not primarily driven by sensory signals nor do they exclusively target the cortex, meaning the thalamus must do more than simply pass sensory signals to the cortex. Finally, there is a wealth of research demonstrating that the thalamus does indeed function in ways that are not captured by the concept of a simple relay. So why, given all of this, is the primary paradigm for describing the thalamus, a relay? This Research Topic covers original research, reviews and hypotheses on thalamic function that explore the concept that the thalamus performs computational tasks other than simply passively relaying information.

Download or read book Exploring the Thalamus and Its Role in Cortical Function written by S. Murray Sherman and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus plays a critical role in perceptual processing, but many questions remain about what thalamic activities contribute to sensory and motor functions. In this book, two pioneers in research on the thalamus examine the close two-way relationships between thalamus and cerebral cortex and look at the distinctive functions of the links between the thalamus and the rest of the brain. Countering the dominant "corticocentric" approach to understanding the cerebral cortex—which does not recognize that all neocortical areas receive important inputs from the thalamus and send outputs to lower motor centers—S. Murray Sherman and R. W. Guillery argue for a reappraisal of the way we think about the cortex and its interactions with the rest of the brain. The book defines some of the functional categories critical to understanding thalamic functions, including the distinctions between drivers (pathways that carry messages to the cortex) and modulators (which can change the pattern of transmission) and between first-order and higher-order thalamic relays—the former receiving ascending drivers and the latter receiving cortical drivers. This second edition further develops these distinctions with expanded emphasis throughout the book on the role of the thalamus in cortical function. An important new chapter suggests a structural basis for linking perception and action, supplying supporting evidence for a link often overlooked in current views of perceptual processing.

Download or read book Building the gateway to consciousness about the development of the thalamus written by Tomomi Shimogori and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-19 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since years, patterning and function of some brain parts such as the cortex in the forebrain and the optical tectum or cerebellum in the midbrain/hindbrain region are under strong investigation. Interestingly the diencephalon located in the caudal forebrain has been ignored for decades. Consequently, the existing knowledge from the development of this region to function in the mature brain is very fragmented. The central part of the diencephalon is the thalamus. This central relay station plays a crucial role in distributing incoming sensory information to appropriate regions of the cortex. The thalamus develops in the posterior part of the embryonic forebrain, where early cell fate decisions are controlled by local signaling centers. In this Research Topic we discuss recent achievements elucidating thalamic neurogenesis - from neural progenitor cells to highly specialized neurons with cortical target cells in great distance. In parallel, we highlight developmental aspects leading from the early thalamic anlage to the late the organization of the complex relay station of the brain.

Download or read book Cortical Function a View from the Thalamus written by V. A. Casagrande and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2005-10-17 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost all of the messages that are received by the cerebral cortex from the environment or from the body's internal receptors come through the thalamus and much current thought about perceptual processing is based on sensory pathways that relay in the thalamus. This volume focuses on three major areas: the role of thalamocortical communication in cognition and attention; the role of the thalamus in communication between cortical areas; the hypothesis that much or all of the information relayed by thalamus, even to classical, pure "sensory" areas of cortex, represents a corollary message being sent simultaneously to motor centers. It presents a broad overview of important recent advances in these areas. * Provides a look at brain structures involved in perception and action * Includes summaries by leading investigators in the field * Presents recent advances in our understanding of brain functions

Download or read book Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy written by Walter Hendelman M.D. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-10-31 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a clear visual guide to understanding the human central nervous system, this second edition includes numerous four-color illustrations, photographs, diagrams, radiographs, and histological material throughout the text. Organized and easy to follow, the book presents an overview of the CNS, sensory, and motor systems and the limbic system

Download or read book The Brain and Behavior written by David L. Clark and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-05-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, The Brain and Behavior continues on its mission to present a simplified and accessible introduction to behavioral neuroanatomy. Human behavior is a direct reflection of the anatomy of the central nervous system, and it is the goal of the behavioral neuroscientist to uncover its neuroanatomical basis. Much of the new content in this edition reflects advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging. The text is presented in a highly structured and organized format to help the reader distinguish between issues of anatomical, behavioral and physiological relevance. Simplified and clear diagrams are provided throughout the chapters to illustrate key points. Case examples are explored to set the neuroanatomy in the context of clinical experience. This will be essential reading for behavioral clinicians including psychiatrists, neuropsychiatrists, neurologists, psychologists and clinical neuroscientists.

Download or read book Clinical Neuroanatomy written by Richard S. Snell and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2010 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organized classically by system, this popular text gives medical and health professions students a complete, clinically oriented introduction to neuroanatomy. Each chapter begins with clear objectives, includes clinical cases, and ends with clinical notes, clinical problem-solving, and review questions. Hundreds of full-color illustrations, diagnostic images, and color photographs enhance the text. This Seventh Edition features new information relating the different parts of the skull to the brain areas, expanded coverage of brain development and neuroplasticity, and updated information on stem cell research. A companion Website includes the fully searchable text and 454 USMLE-style review questions with answers and explanations.

Download or read book Veterinary Neuroanatomy and Clinical Neurology written by Alexander DeLahunta and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organized by functional neurologic system, the 3rd edition of this authoritative reference provides the most up-to-date information on neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neuropathology, and clinical neurology as it applies to small animals, horses, and food animals. Accurate diagnosis is emphasized throughout with practical guidelines for performing neurologic examinations, interpreting examination results, and formulating effective treatment plans. In-depth disease descriptions, color images, and video clips reinforce important concepts and assist with diagnosis and treatment. Expert authors bring more than 50 years of experience in veterinary neuroanatomy and clinical neurology to this book - Dr. Alexander DeLahunta and Dr. Eric Glass offer their unique insights from both academic and practitioner perspectives. Disease content is presented in a logical case study format with three distinct parts: Description of the disorder Neuroanatomic diagnosis (including how it was determined, the differential diagnosis, and any available ancillary data) Course of the disease (providing final clinical or necropsy diagnosis and a brief discussion of the syndrome) More than 600 full-color photographs and line drawings, plus approximately 150 high-quality radiographs, visually reinforce key concepts and assist in reaching accurate diagnoses. The book comes with free access to 370 video clips on Cornell University's website that directly correlate to the case studies throughout the book and clearly demonstrate nearly every recognized neurologic disorder. High-quality MR images of the brain are presented alongside correlating stained transverse sections for in-depth study and comparison. Vivid photos of gross and microscopic lesions clearly illustrate the pathology of many of the disorders presented in the book.

Download or read book Thalamic Networks for Relay and Modulation written by Diego Minciacchi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thalamic Networks for Relay and Modulation is the third in a series that springs from an idea of Giorgio Macchi who wished to establish periodical updates on thalamic research by bringing to Italy investigators who would engage in an international sharing of ideas and experiences. It reflects the renewed interest in the modulation of thalamic relay activity by intrinsic and extrinsic sources, while continuing to underscore the essential role of the thalamus as the gatekeeper of the cerebral cortex and of the pathways to perception. The papers that form the substance of this book were presented at a Symposium held at the Catholic University, Rome, Italy, in September 1992, as a Satellite to the 15th Annual Meeting of the European Neuroscience Association. The volume is organized into four parts. Part I is basically concerned with developmental and evolutionary approaches. Part II highlights relay functions of visual, motor, and somatosensory relay nuclei and relay functions of the intralaminar nuclei. Part III deals primarily with the pharmacology of thalamic neurons. Part IV emphasizes the mechanisms that underlie the functional assembly of thalamic cells into collectively acting ensembles, largely revealed in rhythmic oscillations, and on the behavioral manifestations that accompany them.

Download or read book The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks written by Michael A. Arbib and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 1328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition presents the enormous progress made in recent years in the many subfields related to the two great questions : how does the brain work? and, How can we build intelligent machines? This second edition greatly increases the coverage of models of fundamental neurobiology, cognitive neuroscience, and neural network approaches to language. (Midwest).

Download or read book The Rat Nervous System written by George Paxinos and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2004-05-05 with total page 1329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition of the standard reference on the nervous system of the rat is a complete and updated revision of the 1994 second edition. All chapters have been extensively updated, and new chapters added covering early segmentation, growth factors, and glia. The book is now aligned with the data available in the Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, making it an excellent companion to this bestselling atlas. Physiological data, functional concepts, and correlates to human anatomy and function round out the new edition. - Designed to be used in conjunction with the bestselling Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates - New to this edition is inclusion of physiological data, functional concepts, and correlates to human anatomy and function in each chapter - Contains new chapters on early segmentation of the central nervous system, growth factors and glia