Download or read book International Public Goods and Transfer of Technology Under a Globalized Intellectual Property Regime written by Keith E. Maskus and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-06-08 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distinguished economists, political scientists, and legal experts discuss the implications of the increasingly globalized protection of intellectual property rights for the ability of countries to provide their citizens with such important public goods as basic research, education, public health, and environmental protection. Such items increasingly depend on the exercise of private rights over technical inputs and information goods, which could usher in a brave new world of accelerating technological innovation. However, higher and more harmonized levels of international intellectual property rights could also throw up high roadblocks in the path of follow-on innovation, competition and the attainment of social objectives. It is at best unclear who represents the public interest in negotiating forums dominated by powerful knowledge cartels. This is the first book to assess the public processes and inputs that an emerging transnational system of innovation will need to promote technical progress, economic growth and welfare for all participants.

Download or read book Public Sector Technology Transfer written by Albert N. Link and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this insightful book, Albert N. Link offers a perceptive explanation as to why the U.S. public sector is involved in technology transfer, and how the institutions that support technology transfer have become cornerstones of U.S. economic growth and development. Public-Sector Technology Transfer traces the policy history of public-sector support and illustrates the impact of the Great Recession on technology transfer activity in the U.S. Chapters explore the federal laboratory consortium, technology transfer mechanisms and metrics, publicly- funded small business research programs, and knowledge and technology transfers from publicly funded firms. Link provides an illuminating account of the heuristic and empirical reasons for technology transfer, concluding that many technology transfers occur for the common good of society. This astute account will be a vital read for academics, researchers and students in economics, entrepreneurship, public policy, public management and business. Its comprehensive exploration of technology transfer in the US will also be of benefit to practitioners and policy makers in government institutions, as well as small business entrepreneurs.

Download or read book Technology Transfer and the Public Good written by Brian L. Frye and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Something is rotten in university patent policy. Universities and patents are both supposed to promote the public good. But sometimes, patents may encourage universities to pursue goals inconsistent with the public good.In 1980, the Bayh-Dole Act amended the Patent Act to allow universities to patent inventions and discoveries funded by federal grants. In response, universities began creating “technology transfer” offices in order to help researchers file patent applications and license university patents. Some university technology transfer offices are successful, generating substantial revenue for the university. But most are not and operate at a loss.Even more troubling, university patents and technology transfer offices may be economically inefficient. In theory, universities should patent inventions and discoveries only when it is socially beneficial, and should fund socially valuable research, irrespective of its likelihood of generating patentable inventions and discoveries. But currently, universities have an incentive to patent all of the patentable research they generate, even if doing so reduces the public benefit generated by that research. They also have an incentive to patent inventions and discoveries that have no commercial value, because the patent may still have litigation value. And they may even have an incentive to invest more heavily in research that is likely to generate patentable inventions and discoveries than research that is not, irrespective of the social value of the research.While universities should resist those incentives, the evidence suggests that many cannot. Maybe the government can help? Obviously, it could largely eliminate the incentive for universities to patent research by repealing Bayh-Dole and making most university research unpatentable. But sometimes, university patents may be justified. If a university generates a commercially valuable invention or discovery, why shouldn't it be able to claim some of the value of that invention or discovery from the private companies that ultimately commercialize it? After all, universities can use that additional revenue to fund more research and benefit the public in other ways.However, the government could make university patents more efficient by clarifying the standards for patentability and reducing the bias in favor of patentable research. While universities are hardly alone in filing some weak patent applications, reducing uncertainty about patentability would enable them to streamline their patenting efforts. In addition, the government could increase the efficiency of university patents by instructing public grantmakers to prioritize funding research that is unlikely to produce patentable inventions or discoveries. And universities could better align their patent policies with their public purpose and mitigate risk by pooling their patents and sharing the profits.

Download or read book The Chicago Handbook of University Technology Transfer and Academic Entrepreneurship written by Albert N. Link and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Universities are now in the business of managing intellectual property portfolios and commercializing discoveries from their laboratories. Much of the money universities make from this is in the form of licensing revenue and IPO-related wealth. However, managing intellectual-property portfolios is still a very new business for universities, and administrators and policymakers are still uncertain about how best to navigate the many practical and fundamental issues that arise. Written for both practitioners and academics, "The Chicago Handbook of University Technology Transfer and Academic Entrepreneurship "provides a clear outline of the broad set of new practices and institutions that have sprung up to manage and sell intellectual property, from university technology-transfer offices and cooperative-engineering research centers to vast research parks. To determine what makes technology transfer work, the question is approached from a variety of perspectives: historically, internationally, and from the perspectives of professors, entrepreneurs, administrators, and regulators. Some chapters offer guidelines and examples of how to foster and maintain successful research ventures from various perspectives. Others explore how developments in university technology transfer affect the public interest and inform the notion of open innovation and science. "

Download or read book Technology Transfer and US Public Sector Innovation written by Albert N. Link and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-31 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology Transfer and US Public Sector Innovation provides an overview of US technology policies that are the genesis for observed technology transfer activities. By describing the technology transfer process from US federal laboratories and other public sector organizations, this exploration informs the reader in detail of how the transfer process behaves and the social benefits associated with it.

Download or read book Technology Transfer and Public Policy written by Yong S. Lee and published by Quorum Books. This book was released on 1997-09 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique, wide-ranging exploration of the issues and problems in which business, government, and the academic community find themselves embroiled as they sort through the conflicts that inevitably emerge from the technology transfer enterprise.

Download or read book Getting More Innovation from Public Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Do Stronger Intellectual Property Rights Increase International Technology Transfer written by Lee Branstetter and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the alleged benefits of the recent global movement to strengthen intellectual property rights (IPRs) is that such reforms accelerate transfers of technology between countries. Branstetter, Fisman, and Foley examine how technology transfer among U.S. multinational firms changes in response to a series of IPR reforms undertaken by 12 countries over the 1982-99 period. Their analysis of detailed firm-level data reveal that royalty payments for intangibles transferred to affiliates increase at the time of reforms, as do affiliate research and development (R & D) expenditures and total levels of foreign patent applications. Increases in royalty payments and R & D expenditures are more than 20 percent larger among affiliates of parent companies that use U.S. patents more extensively prior to reform and therefore are expected to value IPR reform most. This paper--a product of Trade, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the global impact of stronger intellectual property rights.

Download or read book University Technology Transfer written by Tom Hockaday and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tackling a complex topic in clear language, the book reveals the impressive scale of patenting, licensing, and spin-out company creation while demonstrating that university technology transfer is a commercial activity with benefits that go well beyond the opportunity to make money.

Download or read book From Lab to Market written by S.K. Kassicieh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of this book, the commercialization of public-sector technology, continues to grow in importance in the United States and sirnilarsocieties. The issues involved are relevant to many roles including those of policy makers, managers, patent attorneys, licensing agents, and technical staff members of public technology sources. Institutions increasingly involved in the process include federal and other governmentallaboratories and their related agencies, public universities and their state governments, public and private transfer agents and, of course, all the private recipients of public technology. Scarcely a day goes by without a significant event related to technology transfer and commercialization. The popular business press is regularly carrying articles addressing the issues, explaining new initiatives and describing events of notable success or failure.[l] As an example of current important events, the Technology Reinvestment Project (TRP) is forrnu lating its initiatives totransfer public technology and promote technology-based publiclprivate partnerships as a collaboration between the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Science Foundation (NSF) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the Department of Energy, Defense Programs (DOE/DP).

Download or read book Optimizing the Nation s Investment in Academic Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-06-29 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research universities are critical contributors to our national research enterprise. They are the principal source of a world-class labor force and fundamental discoveries that enhance our lives and the lives of others around the world. These institutions help to create an educated citizenry capable of making informed and crucial choices as participants in a democratic society. However many are concerned that the unintended cumulative effect of federal regulations undercuts the productivity of the research enterprise and diminishes the return on the federal investment in research. Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research reviews the regulatory framework as it currently exists, considers specific regulations that have placed undue and often unanticipated burdens on the research enterprise, and reassesses the process by which these regulations are created, reviewed, and retired. This review is critical to strengthen the partnership between the federal government and research institutions, to maximize the creation of new knowledge and products, to provide for the effective training and education of the next generation of scholars and workers, and to optimize the return on the federal investment in research for the benefit of the American people.

Download or read book International Experience in Developing the Financial Resources of Universities written by Abdulrahman Obaid AI-Youbi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-04 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book aims to present the experiences and visions of several world university leaders, providing strategies and methods used to find various income sources for their institutions. The expansion of a university system requires a corresponding increase in funding. Consequently, university administrators all over the world are in a constant search for additional funds. If higher-level institutions are expected to deliver high-quality education and research, their sustainable funding is crucial to the development of the countries they serve. While governmental sources are a major part of the funding of most universities, economic downturns as in the case of the COVID-19 crisis may reduce governmental contributions in this and cause administrators to look for various alternative sources to help them compete in a global setting. This book offers valuable information and guidance to university leaders and administrators worldwide especially at a time when university budgets are under stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic with its dire financial and economic consequences.

Download or read book Publicly Funded Agricultural Research and the Changing Structure of U S Agriculture written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-03-18 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) requested that the Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources of the National Research Council (NRC) convene a panel of experts to examine whether publicly funded agricultural research has influenced the structure of U.S. agriculture and, if so, how. The Committee to Review the Role of Publicly Funded Agricultural Research on the Structure of U.S. Agriculture was asked to assess the role of public-sector agricultural research on changes in the size and numbers of farms, with particular emphasis on the evolution of very-large-scale operations.

Download or read book Public Policy and Technology Transfer written by United States. Department of State and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Role of Scientific and Technical Data and Information in the Public Domain written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-29 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This symposium brought together leading experts and managers from the public and private sectors who are involved in the creation, dissemination, and use of scientific and technical data and information (STI) to: (1) describe and discuss the role and the benefits and costsâ€"both economic and otherâ€"of the public domain in STI in the research and education context, (2) to identify and analyze the legal, economic, and technological pressures on the public domain in STI in research and education, (3) describe and discuss existing and proposed approaches to preserving the public domain in STI in the United States, and (4) identify issues that may require further analysis.

Download or read book Managing University Intellectual Property in the Public Interest written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-03-28 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty years ago federal policy underwent a major change through the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980, which fostered greater uniformity in the way research agencies treat inventions arising from the work they sponsor. Before the Act, if government agencies funded university research, the funding agency retained ownership of the knowledge and technologies that resulted. However, very little federally funded research was actually commercialized. As a result of the Act's passage, patenting and licensing activity from such research has accelerated. Although the system created by the Act has remained stable, it has generated debate about whether it might impede other forms of knowledge transfer. Concerns have also arisen that universities might prioritize commercialization at the expense of their traditional mission to pursue fundamental knowledge-for example, by steering research away from curiosity-driven topics toward applications that could yield financial returns. To address these concerns, the National Research Council convened a committee of experts from universities, industry, foundations, and similar organizations, as well as scholars of the subject, to review experience and evidence of the technology transfer system's effects and to recommend improvements. The present volume summarizes the committee's principal findings and recommendations.

Download or read book Global Perspectives on Technology Transfer and Commercialization written by John Sibley Butler and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As we move further into the 21st century, increasing emphasis is being placed on the importance of technology transfer. Through new research and practices, scholars, practitioners and policymakers have made great strides in broadening our understanding and ability to implement technology transfer and commercialization processes. The fruit of that research is collected in this timely volume. Technology transfer is a dynamic area of study that examines traditional topics such as intellectual property management, the management of risk, market identification, the role of public and private labs, and the role of universities. This volume reflects on how government, business and academia influence technology transfer in different countries and how the infrastructure of a country enhances technology and contributes to each country s overall economy. Interpreting and adopting the processes of technology transfer and commercialization or, building innovative ecosystems is critical to seeing success in this digital age. Those leading the surge toward building innovative ecosystems for technology transfer are the fellows of the Institute for Innovation Creativity and Capital (IC2 Institute) at The University of Texas at Austin. Global in its scope of solving market economy problems, for this volume the Institute has focused its lens on accelerated knowledge-based development. Here, scholars from 13 countries come together to critique technology transfer from each of their respective nations. The results of their contributions lend innovative insight to exactly how different nations are working to maximize technology transfer and commercialization in uncertain times. Those with an interest in commercialization and technology transfer, from students to scholars, practitioners to policymakers, will find this important collection of great value.