Download or read book Technology Differences over Space and Time written by Francesco Caselli and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-06 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology Differences over Space and Time looks at how countries use their productive resources—such as workers, skills, equipment and structures, and natural resources. Francesco Caselli develops methods to assess the efficiency with which productive inputs are used, and how these efficiencies vary across countries and over time. Caselli finds that richer countries use skilled workers relatively more efficiently than unskilled workers, and equipment and structures relatively more efficiently than natural resources. They also are relatively more efficient users of labor than of capital. Technological change tends to make countries particularly efficient at using skills and less efficient at using capital. Technical change also favors experienced workers. In order to interpret and understand these findings, Caselli presents a theory of technology choice. In this theory, firms pick technologies that make the most efficient use of the most abundant production factors when these factors are good substitutes for the less abundant factors. Firms pick technologies that make the most of less abundant factors when other suitable factors are not available for substitution. For example, rich countries, where skilled workers are abundant, use skilled workers efficiently, as these are good substitutes for unskilled workers. This flexible framework can be applied to other pairs of inputs, over time, and across countries. Technology Differences over Space and Time has significant implications not only for the theoretical understanding of development and technological innovation, but also for government formulation of industrial policy and multinationals making decisions about what to invest in and where to make those investments.
Download or read book The Empirical Assessment of Technology Differences written by Manuel Frondel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper compares technologies across space and time on the basis of factual and counterfactual substitution elasticities and argues that differences in estimated substitution elasticities should be decomposed into two counterfactual components. While the first component is designed to indicate how the ease of substitution is altered by varied economic circumstances, the second addresses the question of how technologies would compare under genuinely comparable situations. This argument is illustrated by the example of energy-price elasticities of capital before and after the oil crisis of the early 1970s.
Download or read book Lithics in the Land of the Lightning Brothers written by Chris Clarkson and published by ANU E Press. This book was released on 2007-09-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LITHICS IN THE LAND OF THE LIGHTNING BROTHERS skilfully integrates a wide range of data-raw-material procurement, tool design, reduction and curation, patterns of distribution and association-to reveal the major outlines of Wardaman prehistory. At the same time, the book firmly situates data and methods in broad theoretical context. In its regional scope and thorough technological approach, this book exemplifies the best of recent lithic analysis and hunter-gatherer archaeology. Any archaeologist who confronts the challenge of classifying retouched stone tools should consult this volume for a clear demonstration of reduction intensity as a source of size and form variation independent of "type." Yet the demonstration is not merely methodological; Clarkson shows how the measurement of reduction intensity informs analysis of technological diversity and other cultural practices. In Clarkson's hands, Wardaman prehistory emerges as a particular record of the human past. Yet the book is also a case study in prolonged cultural response to environmental conditions and the way in which cultures persist and reproduce themselves over long spans of time. The result is an analytical tour de force that will guide hunter-gatherer archaeology in Australia and elsewhere for years to come.
Download or read book Innovative Behaviour in Space and Time written by Cristoforo S. Bertuglia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade there has been growing recognition that economic development is not mainly exogenously determined but, to a large extent, is a transformation process induced and governed by economic actors who respond to competitive, institutional and political challenge. This 'challenge and response' model is increasingly accepted as a valid analytical framework in modem growth theory and also explains the popularity of endogenous growth approaches to technological innovation issues. However, a major and as yet largely under-researched topic is the question of the diffusion and adoption of new technological changes in the context of space-time dynamics. This diffusion and adoption pattern has obviously clear spatial and temporal variations connected with behavioural responses which may vary over time and different locations. This means that a closer analysis of spatio-temporal opportunities and impediments is necessary in order to fully map the complex interactions of technology and economy in space and time. This volume sets out to bring together a collection of original contributions commissioned by the editors to highlight the spatio-temporal patterns and backgrounds of the diffusion and adoption of new technologies. Some are in the nature of a survey, others.have a modelling background and again others are case studies. The contributions originate from different countries and different disciplines. This book is complementary to a previously published volume on technological innovation, Technological Change, Economic Development and Space, edited by C.S. Bertuglia, M.M. Fischer and G. Preto, and also published by Springer-Verlag (1995).
Download or read book Technology Time and Space in American Culture written by Roger Charles Caron and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Review of Information Science and Technology written by Information Today Inc and published by Information Today, Inc.. This book was released on 2005-10 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ARIST, published annually since 1966, is a landmark publication within the information science community. It surveys the landscape of information science and technology, providing an analytical, authoritative, and accessible overview of recent trends and significant developments. The range of topics varies considerably, reflecting the dynamism of the discipline and the diversity of theoretical and applied perspectives. While ARIST continues to cover key topics associated with "classical" information science (e.g., bibliometrics, information retrieval), editor Blaise Cronin is selectively expanding its footprint in an effort to connect information science more tightly with cognate academic and professional communities. Contents of Volume 40 (2006): SECTION I: Information and Society Chapter 1: The Micro- and Macroeconomics of Information, Sandra Braman Chapter 2: The Geographies of the Internet, Matthew Zook Chapter 3: Open Access, M. Carl Drott SECTION II: Technologies and Systems Chapter 4: TREC: An Overview, Donna K. Harman and Ellen M. Voorhees Chapter 5: Semantic Relations in Information Science, Christopher S. G. Khoo and Jin-Cheon Na Chapter 6: Intelligence and Security Informatics, Hsinchun Chen and Jennifer Xu SECTION III: Information Needs and Use Chapter 7: Information Behavior, Donald O. Case Chapter 8: Collaborative Information Seeking and Retrieval, Jonathan Foster Chapter 9: Information Failures in Health Care, Anu MacIntosh-Murray and Chun Wei Choo Chapter 10: Workplace Studies and Technological Change, Angela Cora Garcia, Mark E. Dawes, Mary Lou Kohne, Felicia Miller, and Stephan F. Groschwitz SECTION IV: Theoretical Perspectives Chapter 11: Information History, Alistair Black Chapter 12: Social Epistemology and Information Science, Don Fallis Chapter 13: Formal Concept Analysis in Information Science, Uta Priss.
Download or read book Open Space Technology written by Harrison Owen and published by Berrett-Koehler Publishers. This book was released on 2008-04-28 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A revised and updated edition of an acknowledged classic of the Organizational Development literature. Over 30,000 of first and second editions sold.
Download or read book Teaching in a Digital Age written by A. W Bates and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communications Signal Processing and Systems written by Qilian Liang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-14 with total page 1462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together papers from the 2018 International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems, which was held in Dalian, China on July 14–16, 2018. Presenting the latest developments and discussing the interactions and links between these multidisciplinary fields, the book spans topics ranging from communications, signal processing and systems. It is aimed at undergraduate and graduate electrical engineering, computer science and mathematics students, researchers and engineers from academia and industry as well as government employees.
Download or read book Deploying Machine Learning written by Robbie Allen and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2019-05 with total page 99998 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly, business leaders and managers recognize that machine learning offers their companies immense opportunities for competitive advantage. But most discussions of machine learning are intensely technical or academic, and don't offer practical information leaders can use to identify, evaluate, plan, or manage projects. Deploying Machine Learning fills that gap, helping them clarify exactly how machine learning can help them, and collaborate with technologists to actually apply it successfully. You'll learn: What machine learning is, how it compares to "big data" and "artificial intelligence," and why it's suddenly so important What machine learning can do for you: solutions for computer vision, natural language processing, prediction, and more How to use machine learning to solve real business problems -- from reducing costs through improving decision-making and introducing new products Separating hype from reality: identifying pitfalls, limitations, and misconceptions upfront Knowing enough about the technology to work effectively with your technical team Getting the data right: sourcing, collection, governance, security, and culture Solving harder problems: exploring deep learning and other advanced techniques Understanding today's machine learning software and hardware ecosystem Evaluating potential projects, and addressing workforce concerns Staffing your project, acquiring the right tools, and building a workable project plan Interpreting results -- and building an organization that can increasingly learn from data Using machine learning responsibly and ethically Preparing for tomorrow's advances The authors conclude with five chapter-length case studies: image, text, and video analysis, chatbots, and prediction applications. For each, they don't just present results: they also illuminate the process the company undertook, and the pitfalls it overcame along the way.
Download or read book The Evolution of Technological Knowledge Across Space and Time written by Christopher Ross Esposito and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technological change is a powerful force in economic and social life. Technological change is both an endogenous and a disruptive process because inventors create new technologies by recombining existing technological ideas and because new technologies often drive older technologies and their associated capital and skills into obsolescence. Technological disruption resonates in the economies of cities, producing both local economic growth and decline, because city-regions are a scale at which many of the factors of production are coordinated. In the existing literature, there is broad agreement that knowledge builds on itself endogenously, and there is some recognition that innovation is disruptive with consequences for city-regions. Despite these acknowledgments, the sources of knowledge that inventors used to create historical inventions have not been systematically documented, the question of how new city-regions enter the process of endogenous knowledge production has not been resolved, the geographical distribution of breakthrough innovation has not been described nor explained, and the mechanisms through which inventors amass the technological knowledge needed to innovate in rapidly-evolving knowledge environments have not been adequately studied. In light of the above research gaps, this dissertation makes four contributions. First, it develops a method called knowledge phylogenetics and uses that method to create a long-run genealogy of technological knowledge containing over 8 million patented inventions created between 1836 and 2014. Second, it uncovers a general process that city-regions go through as they begin to become centers for innovation, involving the importation of non-local and disruptive ideas that are used to initiate local knowledge production. Third, it documents the extent to which breakthrough innovation is concentrated in large and knowledge-diverse cities, how that concentration changed over the 20th century, and how those changes resulted from asymmetric improvements in different types of communication technologies. Fourth, it calculates the productivity benefits that inventors receive from working in teams and from the experiences that they accumulate over time. In this regard, the dissertation shows that inventors do not benefit from the experience that they accumulate over time because inventors struggle to learn quickly enough to keep pace with the advances made in their knowledge fields.
Download or read book Space Technologies Materials and Structures written by B. Paton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-04-10 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigations in space have been conducted in both manned and unmanned space vehicles. Space: Technologies, Materials and Structures explains the development of hardware and instrumentation designed to operate in the severe conditions of space. For the operation and repair of such vehicles, engineers and scientists must consider a broad range of practical issues, such as the construction and mounting of extended large structures, discussed here using the Mir space station as a case study. Another consideration is the manufacture of permanent joins by welding and brazing, as well as the application of various coatings by thermal evaporation. Astrophysicists, engineers and applied mathematicians will benefit from this volume.
Download or read book Robonauts written by Allan Morey and published by Bellwether Media. This book was released on 2017-08-01 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robonauts have been built to be substitutes for astronauts. They are made to look and move much like humans so they can take over time-consuming or dangerous space work. This high-interest book lays out the similarities and differences between astronauts and their high-tech doppelgangers.
Download or read book Modelling the City written by Eckart Ehlers and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Movement Time Technology and Art written by Christina Chau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the ways in which artists use technology to create different perceptions of time in art in order to reflect on contemporary relationships to technology. By considering the links between technology, movement and contemporary art, the book explores changing relationship between temporality in art, art history, media art theory, modernity, contemporary art, and digital art. This book challenges the dominant view that kinetic art is an antiquated artistic experiment and considers the changing perception of kinetic art by focusing on exhibitions and institutions that have recently challenged the notion of kinetic art as a marginalised and forgotten artistic experiment with mechanical media. This is achieved by deconstructing Frank Popper’s argument that kinetic art is a precursor to subsequent explorations in the intersections between art, science and technology. Rather than pandering to the prevailing art historical assumption that kinetic sculpture is merely a precursor to art in a digital culture, the book proposes that perhaps kineticism succeeded too well, where movement has become a ubiquitous element of the aesthetic of contemporary art. If, as Boris Groys has recently suggested, installation has become the dominant mode of art in the contemporary age, then movement in real time with the viewer is used to aestheticise and explore the facets of our peculiar time.
Download or read book Distributed Team Collaboration in Organizations Emerging Tools and Practices written by Milhauser, Kathy L. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2011-04-30 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book summarizes the challenges inherent in leading distributed teams and explores practices that are emerging to optimize distributed team performance"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Media Space 20 Years of Mediated Life written by Steve Harrison and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-04 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Media Space: 20+ Years of Mediated Life is loosely divided into three different, but interconnected, approaches to media space research. Each part opens with an introduction that lays out how readers can best approach the book, and provides a basic guide to the theory and research literature, technological developments and other notable events to help contextualize the book. The ‘social ‘ approach uses the rhetoric and methods familiar to a CSCW audience, but moves into actual situations that involve close working bonds, broken trust, shared joy, community building, interpersonal tension, anxiety etc. The section on ‘spatial’ approaches guides the reader through an intellectual landscape of spatiality, the ‘communications’ part is a field guide to sense-making in the as-lived mediated condition, demonstrating that media space sense-making combines an understanding of in-the-moment alongside sense made of existence in the world and reflecting upon it.
