Download or read book Taxing Difference in Peru and New Spain 16th 19th Century written by Sarah Albiez-Wieck and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-09-19 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book shows how the tribute-paying population in Peru and New Spain negotiated their categorization throughout the colonial period. It explains the fiscal legislation and its application from above as well as how it was shaped from below.
Download or read book Potos in the Global Silver Age 16th 19th Centuries written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-03-06 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The open access publication of this book has been made possible thanks to the International Institute of Social History – Amsterdam. Potosí (today Bolivia) was the major supplier for the Spanish Empire and for the world and still today boasts the world's single-richest silver deposit. This book explores the political economy of silver production and circulation illuminating a vital chapter in the history of global capitalism. It travels through geology, sacred spaces, and technical knowledge in the first section; environmental history and labor in the second section; silver flows, the heterogeneous world of mining producers, and their agency in the third; and some of the local, regional, and global impacts of Potosí mining in the fourth section. The main focus is on the establishment of a complex infrastructure at the site, its major changes over time, and the new human and environmental landscape that emerged for the production of one of the world ́s major commodities: silver. Eleven authors from different countries present their most recent research based on years of archival research, providing the readers with cutting-edge scholarship. Contributors are: Julio Aguilar, James Almeida, Rossana Barragán Romano, Mariano A. Bonialian, Thérèse Bouysse-Cassagne, Kris Lane, Tristan Platt, Renée Raphael, Masaki Sato, Heidi V. Scott, and Paula C. Zagalsky.
Download or read book Silver by Fire Silver by Mercury A Chemical History of Silver Refining in New Spain and Mexico 16th to 19th Centuries written by Saul Guerrero and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-09-11 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Silver by Fire, Silver by Mercury: A Chemical History of Silver Refining in New Spain and Mexico, 16th to 19th Centuries, Saul Guerrero combines historical research with geology and chemistry to refute the current prevailing narrative of a primitive effort dominated by mercury and its copious emissions to the air. Based on quantitative historical data, visual records and geochemical fundamentals, Guerrero analyses the chemical and economic reasons why two refining processes had to share production, creating along the way major innovations in the chemical recipes, milling equipment, mercury recycling practice, and industrial architecture and operations. Their main environmental impact was lead fume and the depletion of woodlands from smelting, and the transformation of mercury into calomel during the patio process.
Download or read book Property and Dispossession written by Allan Greer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a new reading of the history of the colonization of North America and the dispossession of its indigenous peoples.
Download or read book The History of America Including the History of Virginia to the Year 1688 and New England to the Year 1652 With Plates Including a Portrait and Maps written by William Robertson and published by . This book was released on 1818 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Concise History of Mexico written by Brian R. Hamnett and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-04 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated edition offers an accessible and richly illustrated study of Mexico's political, social, economic and cultural history.
Download or read book Caciques Tribute and Migration in the Southern Andes written by Thierry Saignes and published by University of London Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Making Medicines in Early Colonial Lima Peru written by Linda A. Newson and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on extensive archival research in Peru, Spain, and Italy, Making Medicines in Early Colonial Lima, Peru examines how apothecaries in Lima were trained, ran their businesses, traded medicinal products, prepared medicines, and found their place in society. In the book, Newson argues that apothecaries had the potential to be innovators in science, especially in the New World where they encountered new environments and diverse healing traditions. However, it shows that despite experimental tendencies among some apothecaries, they generally adhered to traditional humoral practices and imported materia medica from Spain rather than adopt native plants or exploit the region’s rich mineral resources. This adherence was not due to state regulation, but reflected the entrenchment of humoral beliefs in popular thought and their promotion by the Church and Inquisition.
Download or read book Unravelled Dreams written by Ben Marsh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-23 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reveals how commodity failure, as much as success, can shed light on aspirations, environment, and economic life in colonial societies.
Download or read book Taxing Blackness written by Norah L. A. Gharala and published by Atlantic Crossings. This book was released on 2019 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "History in North, Central, and South Americas. In the Bourbon New Spain (Mexico), taxes, including those from Mexicans of African descent who were free, were a rich, reliable source of revenue for the Crown. Taxing Blackness examines the experiences of Afromexicans and this tribute to get at the meanings of race, political loyalty, and legal privileges within the Spanish colonial regime. Gharala focuses on both the mechanisms officials used to define the status of free people of African descent as well as the responses of free-colored people to these categories and strategies. Her study spans the eighteenth century and focuses on a single institution to offer readers a closer look at the place of free-colored people in Mexico, which was the most profitable and populous colony of the Spanish Atlantic"--
Download or read book Conflict in the Early Americas written by Rebecca M. Seaman and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2013-08-27 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed study is the only reference work of its kind to address Spain's conquest of Central and South America, providing in-depth coverage of native and European ideologies, political motivations, and cultural practices of the region. As the study of world history evolves from a Eurocentric perspective to a more global viewpoint, formerly marginalized groups are now the focus of discussion, revealing a background rich with important military, political, social, and economic achievements. This book examines the once prosperous and powerful native civilizations in Central and South America, discussing the key individuals, strategies, and politics that made these countries strong and indomitable. In spite of this, the author shows how, in only a few generations, Spain defeated these mini-empires, eventually dominating much of the Western Hemisphere. Conflict in the Early Americas: An Encyclopedia of the Spanish Empire's Aztec, Incan, and Mayan Conquests focuses primarily on the defeat of the Aztec, Incan, and Mayan civilizations, but also includes Spanish interactions with lesser-known native groups. Supporting documents including primary sources, maps, and visual aids provide necessary context to this once-untold story.
Download or read book Library of American History written by Samuel Lorenzo Knapp and published by . This book was released on 1839 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The American Finances of the Spanish Empire written by Herbert S. Klein and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A basic understanding of colonial Spanish American economic history emerges from this analysis and interpretation of royal income and expenditure.
Download or read book In the Land of Silver written by Dr. Walter Thomas Molano, PhD and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this timely, insightful, and concise introduction to the history and development of Argentina, Dr. Walter Molano takes a pragmatic look at the major variables that shape the country's political and economic policies. Dr. Molano particularly emphasizes the role that geography played in the formation of the country's economic institutions and political traditions. In the Land of Silver transcends two hundred years of economic and political development of one of the most complex countries in Latin America and the developing world—a country that only a century ago was as prosperous as the United States and many European countries, but is now on the bottom rung of the emerging world. Dr. Molano brings to light Argentina’s position as a country that is intriguing, yet full of contradictions. A century ago, Argentina was a preeminent destination for waves of immigrants looking for a new home and chances for a better life. It remained neutral during the two world wars, selling agricultural products, at inflated prices, to the warring sides. However, the second half of the twentieth century saw the country slip into poverty, transitioning from a veritable land of opportunity to a virtual graveyard of bad economic policies. The Argentine case has been the subject of derision, broad simplifications, and stereotypes. However, its history was a complex process that underscored the importance of geography and the role that external forces had in shaping its formation. Its unique location at the extreme limits of a vast empire distant from the centers of civilization imbued it with a yearning to react to what was happening abroad. By analyzing the geographical and external factors integral to the development of the country's political and economic institutions, readers will gain a better understanding of the forces that shape the country's policy decisions.
Download or read book The Two Americas written by and published by . This book was released on 1880 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Colonial Andes written by Elena Phipps and published by Metropolitan Museum of Art. This book was released on 2004 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This unique volume illustrates and discusses in detail more than 160 extraordinary fine and decorative art works of the colonial Andes, including examples of the intricate Inca weavings and metalwork that preceded the colonial era as well as a few of the remarkably inventive forms this art took after independence from Spain. An international array of scholars and experts examines the cultural context, aesthetic preoccupations, and diverse themes of art from the viceregal period, particularly the florid patternings and the fanciful beasts and hybrid creatures that have come to characterize colonial Andean art."--Jacket.
Download or read book The People s History of America written by and published by . This book was released on 1875 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
