Download or read book Tax Sparing a Needed Incentive for Foreign Investment in Low income Countries Or an Unnecessary Revenue Sacrifice written by K. Brooks and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-income countries often offer tax incentives to induce foreign investment, but the effectiveness of these measures may he limited by the domestic tax practices of investors' high-income home countries. Most high-income countries provide a tax credit for the amount of tax paid to a foreign jurisdiction on the international profits of resident companies or individuals. Where no tax, or reduced tax, is paid to the foreign jurisdiction because of a tax incentive, the result is that the investor pays the same amount of tax they would have paid in the absence of the tax incentive, but simply pays a larger proportion of it to the resident (high-income) state. In other words, the tax incentive offered by the low-income country has operated as a revenue transfer from the treasury of the low-income state to the treasury of the high-income state. A tax sparing provision, included in a tax treaty negotiated between the two countries, preserves the tax incentive by reducing the tax owed to the high-income country by the amount of tax that would have been paid to the low-income country, but for the tax incentive. In theory, by incorporating tax sparing provisions into tax treaties with low-income countries, high-income countries assist those countries in their efforts to attract investment by protecting their ability to offer effective tax incentives. However, there has been much de-bate over whether these provisions are effective in practice. The author outlines the history of tax sparing provisions in Canada, Australia, the U.K. and the U.S., and illustrates the early reluctance of these countries to follow the recommendations of international bodies regarding tax sparing. The OECD has opposed these incentives and has concluded they have long-term shortcomings: they are vulnerable to abuse, may erode tax bases and may fail to achieve their purported goal -- attracting investment to low-income countries. The author argues that despite some recent empirical evidence to the contrary, tax sparing provisions are ineffective in preserving tax incentives designed to attract foreign investment. She concludes that tax sparing provisions used to support tax incentives are an ill-designed mechanism through which to improve social and economic conditions in low-income countries. Cognizant that some low-income countries will continue to seek tax sparing provisions in their tax treaties, the author recommends design features of those provisions that should maximize their contribution to the development of the low-income countries while minimizing the potential for their abuse.
Download or read book The Tax Sparing Mechanism and Foreign Direct Investment written by Na Li and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Incentives in Developing Countries and International Taxation written by Timo Viherkenttä and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the complex coordination of tax incentives for foreign investors and international taxation. The analysis locates the factors which tend to frustrate such incentives through increased taxation in the investor's home country. The various tax planning techniques for avoiding the loss of incentive benefits are also dealt with.
Download or read book Tax Incentives for Private Investment in Developing Countries written by Robert Anthoine and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to provide within a single volume a comparative analysis of the tax laws of developed countries bearing upon direct private investment in developing countries, and a representative sample of developing country laws bearing upon the receipt of such investment. This study was initiated by the Tax Committee of the Business Section of the International Bar Association under the leadership of Jean-Claude Goldsmith of the Paris Bar. I undertook to act as the reporter, to browbeat colleagues in other countries to write national reports, and to provide the reporter's overview statement. This report includes studies of fourteen developed countries prepared by national reporters and summaries of five other developed country laws. Note worthy are the detailed examinations of the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany and of Japan, the two developed countries that have provided the most comprehensive system of incentives for private investment in developing countries. Also contained herein are reports from eight developing countries, including a thorough examination of the laws of Brazil. Attention is paid in the developed country reports not only to those tax provisions that act as in inducement to foreign investment but also to those that favor domestic investment and hence act as a disincentive to foreign investment. Relevant double taxation agreements are discussed, and other aspects such as exchange control and government grants are also mentioned.
Download or read book Using Tax Incentives to Compete for Foreign Investment written by Louis T. Wells and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This volume consists of two essays: the first one examines this issue in the context of Indonesia, the second provides a review of earlier literature.
Download or read book Tax Incentives for Foreign Direct Investment written by A. J. Easson and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each national report addresses, among other things, the following issues: - the sources of law and general principle of the law of evidence - the means of evidence - the role of the judge and the parties in the evidence procedure - the evaluation of evidence - the production of evidence - the registration of produced evidence - the possibilities to admit new evidence or to renew evidence in appeal proceedings.
Download or read book How Tax Incentives Affect Decisions to Invest in Developing Countries written by Robin W. Boadway and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of investment incentives in developing economies should reflect consideration of their effects on the marginal effective tax rate, on firms likely to suffer losses, on cash flows, on foreign-owned firms, and on the way capital is allocated among assets.
Download or read book Considerations for the Development of Tax Policy when Capital is Internationally Mobile written by Robert F. Conrad and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1989 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For tax policy to encourage maximum investment of capital (both foreign and domestic) it is necessary to take into account the potential mobility of capital across international borders. Economic analysis of investment incentives should therefore incorporate the effects of variables such as source rules, nexus rules, attribution rules, foreign tax credits, and so on, in addition to traditional variables such as legal tax rates and the revenue implications of the distribution of the tax base.
Download or read book Taxation and Development A Comparative Study written by Karen B. Brown and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-16 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the tax systems of some twenty countries to determine whether their tax laws are used to support growth and development across borders in lower-income and poor countries. Given the critical economic development needs of poorer countries and the importance of stability in these regions to the security of populations throughout the world, the use of a country’s tax laws to support investment in the developing world gains crucial significance. This book explores whether international standards promoting the fundamental values of the major tax systems of the world accommodate incentives for these nations. In addition, it analyzes the way in which adoption of principles by higher income nations to protect their own revenue bases has a spill-over effect, impairing the ability of developing countries to sustain their economies. Following an introduction that synthesizes worldwide trends, the volume contains separate chapters for a variety of countries detailing the underlying goals and values of each system and the way in which the decision to employ (or not employ) incentives accommodates those ends. The chapters include reports for: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Hong Kong, Israel, Italy, Japan, the Maldives, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, and Venezuela. The volume memorializes the work of the General Reporter and National Reporters at the Taxation and Development session of the 19th Congress of the International Academy of Comparative Law held in July, 2014, in Vienna, Austria.
Download or read book International Tax Policy written by Tsilly Dagan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains why perfecting, rather than curbing, interstate competition would make international taxation both more efficient and more just.
Download or read book Tax Sparing written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 1998 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the practices of Member countries with regards to tax sparing and explains why Member countries have become more reluctant to grant tax sparing in treaties. It also provides a number of suggested "best practices" on the design of tax sparing provisions in tax treaties.
Download or read book Tax Incentives for Industry in Less Developed Countries written by Jack Heller and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Justice and Global Inequality written by Krishen Mehta and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of the Panama Papers scandal and similar leaks, tax havens are now firmly in the spotlight. Today, roughly half of all global trade still passes through tax haven jurisdictions, costing millions in lost revenue to countries around the world. Such practices affect all of us, but are most keenly felt by poorer people in developing countries, where unfair tax practices have become a major obstacle to development, and which have allowed multinational corporations to continue to exploit developing economies. This collection argues that, for developing countries to achieve social justice and lasting prosperity, they must take control of their own tax destinies, and that this will also be crucial to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Covering such topics as natural resource management, representation in global tax institutions and effective strategies for building and protecting tax bases, the collection brings together expertise from a variety of countries and disciplines. It explores the options available to developing countries, and provides a basis for concerted action by tax authorities, policy makers, academics and civil society experts to design tax systems that can sustain a just society.
Download or read book Tax Sovereignty in the BEPS Era written by Sergio André Rocha and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2016-04-24 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The power of a country to freely design its tax system is generally understood to be an integral feature of sovereignty. However, as an inevitable result of globalization and income mobility, one country’s exercise of tax sovereignty often overlaps, interferes with, or even impedes that of another. In this collection of essays, internationally respected practitioners and academics reveal how the OECD’s Base Erosion and Pro t Shifting (BEPS) initiative, although a major step in the right direction, is insuf cient to resolve the tax sovereignty paradox. Each contribution deals with different facets of a single topic: How tax sovereignty is shaped in a post ,BEPS world. The contributors provide in ,depth analysis of such relevant issues as the following: hy multilateral cooperation and soft law consensus are the preferred solutions to a loss of autonomy over national tax policy; – how digital commerce has upended traditional notions of source and residence; – why residence and source continue to be the two essential building blocks of tax sovereignty and the backbone of the international tax system; – how developing countries can take advantage of the new international tax architecture to ensure that their voices are truly shaping the standards; and – transfer pricing reform. Collectively, the authors provide an authoritative commentary on the necessary preconditions for exercising the power to tax in today’s world. Their perspectives and recommendations will prove of great value to all policymakers, legislators, practitioners, and academics in the international taxation arena.
Download or read book International Competitiveness Tax Incentives and a New Argument for Tax Sparing written by Michael S. Knoll and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax sparing occurs when a country with a worldwide tax system grants its citizens foreign tax credits for the taxes that they would have paid on income earned abroad, but that escapes taxation by virtue of foreign tax incentives. The supporters of tax sparing argue that it is a form of foreign aid, an obligation owed to developing countries, and a legitimate means of improving the competitiveness of resident investors. Tax sparing, however, has long been opposed by the United States on the grounds that it is an expensive and problematic concession to developing countries, inconsistent with basic and fundamental tax principles, and an inappropriate mechanism for improving the competitiveness of resident investors. The U.S. position appears to be carrying the day as tax sparing has been on the wane.In contrast with the emerging consensus, I offer a new argument for tax sparing. Drawing on the literature on implicit taxes, I argue that tax incentives produce implicit taxes. From the perspective of the investor, implicit taxes are as real as traditional explicit taxes. Thus, tax sparing is best viewed as extending the foreign tax credit to include implicit taxes. Accordingly, I argue that tax sparing is consistent with the notion of a single level of taxation and the foreign tax credit. I also argue that tax sparing is necessary to prevent domestic investors from being disadvantaged by foreign tax incentives. In addition, I show that such arguments support a greatly expanded form of tax sparing. Finally, I demonstrate that the tax sparing credit, as currently calculated, will usually exceed the implicit tax paid and propose an alternative method of calculating the credit that will place investors residing in countries with worldwide tax systems on par with other investors.
Download or read book Taxation International Cooperation and the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda written by Irma Johanna Mosquera Valderrama and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-29 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access volume addresses the link between international taxation, the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda and the medium-term revenue strategy concept. It also analyses how countries and governments can reinforce this link in current and future initiatives in international taxation, including the base erosion profit shifting project initiated by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development with the political mandate of the G20. It discusses the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda that are relevant for taxation and assesses the current work done by international organizations, regional tax organizations and countries to achieve these Sustainable Development Goals. The contributions to this volume provide an interdisciplinary mix of expertise in tax law, international political economy, global governance and international relations. Through these different perspectives, this volume provides an elaborate reference and evaluation framework for multilateral cooperation on tax and development to strengthen the revenue system of developed and developing countries. This topical volume is of interest to students and researchers of the social sciences, law and economics, as well as policy makers working on taxation.
Download or read book Tax Incentives and Foreign Direct Investment written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign direct investment (FDI) is increasingly being recognized as an important factor in the economic development of countries. More and more countries are striving to create a favourable and enabling climate to attract FDI as a policy priority. This study contains a survey of tax incentive regimes in over 45 countries in the world.
