Download or read book Targeting Myeloid Cells to Fight Cancer written by Maija Hollmén and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-24 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cancer Immunotherapy written by Saul J. Priceman and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-06-04 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumor-associated immune cells, in particular myeloid cells, have opposing roles during cancer development by facilitating antitumor immune responses and driving cancer-promoting inflammation. Defective antitumor immunity is prevalent in cancers, and it is now clear that overcoming the myeloid cell-mediated immunosuppressive microenvironment poses tremendous interest for future cancer therapies. JAK/STAT signaling has come to the forefront as a crucial pathway to induce immunosuppression and procancer inflammation. Specifically, STAT3 activation is critical for the phenotype of myeloid cells by regulating immunosuppressive and prometastatic factors, thereby providing myeloid cells with a multitude of tumor-promoting functions. Genetic ablation of STAT3 in the myeloid compartment induces potent innate and adaptive antitumor immunity along with an inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. Recently, therapeutic targeting of JAK/STAT3 has shown great promise in blocking immunosuppression in preclinical models. One such example is the use of novel siRNA to selectively target STAT3 in myeloid cells, through conjugation to CpG oligonucleotides that agonize Toll receptor TLR9 on myeloid cells. Along with other novel therapeutic strategies to inhibit JAK/STAT signaling, it seems likely that future efforts to target this pathway will be made in single and combination approaches for effective anticancer immunotherapy.
Download or read book Roles of Tumor Recruited Myeloid Cells in Immune Evasion in Cancer written by Sergei Kusmartsev and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells and Cancer written by David Escors and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-15 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book starts with an introduction to and history of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), followed by a description of their differentiation, their role in the tumour microenvironment and their therapeutic targeting. It closes with an outlook on future developments. In cancer patients, myelopoiesis is perturbed and instead of generating immunogenic myeloid cells (such as dendritic cells, inflammatory macrophages and granulocytes), there is an increase in highly immature MDSCs. These cells are distributed systemically, resulting in general immunosuppression. They also infiltrate tumours, promoting their progression and metastasis by inhibiting the natural anti-tumour immune response. As these cells also interact with classical anti-neoplastic treatments, they have become major therapeutic targets in the pharmaceutical industry and in oncology research.
Download or read book Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment for a More Effective and Efficient Cancer Immunotherapy written by Salem Chouaib and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-02 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhancing Immunotherapy for Cancer by Targeting Suppressive Myeloid Cells written by Brooke N. Benner and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NK Myeloid Cell Interactions in the Tumor Microenvironment Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy written by Erik Wennerberg and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhancing Immune Therapy for Cancer by Targeting Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells written by Andrew Robert Stiff and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While some of the mechanisms that cause impaired NK cell and T cell function are linked to processes inherent to tumor cells such as cytokine production and metabolic alterations it is also clear that cancer is linked to the expansion of multiple immune suppressive cell populations such as regulatory T cells (Treg), tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC).
Download or read book Therapeutic targeting Of MDSC in the tumor and immune microenvironment written by Erika Adriana Eksioglu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-18 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification of Myeloid Cell Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy written by Frederik Cichon and published by . This book was released on 2021* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tumor Microenvironment written by Alexander Birbrair and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-08 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book focuses on the role of hematopoietic components of the tumor microenvironment. Further, it teaches readers about the roles of distinct constituents of the tumor microenvironment and how they affect cancer development. Topics include neutrophils, basophils, T helper cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes, fibrocytes, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and more. Taken alongside its companion volumes, these books update us on what we know about various aspects of the tumor microenvironment as well as future directions. Tumor Microenvironment: Hematopoietic Cells – Part A is essential reading for advanced cell biology and cancer biology students as well as researchers seeking an update on research in the tumor microenvironment.
Download or read book Targeting Distinct Tumor infiltrating Myeloid Cells by Inhibiting CSF 1receptor in Solid Tumors written by Saul Jonathan Priceman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cancer Immunotherapy Immuno monitoring Mechanism Treatment Diagnosis and Emerging Tools written by Chao Ma and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-12-16 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade, significant progresses have taken place in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Tumor-targeting immunotherapies are being developed for most human cancers, including melanoma, prostate cancer, glioblastoma, sarcoma, lung carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. The FDA has approved multiple molecular immunotherapeutics, such as Ipilimumab; cellular immunotherapies (e.g. adoptive cell transfer) are being tested in phase II/III clinical trials. Immunotherapetics has evolved into a sophisticated field: Multimodal therapeutic regimens are administrated to induce focused responses, curtail side- effects and improve therapeutic efficacy. The lack of effective clinical assessment tools remains a major challenge. Because of the intricacy of antitumor response, it is essential to scrutinize individual tumor-targeting immune cells and their functions at the finest details – molecules. In this regard, flow cytometry analysis modernized hematology and allows characterization of surface molecular signature on individual cells. More recently, microchip technologies and new variations of cytometry have enormously expanded the spectrum, throughout and multiplexity of single cell analysis. Nowadays, tens of millions of readouts can be generated through the course of a cancer immunotherapy to monitor the abundance, phenotype and a myriad of effector functions of single immune cells. At the same time, big data analytics and data mining methodologies have been adapted to achieve sensible diagnostic interpretations. Such a marriage of technology and analytics opens the door for informative point-of-care assessment of therapeutic efficacy and ensures timely therapeutic decisions. The new generation of personalized clinical diagnostics will revolutionize healthcare in the years to come.
Download or read book Tumor Microenvironments in Organs written by Alexander Birbrair and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-06 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on the tumor microenvironment in over thirty human organs, including the parathyroid gland, heart, intestine, testicles, and more. Taken alongside its companion volumes, these books update us on what we know about the different aspects of the tumor microenvironments in distinct organs as well as future directions. Tumor Microenvironments in Organs: From the Brain to the Skin – Part A is essential reading for advanced cell biology and cancer biology students as well as researchers seeking an update on research in the tumor microenvironment.
Download or read book Interleukin 12 Antitumor Activity and Immunotherapeutic Potential in Oncology written by Witold Lasek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-23 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the immunotherapeutic potential of Interleukin 12 in the context of clinical oncology, as well as antitumor effects confirmed in preclinical studies and clinical trials in cancer immunotherapy. Due to its ability to activate both innate (NK cells) and adaptive (cytotoxic T lymphocytes) immunities, Interleukin 12 (IL-12) has been regarded as a promising candidate for tumor immunotherapy. However, despite the encouraging results in animal models, only very modest antitumor effects have been confirmed in early clinical trials. Recently, several clinical studies have been initiated in which IL-12 was applied as an adjuvant in cancer vaccines, in gene therapy including locoregional injections of IL-12 plasmid, and in the form of tumor-targeting immunocytokines (IL-12 fused to monoclonal antibodies).
Download or read book Identification of Myeloid Cell Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy Using CRISPR Screening written by Anna Montebaur and published by . This book was released on 2020* with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Targeting the CD47 SIRP Alpha Interaction to Stimulate Macrophage Destruction of Cancer written by Kipp Weiskopf and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer cells develop mechanisms to avoid detection by the immune system, and therapeutic approaches aimed at overcoming these mechanisms form the basis of cancer immunotherapy. In this dissertation, I employed macrophages as effector cells by targeting the CD47/SIRPa axis, which is a critical regulator of macrophage activation. CD47 is highly expressed on many different types of cancer, and it transduces inhibitory signals through SIRPa, a receptor on macrophages and other myeloid cells. Thus, the CD47/SIRPa axis serves as a myeloid-specific immune checkpoint. To create next-generation CD47 antagonists, we engineered high-affinity SIRPa variants that exhibited ~50,000-fold higher affinity for human CD47 relative to wild-type SIRPa. When produced as high-affinity SIRPa-Fc fusion proteins, these therapeutics acted as single agents for cancer with moderate on-target toxicity to normal cells expressing CD47. When produced as 14 kDa high-affinity SIRPa monomers, the therapeutics had minimal activity as single agents but instead acted as universal adjuvants to anti-cancer antibodies. Therefore, CD47 blockade is not sufficient to induce macrophage phagocytosis, but instead lowers the threshold for phagocytosis in the presence of a separate, tumor-opsonizing antibody. I demonstrated these principles could be extended to models of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and I identified additional therapeutic targets on the surface of SCLC cells. Last, I generated anti-SIRPa antibodies and characterized KWAR23 as a clone that binds and antagonizes SIRPa directly on macrophages. Therapies targeting the CD47/SIRPa axis are now under investigation in clinical trials. These agents may differ in their pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicity profiles, raising important considerations for further development and clinical evaluation. Overall, the therapies developed in this dissertation could be broadly applied to cancer and may benefit many patients suffering from disease.
