Download or read book Basic Word Order RLE Linguistics B Grammar written by Russell S Tomlin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the frequencies of the six possible basic word (or constituent) orders (SOV, SVO, VSO, VOS, OSV, OVS) provides a typologically grounded explanation for those frequencies in terms of three independent, functional principles of linguistic organization. From a database of nearly 1,000 languages and their basic constituent orders, a sample of 400 languages was produced that is statistically representative of both the genetic and areal distributions of the world’s languages. This sample reveals the following relative frequencies (in order from high to low) of basic constituent order types: (1) SOV and SVO, (2) VSO, (3) VOS and OVS, (4) OSV. It is argued that these relative frequencies can be explained to be the result of the possible interactions of three fundamental functional principles of linguistic organization. Principle 1, the thematic information principle, specifies that initial position is the cross-linguistically favoured position for clause-level thematic information. Principle 2, the verb-object bonding principle, describes the cross-linguistic tendency for a transitive verb and its object to form a more tightly integrated unit, syntactically and semantically, than does a transitive verb and its subject. Principle 3, the animated principle, describes the cross-linguistic tendency for semantic arguments which are either more animate or more agentive to occur earlier in the clause. Each principle is motivated independently of the others, drawing on cross-linguistic data from more than 80 genetically and typologically diverse languages. Given these three independently motivated functional principles, it is argued that the relative frequency of basic constituent order types is due to the tendency for the three principles to be maximally realized in the world’s languages. SOV and SVO languages are typologically most frequent because such basic orders reflect all three principles. The remaining orders occur less frequently because they reflect fewer of the principles. The 1,000-language database and the genetic and areal classification frames are published as appendices to the volume.

Download or read book University of California Publications in Linguistics written by and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book American Anthropologist written by and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Publications Catalog of the Summer Institute of Linguistics International written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reconfiguring Identities written by Laura Ann Bathurst and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 1622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Research in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bulletin de l UNESCO l intention des biblioth ques written by Unesco and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields written by Summer Institute of Linguistics and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Panoan Languages and Linguistics written by David William Fleck and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monographic study of the Panoan family will serve as an invaluable handbook for both Panoanists seeking a broader perspective and scholars who require an introduction to the family. A new classification encompassing all the extant and extinct Panoan languages and dialects, an evaluation of proposed relations to other language families, a detailed history of Panoan linguistics, a typological overview of the phonology and grammar, and a description of ethnolinguistic features in the family combine to provide a complete picture of Panoan languages and linguistics. An index with the synonyms and spelling variants of all the language names and ethnonyms that are or have been claimed to be Panoan will allow for obscure references in the literature to be quickly resolved.

Download or read book Supplement to LC Subject Headings written by Library of Congress. Subject Cataloging Division and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cumulated Index to the Books written by and published by . This book was released on 1935 with total page 2460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Study of Word Stress and Accent written by Rob Goedemans and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stress and accent are central, organizing features of grammar, but their precise nature continues to be a source of mystery and wonder. These issues come to the forefront in the phonetic manifestation of stress and accent, their cross-linguistic variation and the subtle and intricate laws they obey in individual languages. Understanding the nature of stress and accent systems informs all aspects of linguistic theory, methods, typology and especially the grammatical analysis of language data. These themes form the organizational backbone of this book. Bringing together a team of world-renowned phonologists, the volume covers a range of typological and theoretical issues in the study of stress and accent. It will appeal to researchers who value synergistic approaches to the study of stress and accent, careful attention to cross-linguistic variation, and detailed analyzes of both well-studied and understudied languages. The book is a lively testimony of a field of inquiry that shows progress, while also identifying questions for ongoing research.

Download or read book The Negative Existential Cycle written by Ljuba Veselinova and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2022-12-20 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1991, William Croft suggested that negative existentials (typically lexical expressions that mean ‘not exist, not have’) are one possible source for negation markers and gave his hypothesis the name Negative Existential Cycle (NEC). It is a variationist model based on cross-linguistic data. For a good twenty years following its formulation, it was cited at face-value without ever having been tested by (historical)-comparative data. Over the last decade, Ljuba Veselinova has worked on testing the model in a comparative perspective, and this edited volume further expands on her work. The collection presented here features detailed studies of several language families such as Bantu, Chadic and Indo-European. A number of articles focus on the micro-variation and attested historical developments within smaller groups and clusters such as Arabic, Mandarin and Cantonese, and Nanaic. Finally, variation and historical developments in specific languages are discussed for Ancient Hebrew, Ancient Egyptian, Moksha-Mordvin (Uralic), Bashkir (Turkic), Kalmyk (Mongolic), three Pama-Nyungan languages, O’dam (Southern Uto-Aztecan) and Tacana (Takanan, Amazonian Bolivia). The book is concluded by two chapters devoted to modeling cyclical processes in language change from different theoretical perspectives. Key notions discussed throughout the book include affirmative and negative existential constructions, the expansion of the latter into verbal negation, and subsequently from more specific to more general markers of negation. Nominalizations as well as the uses of negative existentials as standalone negative answers figure among the most frequent pathways whereby negative existentials evolve as general negation markers. The operation of the Negative Existential Cycle appears partly genealogically conditioned, as the cycle is found to iterate regularly within some families but never starts in others, as is the case in Bantu. In addition, other special negation markers such as nominal negators are found to undergo similar processes, i.e. they expand into the verbal domain and thereby develop into more general negation markers. The book provides rich information on a specific path of the evolution of negation, on cyclical processes in language change, and it show-cases the historical-comparative method in a modern setting.

Download or read book Report of the Delegates of the United States to the Pan American Scientific Congress Held at Santiago Chile December 25 1908 to January 5 1909 written by United States. Delegation to the Pan-American Scientific Congress. 1st, Santiago de Chile, 1908-09 and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report of the Delegates of the United States to the Pan American Scientific Congress Held at Santiago Chile December 25 1908 to January 5 1909 written by United States. Delegation to the Pan-American Scientific Congress, 1st, 1908-1909, Santiago, Chile and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies in Language written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: