Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Monosized Doped TiO2 Powders written by B. Fegley and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ceramic Powder Preparation A Handbook written by Dibyendu Ganguli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 3. 1 Techniques of Comminution 35 3. 2 Solid-Solid Reactions 42 3. 2. 1 Mixing and Calcination 42 3. 2. 2 Modem Techniques 45 3. 3 Solution Techniques 46 3. 3. 1 Precipitation and Co-precipitation 46 Forced Hydrolysis 3. 3. 2 49 3. 3. 3 Hydrotbennal Synthesis 51 The Sol-Gel Process 3. 3. 4 53 3. 3. 5 Hydrolysis of Metal-Organics 56 The Emulsion Process 3. 3. 6 56 Solvent Vaporization 3. 4 59 3. 4. 1 Simple Evaporation 59 3. 4. 2 Spray Drying 60 3. 4. 3 Spray Pyrolysis 64 3. 4. 4 Freeze Drying 66 3. 5 Vapour-Phase Techniques 68 3. 5. 1 Vaporization-Condensation 68 3. 5. 2 Vapour-Vapour Reaction 68 3. 5. 3 Vapour-Liquid Reaction 70 3. 5. 4 Vapour-Solid Reaction 71 3. 6 Precursor Decomposition 72 3. 6. 1 Salt Decomposition 72 3. 6. 2 Polymer Pyrolysis 73 4. Synthetic Powders : Options in Preparation 75 4. 0 Introduction 75 4. 1 Single and Multiple Oxide Powders 75 4. 1. 1 Aluminium Oxide 75 4. 1. 2 Zirconium Oxide 85 4. 1. 3 Titanium Oxide 96 4. 1. 4 Magnesium Oxide 99 4. 1. 5 Silicon Dioxide 101 4. 1. 6 Rare Earth Oxides 105 Yttrium Oxide 105 Cerium Oxide 106 4. 1. 7 Zinc Oxide 107 [vi] 4. 1. 8 Mullite 110 4. 1. 9 Magnesium Aluminate Spinel 114 4. 1.
Download or read book Preparation Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Commercial TiO2 Powders Co doped by N and S written by Julian Andrés Rengifo Herrera and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Controlled Particle Droplet and Bubble Formation written by D J Wedlock and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to control particle size distributions and to characterize them once formed is an increasingly important topic in the processing industry. Many standard processing techniques are looked at in this book, but from new and innovative perspectives. Well established techniques such as crystallization and precipitation are covered alongside newer technologies such as sol-gel processing. Formation of products using emulsions, aerosols and polymers covered in this book are used across a wide variety of processing industries and all those involved in the processing of chemicals, food, minerals bioproducts and many other products will find this book an informative reference source.
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Lanthana Doped Yttria Monosized Powders written by Mufit Akinc and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ceramic Powder Science proceedings of the Ceramic Powder Science and Technology Synthesis Processing and Characterization Conference August 3 6 1986 Boston Massachusetts written by Gary L. Messing and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis of TiO 1tn2 Based Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Applications written by Kranthi Kumar Akurati and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book British Ceramic Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanocolloids written by Margarita Sanchez-Dominguez and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanocolloids: A Meeting Point for Scientists and Technologists presents an easy-to-read approach to current trends in nanoscale colloid chemistry, which offers relatively simple and economically feasible ways to produce nanomaterials. Nanocolloids have been the subjects of major development in modern technology, with many current and future applications. The book helps scientists and technologists to understand the different aspects of modern nanocolloid science. It outlines the underlying fundamental principles of nanocolloid science and covers applications ranging from emulsions to dispersions and suspensions. You will find details on experimental techniques and methods for the synthesis and characterization of nanocolloids, including the latest developments in nanoemulsions and nanoparticles. - Edited by leading academics with over 10 years' experience in the field of colloid and surfactant science - Each chapter is authored by recognized experts in the field - Outlines the underlying fundamental science behind nanocolloids - Provides comprehensive coverage of current topics and potential applications in nanocolloid science - Presents a multidisciplinary approach to help chemical engineers, chemists, physicists, materials scientists and pharmacologists, form an in-depth understanding of nanocolloid science
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Doped Titanium Dioxide Transition Metal Phosphides Sulfides and Thiophosphates for Photocatalysis and Energy Applications written by Nathaniel Coleman (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis covers synthetic investigations, characterization, and applications of transition metal doped titanium dioxide materials and transition metal phosphide/sulfide structures. Both areas are useful in heterogeneous catalysis, battery energy storage, and in semiconductor light to energy conversion. Two main synthesis routes have been investigated: 1) rapid solid state metathesis (SSM) of transition metal oxides, phosphides, sulfides, and thiophosphates, and 2) sealed ampoule routes of transition metal phosphides and thiophosphates. SSM reactions tend to yield kinetically controlled multiphase products while sealed ampoule routes gave more thermodynamically favorable single phase materials. Approximately 10 mol% of many first row transition metals (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) were targeted for doping into TiO2, using MClx, and sodium peroxide in SSM reactions, targeting an ideal mixed phase of M0.1Ti0.9O2. X-ray diffraction showed rutile TiO2 forms and no separate dopant metal phases were seen until subsequent 1000 °C annealing in air. EDS, ICP, and XPS analysis showed slightly lower than the targeted M:Ti ratios however, the manganese sample had more than the ideal 10 mol % of dopant. DRS data showed estimated bandgap energies of the doped samples within 1.33-2.55 eV. Magnetic susceptibility showed small paramagnetic responses from all samples that increase upon annealing. SEM showed that the doped SSM-TiO2 samples were mixtures of aggregates and blocky particles. The synthesized doped titanias were tested for methylene blue and methyl orange photodegradation under UV and visible light and for H2 generation from water reduction under UV light. The doped titania samples absorb significant amounts of methylene blue dye in the dark with the manganese doped TiO2 sample being the most absorbent. Degradation of methylene blue under UV illumination was observed, however, only modest degradation under visible light was observed.
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen doped Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles for Visible light Photocatalytic Wastewater Treatment written by Mohammad Ali Pelaschi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TiO2 nanoparticles are one of the most suitable materials for photocatalysis, specifically for water and air treatment and removal of a wide variety of organic pollutants such as dyes, aromatic compounds, and chlorinated aromatic compounds. Methods of synthesis of TiO2 are generally categorized in two main classes of wet chemical, and dry methods. Wet chemical methods generally provide a better control over size, size distribution, and shape; all of which significantly affect photocatalytic performance of the produced nanoparticles. Despite its advantages over other semiconductor photocatalysts, wide band-gap of titania restrains its photocatalytic activity to only UV light, which only makes up to 5% of the light reaching surface of the earth. To induce visible-light activity, titania has been doped by different dopants, including transition metal-dopants such as Fe, and Co and non-metal dopants such as N, and C. Nitrogen has been shown to be a better dopant, providing a suitably placed energy state within the band-gap of TiO2, and not suffering from issues related to transition-metal dopants such as low thermal and physical stability and high electron-hole recombination rates. To dope titania with nitrogen, one could add the nitrogen source together with other precursors during synthesis, referred to as wet chemical doping methods, or anneal the synthesized titania nanoparticles under a flow of ammonia at high temperatures, referred to as dry doping methods. While different doping methods have been studied individually, the author maintains that there has been an absence of research comparing the effectiveness of these methods, on photocatalytic performance of N-doped TiO2 within a consistent experiment. In this research TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a facile, inexpensive sol-gel method, and doping was done by wet chemical methods, dry methods, and a combination of both these methods. Visible-light photocatalytic activity of these nanoparticles was evaluated by their efficiency in degradation of methyl orange. The results show wet doping methods increase the efficiency of titania nanoparticles more than dry doping, or combination of both. Further investigation showed that the main reason for higher activity of wet chemically doped nanoparticles is due to their higher available surface area of 131.7 m2.g-1. After normalizing the available surface area, measured by the BET method, it was shown that a combination of wet chemical doping, and dry doping at 600 °C result in the most active nanoparticles, but high temperature dry doping severely decreases the surface area, lowering the overall efficiency of the product. Additionally, N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method, in which the nitrogen source was used not only to dope, but also to control shape, size, size distribution, and morphology of the titania nanoparticles, and to induce aqueous colloidal stability. It was shown that addition of triethylamine during the synthesis, results in ultra-small, colloidally stable, cubic TiO2 nanoparticles, while using triethanolamine results in formation of TiO2 pallets, assembled into spherical, rose-like structures. The synthesized nanoparticles show impressive efficiency in visible-light removal of phenol, 4-chlorophenol, and pentachlorophenol, achieving 100% degradation of a 100-ppm phenol solution in 90 min, more than 98% degradation of a 20-ppm 4-chlorophenol solution in 90 min, and 97% degradation of a 10-ppm pentachlorophenol in 180 min with 500 ppm loading of the catalyst in all cases. Moreover, synthesized nanoparticles showed no sign of deactivation after 5 consecutive runs, removing 4-chlorophenol, showing their reusability.
Download or read book Aqueous Solution Synthesis of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Powders written by Cécile Charbonneau and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterisation of Niobium Doped TiO2 Semiconducting Materials written by Aleksandra J. Gardecka and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Fe doped TiO2 on Fiberglass Cloth for the Wastewater Treatment Reactor written by Faysal Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The photocatalytic wastewater treatment facility presented in this thesis is a promising economic green technology that can degrade wastewater's organic and ammonia pollutants, which produce environmentally sensitive products like CO2, H2O, Nitrates, etc. that can be captured and used in many biological and engineering ways. Previous advances used for this research was determining the importance of cleaning the photocatalytic nanocrystals, Fe-TiO2, as one of the revolutionary improvements that expose and maximizes the active surface of the photocatalytic nanocrystals to the pollutants enabling the strong oxidants produced by the absorption of a photon, excitation of an electron and positive hole to produce oxidants on the surface of the nanocrystals. The oxidants indiscriminately produce CO2 and H2O from living and non-living organic matter to obtain near ~100% clean water. This research focused on taking the next steps in the development of a wastewater cleaning facility tested in our laboratory. An important step involved coating Fe-TiO2 crystals onto flexible, strong, fiber-glass cloth using a sol-gel processing method. Success was found in this research by applying the coated fiberglass cloth into a photoreactor aimed to clean a large amount of water rather than the laboratory scale.
Download or read book Titanium Dioxide written by Magdalena Janus and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-07-26 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Titanium dioxide is mainly used as a pigment and photocatalyst. It is possible to find it in food, cosmetics, building materials, electric devices, and others. This book contains chapters about characteristics of anatase and rutile crystallographic structure of titanium dioxide and the use of theoretical calculation for photoactivity determination.
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Coated and Nitrogen Doped TiO2 for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants Under Uv vis and Visible Ligth Irradiation written by Wan Izhan Nawawi Wan Ismail and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Copper doped and Silver doped Titanium Dioxide Nano catalysts for Photocatalytic Applications written by Haya Abdel Raouf Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this work was to improve the performance of TiO2 nanomaterials by increasing their optical activities by shifting the onset of the response from the UV to the visible-light region. Among the several ways to achieve this goal, doping TiO2 nanomaterials with other elements (e.g. metals) was selected to narrow the band gap and enhance the optical properties of TiO2 nanomaterials. In this work, we have prepared Cu-doped TiO2 and Ag-doped TiO2 nano-catalysts, characterized them and studied their properties, and the optical ones in particular. The Ag-doped TiO2 catalyst was prepared by the sol-gel method while the Cu-doped TiO2 catalyst was prepared by using two different techniques for comparison purposes: the sol-gel method and the inert gas condensation technique under ultra-high vacuum. The Ag-doped TiO2 nano-catalysts prepared by the sol-gel method were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Electron Probe Micro-Analyser (EPMA) for surface morphology and chemical composition, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis for surface area and porosity measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine their crystal structure and UV-visible absorption spectrometry (UV-Vis) to measure the optical properties. The same characterization methods have been applied on the Cudoped TiO2 photocatalysts prepared by the sol-gel method, in addition to some rheological measurements to determine their flow behaviour. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-visible absorption spectrometry (UV-Vis) analyses have been conducted to characterize the Cu-doped TiO2 catalysts prepared by the inert gas condensation technique. vii The experimental work conducted here revealed promising results for improving the performance of the TiO2 nano material by doping it with Cu and Ag metals where the optical activity was enhanced and shifted to the visible region causing an appreciable increase in its effectiveness for photo catalytic applications.
