Download or read book Phthalocyanine Materials written by Neil B. McKeown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-07-13 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph describes the preparation, fabrication and structure of phthalocyanine-based materials.
Download or read book Colorants for Non Textile Applications written by H.S. Freeman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-05-03 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the chemistry of natural and synthetic dyes produced for non-textile markets, where much new basic research in color chemistry is now taking place.The first group of chapters covers the design, synthesis, properties and application technology pertaining to dyes for digital printing and photography. The reader will be pleased with the breadth and depth of information presented in each case. Of particular interest is the discussion of strategies for the design of dyes in these categories, with emphasis on enhancing technical properties. In view of certain new developments, the ink-jet chapter includes results from studies pertaining to dyes for textiles.The three chapters comprising Section II of this volume cover the broad subject of dyes for food, drug and cosmetic applications and then provide an in-depth look at dyes for biomedical applications and molecular recognition. The chapter on dyes for molecular recognition places emphasis on applications in the biological sciences, including sensory materials and artificial receptors. While the former two topics have been covered elsewhere in the past, the present chapters are unequalled in scope.Section III provides an in-depth review of the design of laser dyes and dye-based functional materials. In the first of the two chapters, the major principles of laser operation are summarized. This is followed by a discussion of spectroscopic properties, such as activation and deactivation of absorbed light by laser dyes. Approaches to the development of new laser dyes are presented. The second chapter pertains to the synthesis of dicyanopyrazine-based multifunctional dyes. The visible and fluorescence spectra of these dyes in solution and the solid state are correlated with their three-dimensional molecular structures. Molecular stacking behavior and solid state properties of these "multifunctional" dye materials are presented.The final group of chapters pertains to natural dyes and dyes for natural substrates. In recent years, the impression among certain consumers that "natural" is better/safer has generated much interest in the use of natural dyes rather than synthetics. This has led to a few short discussion papers in which the environmental advantages to using natural dyes have been questioned. The initial chapter in this group provides both a historical look at natural dyes and a comprehensive compilation of natural dye structures and their sources. Though natural dyes are of interest as colorants for textiles, selected ones are used primarily in food and cosmetics.Chapter ten provides an update on the author's previous reviews of structure-color-relationships among precursors employed in the coloration of hair. Chemical constitutions characterizing hair dye structures are presented, along with a summary of available precursors and their environmental properties. Similarly, the chapter on leather dyes covers constitutions and nomenclature, in addition to providing interesting perspectives on the origin and use of leather, the dyeing of leather, and key environmental issues.This volume is concluded with another look at colors in nature. In this case, rather than revisiting colors in plant life, an interesting chapter dealing with color in the absence of colorants is presented. Chapter twelve covers basic concepts of color science and illustrates how 3-D assemblies leading to a plethora of colors are handled in nature. It is our hope that this atypical "color chemistry" chapter will invoke ideas that lead to the design of useful colorants.The chapters presented in this volume demonstrate that color chemistry still has much to offer individuals with inquiring minds who are searching for a career path. This work highlights the creativity of today's color chemists and the wide variety of interesting non-textile areas from which a career can be launched.
Download or read book Retrosynthesis in the Manufacture of Generic Drugs written by Pedro Paulo Santos and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-11-09 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a compendium of information on retrosynthesis and process chemistry, featuring innovative "reaction maps" showing synthetic routes of some widely used drugs This book illustrates how the retrosynthetic tool is applied in the Pharmaceutical Industry. It considers and evaluates the many viable synthetic routes that can be used by practicing industrialists, guiding readers through the various steps that lead to the "best" processes and the limits encountered if these are put into practice on an industrial scale of seven key Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API). It presents an evaluation of the potential each process has for implementation, before merging the two points of view—of retrosynthesis and process chemistry—in order to show how retrosynthetic analysis assists in selecting the most efficient route for an industrial synthesis of a particular compound whilst giving insight into the industrial process. The book also uses some key concepts used by process chemists to improve efficiency to indicate the best route to select. Each chapter in Retrosynthesis in the Manufacture of Generic Drugs Selected Case Studies is dedicated to one drug, with each containing information on: worldwide sales and patent status of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API); structure analysis and general retrosynthetic strategy of the API; first reported synthesis; critical analysis of the processes which have been developed and comparison of the synthetic routes; lessons learned; reaction conditions for Schemes A to X; chemical "highlights" on key reactions used during the synthesis; and references. Drugs covered include: Gabapentin, Clopidogrel, Citalopram and Escitalopram, Sitagliptin, Ezetimibe, Montelukast, and Oseltamivir. Show how the retrosynthetic tool is used by the Pharmaceutical Industry Fills a gap for a book where retrosynthetic analysis is systematically applied to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) Features analyses and methodologies that aid readers in uncovering practical synthetic routes to other drug substances, whether they be NCEs (New Chemical Entities) or generic APIs (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients) Presents information from both the patent and academic literature for those who wish to use as a basis for further study and thought Features the use of "reaction maps" which display several synthetic processes in the same scheme, and which allow easy comparisons of different routes that give the same molecule or intermediate. A selection of these maps are available to download from: https://www.wiley.com/go/santos/retrosynthesis Retrosynthesis in the Manufacture of Generic Drugs Selected Case Studies is an ideal book for researchers and advanced students in organic synthetic chemistry and process chemistry. It will also be of great benefit to practitioners in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly new starters, and those new to process chemistry.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phthalocyanines written by Leznoff, C. C. (Clifford C.) and published by New York : VCH, 1989-c1996.. This book was released on 1989 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up-to-date and written by leading experts, this book is unique in a rapidly expanding field. It provides in-depth discussions and descriptions of the materials, electronic properties and applications of phthalocyanines. Aspects of phthalocyanines covered include * synthesis * polymer aspects * electronic spectroscopy * excited state chemistry and physics * chemical sensors * biological aspects (e.g. photodynamic therapy of cancer) The numerous tables, chemical structures, and references are particularly handy source materials for both the novice and experienced researcher and industrial practitioner interested in phthalocyanines.
Download or read book Phthalonitrile Resins and Composites written by Mehdi Derradji and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phthalonitrile Resins and Composites: Properties and Applications summarizes the latest research on these polymers, providing information that enables materials scientists and engineers to deploy these polymers in the real world. The book gives details on synthesis and preparation techniques for key phthalonitrile monomers. All curing techniques are discussed, along with blends and copolymers of phthalonitrile with other polymeric materials, such as epoxy, benzoxazine and bismaleimide. Fiber and particle based phthalonitrile micro and nanocomposites are also discussed, along with their potential applications in lightweight automobiles, ships, oil rigs, aircraft, wind blades, high temperature bearings, valves, battery and electronic casings, fire resistant textiles, and more. - Introduces the subject of phthalonitrile polymers and their composites - Provides precise information on the synthesis, preparation and curing techniques for phthalonitrile polymers - Discusses developments in key application areas that are intended to facilitate and stimulate real world applications of these materials
Download or read book Functional Phthalocyanine Molecular Materials written by Jianzhuang Jiang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-02-02 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phthalocyanines exhibit intriguing physic-chemical properties that render them important as a class of molecular functional materials. In addition to their traditional applications as dyes and pigments, more recently their use as the organic semiconductors, photodynamic therapy medicines, non-linear optical materials, catalysts for the photo oxidation, optical recording materials, and gas sensors attracts great research interests in these tetrapyrrole species.
Download or read book Advances in Glass Research written by Shadia Jamil Ikhmayies and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers preparation methods, characterization, and applications of most glass families. It reports the fundamentals of glass, challenges in the development, traditional and new manufacturing processes, characterization techniques, structural, thermal, and optical properties. The book reviews redox reactions in glasses and the factors affecting them, in addition to the techniques for determining the redox states and speciation of polyvalent ions in glass. A special chapter is dedicate to phosphate glasses, their importance, preparation methods, structure and properties. The use of different types of phosphate glasses in biomedicine, optics, electrochemistry, and as hosts for nuclear wastes is thoroughly discussed. Moreover, the applications of phosphate glasses in electronics and laser technology are also discussed in this book. Recent experimental studies such as the development of a novel bioglass system and the influence of ZnO, TiO2, and Al2O3 incorporation on structural, mechanical strength, degradation, pH variation, and formation of hydroxyapatite (Hap) layer on the glass surface are reported. Promising aluminum-silicate glassy system and its glass-ceramic counterpart are also presented in this books. An overview of the calorimetry approaches related to rare earth improvements on the thermal stability of glass is provided. The book discusses the advances in the chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) and based devices. It also reports their applications in optical devices, semiconductor circuits, and other applications. In addition, lanthanide and/or QDs doped luminescent glasses and their use in solid-state lighting and displays, security (anti-counterfeiting), optical temperature sensors, and solar energy (solar spectrum conversion) are reviewed along with a comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the nature of phthalocyanines as materials for glass coatings and most widely used synthesis methods of porphyrins and phthalocyanines are discussed.
Download or read book Index to Theses with Abstracts Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemistry of Zeolites and Related Porous Materials written by Ruren Xu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-05-29 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widely used in adsorption, catalysis and ion exchange, the family of molecular sieves such as zeolites has been greatly extended and many advances have recently been achieved in the field of molecular sieves synthesis and related porous materials. Chemistry of Zeolites and Related Porous Materials focuses on the synthetic and structural chemistry of the major types of molecular sieves. It offers a systematic introduction to and an in-depth discussion of microporous, mesoporous, and macroporous materials and also includes metal-organic frameworks. Provides focused coverage of the key aspects of molecular sieves Features two frontier subjects: molecular engineering and host-guest advanced materials Comprehensively covers both theory and application with particular emphasis on industrial uses This book is essential reading for researches in the chemical and materials industries and research institutions. The book is also indispensable for researches and engineers in R&D (for catalysis) divisions of companies in petroleum refining and the petrochemical and fine chemical industries.
Download or read book Novel Defence Functional and Engineering Materials NDFEM Volume 1 written by Eswara Prasad Namburi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book British Reports Translations and Theses written by British Library. Document Supply Centre and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 908 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issue for Mar. 1981 contains index for Jan.-Mar. 1981 in microfiche form.
Download or read book Materials Science in Photocatalysis written by Elisa I. Garcia Lopez and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-08-15 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Science in Photocatalysis provides a complete overview of the different semiconductor materials, from titania to third-generation photocatalysts, examining the increasing complexity and novelty of the materials science in photocatalytic materials. The book describes the most recommended synthesis procedure for each of them and the suitable characterization techniques for determining the optical, structural, morphological, and physical-chemical properties. The most suitable applications of the photocatalysts are described in detail, as well as their environmental applications for wastewater treatment, gaseous effluents depollution, water splitting, CO2 ?xation, selective organic synthesis, coupling reactions, and other selective transformations under both UV light and visible-light irradiation. This book offers a useful reference for a wide audience from students studying chemical engineering and materials chemistry to experienced researchers working on chemical engineering, materials science, materials engineering, environment engineering, nanotechnology, and green chemistry. - Includes a complete overview of the different semiconductor materials used as photocatalysts - Describes methods of preparation and characterization of photocatalysts and their applications - Examines new possibilities to prepare effective photocatalysts
Download or read book Thermosets written by Qipeng Guo and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermosets: Structure, Properties, and Applications, Second Edition builds on and updates the existing review of mechanical and thermal properties, as well as rheology and curing processes of thermosets, and the role of nanostructures in thermoset toughening. All chapters have been updated or re-written, and new chapters have been added to reflect ongoing changes and developments in the field of thermosetting materials and the applications of these materials. Applications of thermosets are the focus of the second part of the book, including the use of thermosets in the building and construction industry, aerospace technology and as insulation materials. Thermoset adhesives and coatings, including epoxy resins, acrylates and polyurethanes are also discussed, followed by a review of thermosets for electrical applications. New chapters include coverage of thermoset nanocomposites, recycling issues, and applications such as consumer goods, transportation, energy and defence. With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, the second edition of Thermosets: Structure, Properties, and Applications is an essential guide for engineers, chemists, physicists and polymer scientists involved in the development, production and application of thermosets, as well as providing a useful review for academic researchers in the field. - Links structure, properties, and applications, making this book relevant to both academia and engineers in industry - Includes entirely new chapters on the use of thermosets in aerospace, transport, defense, and a range of consumer applications - Enables practitioners to stay current on the latest developments in recycling of thermosets and their composites
Download or read book Optical Spectra of Phthalocyanines and Related Compounds written by Hiroaki Isago and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-18 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book displays how optical (absorption, emission, and magnetic circular dichroism) spectra of phthalocyanines and related macrocyclic dyes can be varied from their prototypical ones depending on conditions. As these compounds can be involved in colorful chemistry (which might be driven by impurities in solvents), their spectra behave like the sea-god Proteus in their mutability. Therefore, those who have been engaged with phthalocyanines for the first time, including even educated professional researchers and engineers, may have been embarrassed by the deceptive behavior of their compounds and could have, in the worst cases, given up their projects. This book is aimed not merely at reviewing the optical spectra, but also at helping such people, particularly beginners, to figure them out by showing some examples of their prototypical spectra and their variations in several situations. For the purpose of better understanding, the book also provides an introduction to their theoretical backgrounds as graphically as possible and without mathematicization for readers who are weak in mathematics.
Download or read book Novel Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Materials written by Annelise Kopp Alves and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanostructured materials have been largely studied in the last few years. They have great potential of applications in different fields such as materials science, physics, chemistry, biology, mechanic and medicine. Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured materials is a subject of great interest involving science, market, politicians, government and society. Based on results obtained by the authors' research group during the past decade, this book comes to present novel techniques to synthesize nanostructured materials and characterize their properties such as crystallinity and crystallite size, specific surface area, particle size, morphology and catalytic activity. This book is aimed for students, researchers and engineers searching for methodologies to obtain and characterize nanostructures in details.
Download or read book Introduction to X Ray Powder Diffractometry written by Ron Jenkins and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1996-07-12 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to X-ray Powder Diffractometry fully updates the achievements in the field over the past fifteen years and provides a much-needed explanation of the state-of-the-art techniques involved in characterizing materials. It covers the latest instruments and methods, with an emphasis on the fundamentals of the diffractometer, its components, alignment, calibration, and automation. While the material is presented in an orderly progression, beginning with basic concepts and moving on to more complex material, each chapter stands on its own and can be studied independently or used as a professional reference. More than 230 illustrations and tables demonstrate techniques and clarify complex material.
