Download or read book Proceedings of the Symposium on Humid Tropics Vegetation written by Unesco. South East Asia Science Cooperation Office and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Vegetation and Physiography of Sumatra written by Yves Laumonier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifteen years ago, approximately half the world population was estimated to live in continental and insular South-East Asia (Burma, Thailand, Kampuchea, Vietnam, Laos, Indonesia, Philippines). Then the region had a population growth of four million people every month, and the problem of malnutrition was acute for the rural population. International agricultural development organisations decided that their primary aim would be to double existing levels of agricultural production and, taking account of population growth, to double it again by the end of the century (Whyte 1976). Today, while global issues have greatly affected the parameters of the problem, the situation remains both serious and difficult. Despite impressive efforts in education and health, Indonesia for example, where population (179 millions) growth eased off only slightly between 1980 and 1990 (from 2. 3 percent to 1. 9 percent), is having to cope with increasing difficulties in managing natural resources and particularly its evanescent forest assets which, until 1986, were the second largest source of national revenue. Indonesia has the second largest surface area of tropical rain forests in the world (after Brazil) and thus all the problems linked with management and disappearance of those forests. The latest estimate gives a figure of 109 million hectares of forest in 1990, of which 40. 8 million hectares are production forests (Anon. -F AO 1990).
Download or read book Tropical Peatland Ecosystems written by Mitsuru Osaki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-07 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an excellent resource for scientists, political decision makers, and students interested in the impact of peatlands on climate change and ecosystem function, containing a plethora of recent research results such as monitoring-sensing-modeling for carbon–water flux/storage, biodiversity and peatland management in tropical regions. It is estimated that more than 23 million hectares (62 %) of the total global tropical peatland area are located in Southeast Asia, in lowland or coastal areas of East Sumatra, Kalimantan, West Papua, Papua New Guinea, Brunei, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak and Southeast Thailand. Tropical peatland has a vital carbon–water storage function and is host to a huge diversity of plant and animal species. Peatland ecosystems are extremely vulnerable to climate change and the impacts of human activities such as logging, drainage and conversion to agricultural land. In Southeast Asia, severe episodic droughts associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, in combination with over-drainage, forest degradation, and land-use changes, have caused widespread peatland fires and microbial peat oxidation. Indonesia's 20 Mha peatland area is estimated to include about 45–55 GtC of carbon stocks. As a result of land use and development, Indonesia is the third largest emitter of greenhouse gases (2–3 Gtons carbon dioxide equivalent per year), 80 % of which is due to deforestation and peatland loss. Thus, tropical peatlands are key ecosystems in terms of the carbon–water cycle and climate change.
Download or read book Subsistence and Survival written by Timothy P. Bayliss-Smith and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Subsistence and Survival: Rural Ecology in the Pacific covers the ecology of man's environment, man's use and perception of biological resources, and the physiology and health of the human organism itself. The geographical range of this text extends from the glaciated uplands of Papua New Guinea, through the montane forests and grasslands of the Highlands, into the coastal jungles, and across to the smaller islands and atolls of the South West Pacific. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 14 chapters. The first part deals with the theory and applications of human ecology. The next part considers first the International Biological Program in New Guinea concerning the link between human ecology and biomedical research. This part also explores the nutritional adaptation among the Enga and in Melanesia, and then introduces the principles of environmental health engineering as human ecology. The subsequent two parts highlight the impact of human activities on the environment, with an emphasis on the association between environmental exploitation and human subsistence. The final part discusses the relevance of self-subsistence communities for world ecosystem management. This book will be of great value to anthropologists, geographers, human biologists, nutritionists, botanists, and public health engineers.
Download or read book Tropical Forests in Transition written by J. Goldammer and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In evolutionary time scales natural disturbances have affected the vegetation on Earth. During the Quaternary the forest biomes of the tropics were subjected to manifold disturbances. Climate changes and climate oscillations were associated with changing precipitation and drought regimes, flooding, siltation, landslides, etc. The prehistorical forest was also influenced by the effects of large wildlife populations. Large-scale catastrophies in the forest biomes were mainly caused by abiotic environmental alterations, the small-scale disturbances were and still are related to both biotic and abiotic processes. Both the large-and the small-scale disturbances have played a significant role in shaping distribution, dynamics, structure and composition of the paleoforest. After the expansion of hominids and early humans, and later, by modern humans, the anthropogenic influences on the tropical forest began to overlap natural disturbances. Today's anthropogenic impacts on the tropical forests differ qualitatively and quanitatively from the natural disturbances. The speed of tropical deforestation and savannization is dramatically increasing. The physical and chemical impacts of forest conversion and biomass burning add to other anthropogenic influences on the atmosphere and climate. The expected anthropogenic climate change will also have considerable impacts on the tropical flora and fauna. The book on "Tropical Forests in Transition" synthesizes information on changing environmental conditions and human impacts on the tropical forest by looking back to the paleoecology, analyzing the impact of modern human populations and modeling the future of the tropical forest in a changing environment. The aim of the book is to strengthen multidisciplinary thinking in disturbance ecology.
Download or read book Palaeohistoria written by Institute of Archaeology and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-26 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes a collection of papers, dedicated to Tjalling Waterbolk, on various topics, including palaeobotanical and archaeological research, prehistoric settlement in the province of Drenthe and the coastal areas of Groningen and Friesland, and radiocarbon dating of archaeological samples.
Download or read book Ecology of Kalimantan written by Kathy MacKinnon and published by Tuttle Publishing. This book was released on 2013-02-05 with total page 783 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ecology of Kalimantan is a comprehensive ecological survey of one of Indonesia's largest and most diverse islands. This book presents a complete summary of our current scientific knowledge about Borneo including the rainforest and riverine habitats that are endangered by logging and industrial development, along with a discussion of land use patterns and current problems. Kalimantan is the Indonesian portion of the huge island of Borneo. Kalimantan has played a key role in Indonesia’s economic development and is a major earner of foreign revenue due to the island's rich natural resources: forests, oil, gas, coal, and other minerals. In this book the authors argue that Kalimantan can be developed, but within tight ecological constraints and with great care. This book remains a standard reference for scientists, anthropologists, writers, and anyone interested in the region.
Download or read book Nature and Nation written by Jeyamalar Kathirithamby-Wells and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2005-10-31 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nature and Nation explores the relations between people and forests in Peninsular Malaysia where the planet's richest terrestrial eco-system met head-on with the fastest pace of economic transformation experienced in the tropical world. It engages the interplay of history, culture, science, economics and politics to provide a holistic interpretation of the continuing relevance of forests to state and society in the moist tropics. Malaysia has long been singled out for emulation by developing nations, an accolade contradicted in recent years by concerns over its capital-, rather than poverty-driven forest depletion. The Malaysian case supports the call for re-appraisal of entrenched prescriptions for development that go beyond material needs. -- Book cover.
Download or read book Quantitative Plant Ecology written by Peter Greig-Smith and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tropical Grazing Lands written by R.O. Whyte and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1.1 Objective and scope These chapters are not intended as a treatise on range management of tropical grazing lands, nor on the agronomy of sown pastures and cultivated fodder crops, aspects of applied science that are only one stage above scientific farming and use of land. An attempt is made to present the vegetation sciences, or botany and ecology in their widest aspects, as the essential background for their application in economic land use and plant and animal husbandry. The basic thesis is that science is global, but that its practical application is restricted to specific biological and socio economic habitats. The region covered is termed the intertropical zone. This comprises the equatorial latitudes, the tropics and subtropics. It is not only that part of the globe lying between latitudes 30° north and south of the Equator, as proposed by some writers (DAVIES, W., 1960; repeated by DAVIES & SKIDMORE, 1966). Rather is it those regions of the world in which, at the lower elevations, certain families and members of the Gramineae and Leguminosae grow wild or can be cultivated. It may be a matter for discussion whether these plants in their wild communities or sown or planted crop mixtures are better indicators of a biological environment than the instruments and criteria of the meteorologists.
Download or read book The Ecology of Areas with Serpentinized Rocks written by B.A. Roberts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Udjung Kulon written by A. Hoogerwerf and published by Brill Archive. This book was released on 1970 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regeneration of Selected Tropical Tree Species in Corcovado National Park Costa Rica written by Stanley Robert Herwitz and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Review of Dipterocarps written by Simmathiri Appanah and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report of Symposium on Ecological Effects of Increasing Human Activities on Tropical and Subtropical Forest Ecosystems University of Papua New Guinea 28 April 1 May 1975 written by Unesco. Programme on Man and the Biosphere and published by Australian Government Publishing Service. This book was released on 1976 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foundations of Tropical Forest Biology written by Robin L. Chazdon and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2002-02 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a timely collection of pioneering work in the study of these diverse and fascinating ecosystems. It consists of facsimiles of papers chosen by world experts in tropical biology as the 'classics' in the field.
Download or read book Biogeography written by James Allan Taylor and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 1984 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biogeography has been one of the great growth areas in geography in recent years, with much new research work and many new developments taking place. This book presents an authoritative, up-to-date, international review of all the major biogeographical themes. The chapters define each theme and its place within biogeography and consider the methods of study adopted. Each chapter then assesses recent trends and the latest state of the art, and concludes by examining where future developments are likely. Many case-studies and examples are provided, from throughout the world, including North America.
