Download or read book Sustainable Solar Energy Conversion Using Earth Abundant Materials written by S. Jin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sustainable Solar Energy Conversion Using Earth Abundant Materials written by Yat Li and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion written by Kuan Yew Cheong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-05 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion provides a concise reference on green processing and synthesis of materials required for the next generation of devices used in renewable energy conversion and storage. The book covers the processing of bio-organic materials, environmentally-friendly organic and inorganic sources of materials, synthetic green chemistry, bioresorbable and transient properties of functional materials, and the concept of sustainable material design. The book features chapters by worldwide experts and is an important reference for students, researchers, and engineers interested in gaining extensive knowledge concerning green processing of sustainable, green functional materials for next generation energy devices. Additionally, functional materials used in energy devices must also be able to degrade and decompose with minimum energy after being disposed of at their end-of-life. Environmental pollution is one of the global crises that endangers the life cycles of living things. There are multiple root causes of this pollution, including industrialization that demands a huge supply of raw materials for the production of products related to meeting the demands of the Internet-of-Things. As a result, improvement of material and product life cycles by incorporation of green, sustainable principles is essential to address this challenging issue. Offers a resourceful reference for readers interested in green processing of environmentally-friendly and sustainable materials for energy conversion and storage devices Focuses on designing of materials through green-processing concepts Highlights challenges and opportunities in green processing of renewable materials for energy devices

Download or read book Solar Energy Conversion in Communities written by Ion Visa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-19 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents novel findings concerning the systems, materials and processes used in solar energy conversion in communities. It begins with the core resource – solar radiation – and discusses the restrictions on the wide-scale implementation of conversion systems imposed by the built environment, as well as potential solutions. The book also describes efficient solar energy conversion in detail, focusing on heat and electricity production in communities and water reuse. Lastly, it analyzes the concept of sustainable communities, presenting examples from around the globe, along with novel approaches to improving their feasibility and affordability. Though chiefly intended for professionals working in the field of sustainability at the community level, the book will also be of interest to researchers, academics and doctoral students.

Download or read book Solar Energy Conversion Systems written by Jeffrey R. S. Brownson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar energy conversion requires a different mind-set from traditional energy engineering in order to assess distribution, scales of use, systems design, predictive economic models for fluctuating solar resources, and planning to address transient cycles and social adoption. Solar Energy Conversion Systems examines solar energy conversion as an integrative design process, applying systems thinking methods to a solid knowledge base for creators of solar energy systems. This approach permits different levels of access for the emerging broad audience of scientists, engineers, architects, planners, and economists. Traditional texts in solar energy engineering have often emerged from mechanical or chemical engineering fields. Instead, Solar Energy Conversion Systems approaches solar energy conversion from the perspectives of integrative design, environmental technology, sustainability science, and materials science in the wake of amazing new thin films, polymers, and glasses developed by the optoelectronics and semiconductor industries. This is a new solar text for the new generation of green job designers and developers. It's highlighted with vignettes that break down solar conversion into useful stories and provides common points of reference, as well as techniques, for effective estimation of evolving technologies. - Contextualizes solar conversion for systems design and implementation in practical applications - Provides a complete understanding of solar power, from underlying science to essential economic outcomes - Analytical approach emphasizes systems simulations from measured irradiance and weather data rather than estimations from "rules of thumb" - Emphasizes integrative design and solar utility, where trans-disciplinary teams can develop sustainable solar solutions that increase client well-being and ecosystems services for a given locale

Download or read book Carbonaceous Materials and Future Energy written by Ramendra Sundar Dey and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonaceous Materials and Future Energy: Clean and Renewable Energy Sources provides a systematic analysis of the emerging renewable energy alternatives to fossil fuel and their impact on the current socio-economic premise, with carbonaceous chemistry at their base. The present-day fossil fuel–dependent energy scenario is obsolete, rapidly decaying with resource constraints and sparking climate change risks like global warming; therefore, a technological revolution is needed in terms of global energy sustainability. This book is a humble attempt to recognise various contemporary as well as transpiring alternative state-of-the-art energy technologies, and the immense potential carbon materials have in changing the future face of energy. Carbon is the most earth-abundant material with an awe-inspiring range of allotropes that render wonderful properties such as tunable morphology, electrical conductivity, impressive surface area, etc., when explored in the nanoscale. Therefore, carbon has the ability to replace expensive and corrosive metals as electrodes in various existing energy technologies, especially in storage, conversion and harvesting. Carbon-based composite materials offer extensive mechanical strength, although they are super lightweight and can be placed in portable devices, yet perform for longer times with the added benefit of recyclability. This book features discussions on the ecological impacts of the existing fossil fuel–based energy technologies along with various global energy prediction indicators that dictate the integrated risk, the multi-scale changes as well as the need for sustainable alternatives. It also highlights various state-of-the-art renewable energy techniques, including solar photovoltaics, wind, geothermal, and biowaste-based energy. Most importantly, recognition is given to hybrid energy storage and conversion systems as today’s most important and sustainable source of power based on carbonaceous materials, especially their abundance, tunability, and recyclability. The author then focuses on the integration of available experimental information with future prospects for delivering real-world solutions to existing energy scarcity and helping to unravel sustainable routes with improved energy laws and policies. Features Detailed discussion about the current worldwide energy crisis at the societal scale and the gradual growth of alternative sustainable energy options Elucidation of the role of carbon in revolutionising nanoscience and its bright prospects in developing the future energy scenario with its abundance, eco-friendly nature as well as recyclability Extensive discussion of various state-of-the-art energy systems including hybrid technologies and their stages of technological maturity, commercialisation, and future prospects. Presentation of information in an accessible way for a broad audience; especially students, researchers, and scientists, working in the vast field of energy, looking for concise information about current and future energy solutions and exploring them with carbonaceous chemistry ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This book gives an integrative overview about how the next-generation energy technology can be built upon the current and future prospects of carbonaceous chemistry. It includes extensive literature-survey analysis as well as detailed discussion of the commercialisation from the laboratory scale to realising the dream of decentralising grid-based electric supply with sustainable energy. Therefore, the book may serve as a prospective source for multi-disciplinary energy researchers searching for viable renewable energy solutions in terms of complex global sustainability, making it an essential guide and reference.

Download or read book Development of Earth abundant Materials and Low cost Processes for Solar Cells written by Chih-Liang Wang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of renewable solar energy research is to develop low-cost, high-efficiency photovoltaic technologies. However, with the growing deployment of solar cells, approaching the terawatt scale, absorber materials reliant upon rare or unfriendly elements become a crucial issue. Thus, the primary objective of this dissertation is the development of a low-cost fabrication method for (i) thin-film solar cells and (ii) dye-sensitized solar cells using earth-abundant materials. In thin-film solar cells, the kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 with earth abundant elements is used as an absorber layer. It possesses a high absorption coefficient, direct band gap, and good long-term stability compared to the traditional CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) absorber layers. A facile hot-injection approach for synthesizing Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 nanocrystals with varied Se to (S+Se) ratio is developed to systematically investigate the role of Se in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 nanocrystals and the evolution of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 nanocrystals to Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 film during the sulfurization step to address the problems associated with its narrow compositional window and the loss of Sn during heat treatment. Additionally, the existing substrate-type device configuration for these solar cells uses a molybdenum (Mo) back contact, which suffers from serious disadvantages like the (i) presence of a Schottky barrier at the Mo/Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 interface and (ii) decomposition of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 at the Mo interface. Accordingly, a low-cost and Mo-free superstrate-type device configuration of Au/Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4/CdS/TiO2/ITO/glass is developed to evaluate the conversion efficiency and to avoid the occurrence of a Schottky barrier at the interface and potential decomposition pathways induced by the formation of Mo(S,Se)2. Furthermore, with the addition of ethyl cellulose, the loss of Sn associated with the conversion of CZTSe to CZTSSe during the grain growth process is mitigated, leading to an increase in the conversion efficiency compared to that of the precursor film without using ethyl cellulose. Such an improvement can provide insight into the grain growth of CZTSSe during the sulfurization process and thereby enhance the feasibility of sustainable, high efficiency CZTSSe solar devices. The excellent characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with short energy-payback time, simple assembly, and eco-friendly features make them a potential option to utilize solar energy. Accordingly, a facile, low-cost, template-free route for TiO2 hollow submicrospheres embedded with SnO2 nanobeans is developed for use as a versatile scattering layer in DSSCs. Our designed structure simultaneously promotes dye adsorption, light harvesting, and electron transport, leading to a 28 % improvement in the conversion efficiency as compared with the film-based SnO2. In addition, a naturally-derived carbonaceous material as a Pt-free counter electrode for DSSCs is also developed for the first time: carbonized sucrose-coated eggshell membrane (CSEM). It is found that the carbonized sucrose-coated eggshell membranes consist of unique micropores of less than 2 nm, which effectively catalyze the triiodide into iodide in the light-electricity conversion process, leading to an improvement in the V [subscript oc] and a competitive efficiency as compared to that of a DSSC with a traditional Pt-based counter electrode.

Download or read book Earth Abundant Materials for Solar Cells written by Sadao Adachi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-28 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systematically describes the physical and materials properties of copper-based quaternary chalcogenide semiconductor materials, enabling their potential for photovoltaic device applications. Intended for scientists and engineers, in particular, in the fields of multinary semiconductor physics and a variety of photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices.

Download or read book Photovoltaics Beyond Silicon written by Senthilarasu Sundaram and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-07-01 with total page 819 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photovoltaics Beyond Silicon: Innovative Materials, Sustainable Processing Technologies, and Novel Device Structures presents the latest innovations in materials, processing and devices to produce electricity via advanced, sustainable photovoltaics technologies. The book provides an overview of the novel materials and device architectures that have been developed to optimize energy conversion efficiencies and minimize environmental impacts. Advances in technologies for harnessing solar energy are extensively discussed, with topics including materials processing, device fabrication, sustainability of materials and manufacturing, and the current state-of-the-art. Contributions from leading international experts discuss the applications, challenges and future prospects of research in this increasingly vital field, providing a valuable resource for students and researchers working in this area. - Presents a comprehensive overview and detailed discussion of solar energy technology options for sustainable energy conversion - Provides an understanding of the environmental challenges to be overcome and discusses the importance of efficient materials utilization for clean energy - Looks at how to design materials processing and optimize device fabrication, including metrics such as power-to-weight ratio, effectiveness at EOL compared to BOL, life-cycle analysis

Download or read book Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion written by Kuan Yew Cheong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-01 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion provides a concise reference on green processing and synthesis of materials required for the next generation of devices used in renewable energy conversion and storage. The book covers the processing of bio-organic materials, environmentally-friendly organic and inorganic sources of materials, synthetic green chemistry, bioresorbable and transient properties of functional materials, and the concept of sustainable material design. The book features chapters by worldwide experts and is an important reference for students, researchers, and engineers interested in gaining extensive knowledge concerning green processing of sustainable, green functional materials for next generation energy devices. Additionally, functional materials used in energy devices must also be able to degrade and decompose with minimum energy after being disposed of at their end-of-life. Environmental pollution is one of the global crises that endangers the life cycles of living things. There are multiple root causes of this pollution, including industrialization that demands a huge supply of raw materials for the production of products related to meeting the demands of the Internet-of-Things. As a result, improvement of material and product life cycles by incorporation of green, sustainable principles is essential to address this challenging issue. - Offers a resourceful reference for readers interested in green processing of environmentally-friendly and sustainable materials for energy conversion and storage devices - Focuses on designing of materials through green-processing concepts - Highlights challenges and opportunities in green processing of renewable materials for energy devices

Download or read book Study of Earth Abundant TCO and Absorber Materials for Photovoltaic Applications written by Tejas Prabhakar and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to make photovoltaic power generation a sustainable venture, it is necessary to use cost-effective materials in the manufacture of solar cells. In this regard, AZO (Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide) and CZTS (Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide) have been studied for their application in thin film solar cells. While AZO is a transparent conducting oxide, CZTS is a photovoltaic absorber. Both AZO and CZTS consist of earth abundant elements and are non-toxic in nature. Highly transparent and conductive AZO thin films were grown using RF sputtering. The influence of deposition parameters such as working pressure, RF power, substrate temperature and flow rate on the film characteristics was investigated. The as-grown films had a high degree of preferred orientation along the (002) direction which enhanced at lower working pressures, higher RF powers and lower substrate temperatures. Williamson-Hall analysis on the films revealed that as the working pressure was increased, the nature of stress and strain gradually changed from being compressive to tensile. The fall in optical transmission of the films was a consequence of free carrier absorption resulting from enhanced carrier density due to incorporation of Al atoms or oxygen vacancies. The optical and electrical properties of the films were described well by the Burstein-Moss effect. CZTS absorber layers were grown using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis at a deposition temperature of 350 C and subsequently annealed in a sulfurization furnace. Measurements from XRD and Raman spectra confirmed the presence of pure single phase Cu2ZnSnS4 . Texture analysis of as-deposited and annealed CZTS films indicated that the (112) plane which is characteristic of the kesterite phase was preferred. The grain size increased from 50 nm to 100 nm on conducting post-deposition annealing. CZTS films with stoichiometric composition yielded a band gap of 1.5 eV, which is optimal for solar energy conversion. The variation of tin in the film changed its resistivity by several orders of magnitude and subsequently the tin free ternary chalcogenide Cu2ZnS2 having very low resistivity was obtained. By carefully optimization of concentrations of tin, zinc and copper, a zinc-rich/tin-rich/copper-poor composition was found to be most suitable for solar cell applications. Etching of CZTS films using KCN solution reduced their resistivity, possibly due to the elimination of binary copper sulfide phases. CZTS solar cells were fabricated both in the substrate and superstrate configurations.

Download or read book Materials for Sustainable Energy written by Vincent Dusastre and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The search for cleaner, cheaper, smaller and more efficient energy technologies has to a large extent been motivated by the development of new materials. The aim of this collection of articles is therefore to focus on what materials-based solutions can offer and show how the rationale design and improvement of their physical and chemical properties can lead to energy-production alternatives that have the potential to compete with existing technologies. In terms of alternative means to generate electricity that utilize renewable energy sources, the most dramatic breakthroughs for both mobile (i.e., transportation) and stationary applications are taking place in the fields of solar and fuel cells. And from an energy-storage perspective, exciting developments can be seen emerging from the fields of rechargeable batteries and hydrogen storage.

Download or read book Rational Design of Solar Cells for Efficient Solar Energy Conversion written by Alagarsamy Pandikumar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An interdisciplinary guide to the newest solar cell technology for efficient renewable energy Rational Design of Solar Cells for Efficient Solar Energy Conversion explores the development of the most recent solar technology and materials used to manufacture solar cells in order to achieve higher solar energy conversion efficiency. The text offers an interdisciplinary approach and combines information on dye-sensitized solar cells, organic solar cells, polymer solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and quantum dot solar cells. The text contains contributions from noted experts in the fields of chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering. The authors review the development of components such as photoanodes, sensitizers, electrolytes, and photocathodes for high performance dye-sensitized solar cells. In addition, the text puts the focus on the design of material assemblies to achieve higher solar energy conversion. This important resource: Offers a comprehensive review of recent developments in solar cell technology Includes information on a variety of solar cell materials and devices, focusing on dye-sensitized solar cells Contains a thorough approach beginning with the fundamental material characterization and concluding with real-world device application. Presents content from researchers in multiple fields of study such as physicists, engineers, and material scientists Written for researchers, scientists, and engineers in university and industry laboratories, Rational Design of Solar Cells for Efficient Solar Energy Conversion offers a comprehensive review of the newest developments and applications of solar cells with contributions from a range of experts in various disciplines.

Download or read book Solar Energy Conversion Systems written by Jeffrey R. S. Brownson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-11-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar Energy Conversion Systems, Second Edition examines solar energy conversion as an integrative design process, applying systems thinking methods to a solid knowledge base for creators of solar energy systems. New to this edition are extended problem sets in each chapter, a new technology optimization chapter, and increased modular content broken down, including practical applications, modeling and problem solving sets with solutions. The book approaches solar energy conversion from the perspectives of integrative design, environmental technology, sustainability science, and materials science in the wake of amazing new thin films, polymers and glasses developed by the optoelectronics and semiconductor industries. This approach permits different levels of access for an emerging broad audience of scientists, engineers, architects, planners and economists. This is a new solar text for the new generation of green job designers and developers. It’s highlighted with vignettes that break down solar conversion into useful stories and provides common points of reference, as well as techniques, for effective estimation of evolving technologies. Contextualizes solar conversion for systems design and implementation in practical applications Emphasizes systems simulations from measured irradiance and weather data rather than estimations from "rules of thumb" Covers integrative design and solar utility where trans-disciplinary teams can develop sustainable solar solutions that increase client well-being and ecosystems services for a given locale Broken down into modular sectioned content in practical applications, modeling, problem-solving sets with solutions, foundational concepts, procedures and cases

Download or read book Sustainable Material Solutions for Solar Energy Technologies written by Mariana Amorim Fraga and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-08-18 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Material Solutions for Solar Energy Technologies: Processing Techniques and Applications provides an overview of challenges that must be addressed to efficiently utilize solar energy. The book explores novel materials and device architectures that have been developed to optimize energy conversion efficiencies and minimize environmental impacts. Advances in technologies for harnessing solar energy are extensively discussed, with topics including materials processing, device fabrication, sustainability of materials and manufacturing, and current state-of-the-art. Leading international experts discuss the applications, challenges, and future prospects of research in this increasingly vital field, providing a valuable resource for students and researchers working in this field. - Explores the fundamentals of sustainable materials for solar energy applications, with in-depth discussions of the most promising material solutions for solar energy technologies: photocatalysis, photovoltaic, hydrogen production, harvesting and storage - Discusses the environmental challenges to be overcome and importance of efficient materials utilization for clean energy - Looks at design materials processing and optimization of device fabrication via metrics such as power-to-weight ratio, effectiveness at EOL compared to BOL, and life-cycle analysis

Download or read book Solar Energy Conversion And Photoenergy System Volume I written by Julian Blanco and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-10-29 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar Energy Conversion and Photoenergy Systems theme in two volumes is a component of Encyclopedia of Energy Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. Any human activity needs energy and renewable energies are always present all over the world. Each location has its own specific renewable potential and it is our task to develop the suitable technologies to profit, at local level, this potential to not only produce the needed energy but also create economic activity and wealth. Solar energy, in particular, has the highest potential among all existing renewable energies and, in the context of the energy, water and climate change global problems mankind will face in the coming years, the substantial integration of solar energy technologies into our societies will an absolute needs in the short to medium term. The number of applications of solar energy is simply huge, covering a very wide range of human activities. Some of these applications are already technically and economically viable, being others still at research or demonstration level. In addition, it has been demonstrated the important benefits solar energy can provide to any area with medium-high solar irradiation level: from sustainability to energy independence, as well as economic development and knowledge creation. Due to this, solar energy development, from photovoltaic to solar thermal or power applications, has been very intense during the last years in all the, so called, “Sun Belt”. There is also the general consensus, at many countries, that we should accelerate the current solar energy pathway, increasing the research efforts to make economically feasible the applications that today are only technically feasible. This effort and the status of most of these applications have been discussed along this paper and within the articles of the topic. The Theme on Solar Energy Conversion and Photoenergy Systems with contributions from distinguished experts in the field, discusses solar energy related technologies and applications, some of which are already in commercial and practical applications and others are under research and testing level. The volumes provide an analysis and discussion about the reasons behind the current efforts of our society, considering both developed and developing countries, to accelerate the introduction of the huge solar energy potential into our normal daily lives. The two volumes also provide some basic information about the solar energy potential, history and the amazing trip of a photon from its creation in the Sun until its arrival to the Earth. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers, NGOs and GOs.

Download or read book Advances in Solar Energy Volume 17 written by D. Yogi Goswami and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Essential for any serious technical library' PROFESSOR MARTIN GREEN, UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTHWALES, AUSTRALIA 'Valuable, detailed information that helps me plan for the future' DON OSBORN, FORMERLY OF SACRAMENTO MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT The Advances in Solar Energy series offers state-of-the-art information on all primary renewable energy technologies, including solar, wind and biomass, bringing together invited contributions from the foremost international experts in renewable energy. Spanning a broad range of technical subjects, this volume and series is a 'must-have' reference on global developments in the field of renewable energy. Volume 17 focuses primarily on solar energy, with respect to heating, hot water, drying and detoxification. Specific chapter subjects include: Alternative World Energy Outlook 2006: A Possible Path towards a Sustainable Future Quantum Well Solar Cells Recent Progress of Organic Photovoltaics Thermal and Material Characterization of Immersed Heat Exchangers for Solar Domestic Hot Water Photocatalytic Detoxification of Water with Solar Energy Solar-Hydrogen: A Solid-State Chemistry Perspective Solar Heat for Industrial Processes Solar Energy Technology in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) for Sustainable Energy, Water and Environment