Download or read book Superlubricity and Wearless Sliding in Diamondlike Carbon Films written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diamondlike carbon (DLC) films have attracted great interest in recent years mainly because of their unusual optical, electrical, mechanical, and tribological properties. Such properties are currently being exploited for a wide range of engineering applications including magnetic hard disks, gears, sliding and roller bearings, scratch resistant glasses, biomedical implants, etc. Systematic studies on carbon-based materials in our laboratory have led to the development of a new class of amorphous DLC films that provide extremely low friction and wear coefficients of 0.001 to 0.005 and 10−11 to 10−1° mm3 /N.m, respectively, when tested in inert-gas or high-vacuum environments. These films were produced in highly hydrogenated gas discharge plasmas by a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition process at room temperature. The carbon source gases used in the deposition of these films included methane, acetylene, and ethylene. Tribological studies in our laboratory have established a very close correlation between the composition of the plasmas and the friction and wear coefficients of the resultant DLC films. Specifically, the friction and wear coefficients of DLC films grown in plasmas with higher hydrogen-to-carbon ratios were much lower than films derived from source gases with lower hydrogen-to-carbon ratios. Fundamental tribological and surface analytical studies have led us to conclude that hydrogen (within the film, as well as on the sliding surfaces) is extremely important for the superlubricity and wearless sliding behavior of these films. Based on these studies, a mechanistic model is proposed to explain the superlow friction and wear properties of the new DLC films.
Download or read book Tribology of Diamond like Carbon Films written by Christophe Donnet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-06 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights some of the most important structural, chemical, mechanical and tribological characteristics of DLC films. It is particularly dedicated to the fundamental tribological issues that impact the performance and durability of these coatings. The book provides reliable and up-to-date information on available industrial DLC coatings and includes clear definitions and descriptions of various DLC films and their properties.
Download or read book Superlubricity written by Ali Erdemir and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-03-30 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superlubricity is defined as a sliding regime in which friction or resistance to sliding vanishes. It has been shown that energy can be conserved by further reducing/removing friction in moving mechanical systems and this book includes contributions from world-renowned scientists who address some of the most fundamental research issues in overcoming friction. Superlubricity reviews the latest methods and materials in this area of research that are aimed at removing friction in nano-to-micro scale machines and large scale engineering components. Insight is also given into the atomic-scale origins of friction in general and superlubricity while other chapters focus on experimental and practical aspects or impacts of superlubricity that will be very useful for broader industrial community. * Reviews the latest fundamental research in superlubricity today* Presents 'state-of-the-art' methods, materials, and experimental techniques* Latest developments in tribomaterials, coatings, and lubricants providing superlubricity
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology written by Bharat Bhushan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-23 with total page 1968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2004 and with the 2nd edition in 2006, the Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology has established itself as the definitive reference in the nanoscience and nanotechnology area. It integrates the knowledge from nanofabrication, nanodevices, nanomechanics, Nanotribology, materials science, and reliability engineering in just one volume. Beside the presentation of nanostructures, micro/nanofabrication, and micro/nanodevices, special emphasis is on scanning probe microscopy, nanotribology and nanomechanics, molecularly thick films, industrial applications and microdevice reliability, and on social aspects. In its 3rd edition, the book grew from 8 to 9 parts now including a part with chapters on biomimetics. More information is added to such fields as bionanotechnology, nanorobotics, and (bio)MEMS/NEMS, bio/nanotribology and bio/nanomechanics. The book is organized by an experienced editor with a universal knowledge and written by an international team of over 150 distinguished experts. It addresses mechanical and electrical engineers, materials scientists, physicists and chemists who work either in the nano area or in a field that is or will be influenced by this new key technology.
Download or read book Surface Chemistry and Superlubricity of Diamond like Carbon written by Ala' Al-azizi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contrary to the widely accepted idea that diamond-like carbon (DLC) is inert, this thesis provides evidence that DLC readily reacts with its surrounding environments. Reactions occurring at the surface of DLC strongly affect its surface composition and structure, and consequently, its friction and wear behavior. However, experimental results presented in this thesis show that reactivity of DLC is neither limited to, nor exclusively dictated by the surface. The bulk can both influence the reactivity of DLC, and be altered by it. The ultra-low friction behavior of DLC consists of three main components: the run-in behavior, transfer film formation, and the ultra-low steady friction. Our results prove that the cause of the run in behavior in dry environments is the removal of oxide layers of DLC. These oxide layers do not only have higher oxygen content, but are also richer in sp2 graphitic rings compared to the bulk of DLC. This structure reduces the wear resistance of the oxide layers, causing their removal and the high friction at the beginning of sliding in inert environments. In the presence of multi adsorbed water layers that can act as an electrolyte, this sp2 rich oxide protects DLC from wear when slid against more anodic surfaces. Although the oxide layer is just few nanometers thick and more susceptible to wear, they can induce galvanic corrosion on much harder counter surfaces protecting DLC during sliding in high humidity environments. Our results also indicate that the transfer film, another component often thought to be critical for the ultra-low friction of DLC, is a byproduct of internal stresses of DLC film, rather than requirement to achieve ultra-low friction. Mitigation of internal stresses of DLC improved its wear resistance and suppressed transfer film formation from DLC to the counter-surface. Our results also suggest that these internal stresses play a critical role in the susceptibility of the bulk to react with vapor molecules. Modifying DLC surface using vapor-phase reactions is often accompanied by reaction of the subsurface layers which negatively impacts the integrity of DLC network and its mechanical properties. Oxidation is detrimental to the ultra-low steady state friction, the third component of the friction behavior of DLC in inert environment. A chemical modification method using vapor-phase reaction with silanes to increase the hydrophobicity of DLC is developed and tested. Silane-treated DLC exhibits low friction in humid environments containing up to 30% water partial pressure. However, the silane treatment compromised the bulk properties of DLC reducing its wear resistance at water partial pressures of 40% and higher.
Download or read book Surface Engineering 2001 Fundamentals and Applications Volume 697 written by Wen Jin Meng and published by . This book was released on 2002-08-27 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
Download or read book Surface Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intelligent Energy Field Manufacturing written by Wenwu Zhang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 987 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by prominent researchers and with contributions from experts in their individual areas, Intelligent Energy Field Manufacturing: Interdisciplinary Process Innovations explores a new philosophy of engineering. An in-depth introduction to Intelligent Energy Field Manufacturing (EFM), this book explores a fresh engineering methodology that not only integrates but goes beyond methodologies such as Design for Six Sigma, Lean Manufacturing, Concurrent Engineering, TRIZ, green and sustainable manufacturing, and more. This book gives a systematic introduction to classic non-mechanical manufacturing processes as well as offering big pictures of some technical frontiers in modern engineering. The book suggests that any manufacturing process is actually a process of injecting human intelligence into the interaction between material and the various energy fields in order to transfer the material into desired configurations. It discusses technological innovation, dynamic M-PIE flows, the generalities of energy fields, logic functional materials and intelligence, the open scheme of intelligent EFM implementation, and the principles of intelligent EFM. The book takes a highly interdisciplinary approach that includes research frontiers such as micro/nano fabrication, high strain rate processes, laser shock forming, materials science and engineering, bioengineering, etc., in addition to a detailed treatment of the so called "non-traditional" manufacturing processes, which covers waterjet machining, laser material processing, ultrasonic material processing, EDM/ECM, etc. Filled with illustrative pictures, figures, and tables that make technical materials more absorbable, the book cuts across multiple engineering disciplines. The majority of books in this area report the facts of proven knowledge, while the behind-the-scenes thinking is usually neglected. This book examines the big picture of manufacturing in depth before diving into the deta
Download or read book Proceedings of the World Tribology Congress III 2005 written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Friction and Wear Properties of Selected Solid Lubricating Films Part 3 Magnetron Sputtered and Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposited Diamondlik written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To evaluate commercially developed dry solid film lubricants for aerospace bearing applications, an investigation was conducted to examine the friction and wear behavior of magnetron-sputtered diamondlike carbon (MS DLC) and plasma-assisted, chemical-vapor-deposited diamondlike carbon (PACVD DLC) films in sliding contact with 6-mm-diameter American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 440C stainless steel balls. Unidirectional sliding friction experiments were conducted with a load of 5.9 N (600 g), a mean Hertzian contact pressure of 0.79 GPa (maximum Hertzian contact pressure of L-2 GPa), and a sliding velocity of 0.2 m/s. The experiments were conducted at room temperature in three environments: ultrahigh vacuum (vacuum pressure, 7x10(exp -7) Pa), humid air (relative humidity, approx.20 percent), and dry nitrogen (relative humidity,
Download or read book Synthesis of Diamondlike Carbon Films with Superlow Friction and Wear Properties written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, the authors introduce a new diamondlike carbon (DLC) film providing a friction coefficient of 0.001 and wear rates of 10−9 to 10−1° mm3/N.m in inert-gas environments (e.g., dry nitrogen and argon). The film was grown on steel and sapphire substrates in a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system that uses using a hydrogen-rich plasma. Employing a combination of surface and structure analytical techniques, they explored the structural chemistry of the resultant DLC films and correlated these findings with the friction and wear mechanisms of the films. The results of tribological tests under a 10-N load (creating initial peak Hertz pressures of 1 and 2.2 GPa on steel and sapphire test pairs, respectively) and at 0.2 to 0.5 m/s sliding velocities indicated that a close correlation exists between the friction and wear coefficients of DLC films and the source gas chemistry. Specifically, films grown in source gases with higher hydrogen-to-carbon ratios had the lowest fiction coefficients and the highest wear resistance. The lowest friction coefficient (0.001) was achieved with a film on sapphire substrates produced in a gas discharge plasma consisting of 25% methane and 75% hydrogen.
Download or read book Diamond and DLC Films written by Bogatov Andrei and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-03-13 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today diamond and diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are the subject of an intense research due to outstanding properties of these materials such as high hardness, wear resistance, low coefficient of friction and chemical inertness, allowing their successful use as coatings in a wide range of tribological applications. An important topic in the study of tribological interactions between mating bodies is morphology of the surfaces formed during the wear process. The book represents the results obtained in the study of the tribologial behavior of diamond and DLC films in sliding tests against hard ceramics, including the detailed descriptions of the micro- and nanoscale structures observed on the worn surfaces. The first section of the book is devoted to a brief overview of carbon materials and their properties. The following section explains methods of obtaining and characterization of diamond and DLC films. In the third section the experimental results are presented.
Download or read book Super Lubricious Fullerene like Hydrogenated Carbon Films written by Bin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost one-third of minimal energy is consumed via friction and wear process. Thus, to save energy using advanced lubrication materials is one of the main routes that tribologists are focused on. Recently, superlubricity is the most prominent way to face energy problems. Designing promising mechanical systems with ultra-low friction performance and establishing superlubricity regime is imperative not only to the most greatly save energy but also to reduce hazardous waste emissions into our environment. At the macroscale, hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (DLC) film with a supersmooth and fully hydrogen terminated surface is the most promising materials to realize superlubricity. However, the exact superlubricity of DLC film can only be observed under high vacuum or specific conditions and is not realized under ambient conditions for engineering applications. The latest breakthrough in macroscale superlubricity is made by introducing fullerene-like nano-structure and designing graphene nanoscroll formation, which also demonstrates the structure-superlubricity (coefficient of friction ~0.002) relationship. Thus, it is very interesting to design macroscale superlubricity by prompting the in situ formation of these structures at the friction interfaces. In this chapter, we will focus on fullerene-like hydrogenated carbon (FL-C:H) films and cover the growth methods, nanostructures, mechanic, friction properties and superlubricity mechanism.
Download or read book Frictional Behavior of Diamondlike Carbon Films in Vacuum and Under Varying Water Vapor Pressure written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, we investigated the frictional behavior of both hydrogenated and hydrogen-free diamondlike carbon (DLC) films in high vacuum (10−6 Pa) at room temperature. Water was also introduced into the vacuum chamber to elucidate its effects on DLC film tribology. The hydrogen-free DLC (also referred to as tetrahedral amorphous carbon, or ta-C) was produced by an arc-PVD process, and the highly hydrogenated DLC was produced by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition. Tribological measurements of these films were made with a pin-on-disc machine with coated steel balls and coated steel discs in matched pairs under a 1 N load. The ball/disk pairs were rotated at sliding speeds in the range of 0.025-0.075 m/s. In vacuum, the steady-state friction coefficient of ta-C was of the order of 0.6 and the wear was severe, whereas for the highly hydrogenated film, friction was below 0.01, and in an optical microscope no wear could be detected. Adding water vapor to the sliding ta-C system in a vacuum chamber caused friction to decrease monotonically from 0.6 to (almost equal to)0.05. In contrast, adding water vapor to the sliding DLC system caused the friction to increase linearly with pressure from 0.01 to 0.07. The results illustrate the importance of taking into account environmental conditions, especially the presence of water, when DLC films are being considered for a given application.
Download or read book Diamond like Carbon Films Determination of Friction and Wear Characteristics of Diamond like Carbon Films by Ball on disc Method ISO 18535 written by Międzynarodowa Organizacja Normalizacyjna and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Friction and Wear Performance of Ion beam Deposited Diamondlike Carbon Films on Steel Substrates written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diamond like Carbon Films written by Janet Elizabeth Bishop and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
