Download or read book Superfund Reform Act of 1994 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Superfund, Recycling, and Solid Waste Management and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Superfund Reassessment and Reauthorization written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Superfund, Waste Control, and Risk Assessment and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1086 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Superfund Law and Procedure written by Allan Topol and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cleaning Up the Mess written by Thomas W. Church and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2001-05-16 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The federal Superfund program for cleaning up America's inactive toxic waste sites is noteworthy not only for its enormous cost - $15.2 billion has been authorized thus far - but also for its unique design. The legislation that created Superfund provided the Environmental Protection Agency with a diverse set of policy tools. Preeminent among them is a civil liability scheme that imposes responsibility for multimillion dollar cleanups on businesses and government units linked - even tangentially - to hazardous waste sites. Armed with this potent policy implement, the agency can order the parties who are legally responsible for the toxic substances at a site to clean it up, with large fines and damages for failure to comply. EPA can also offer conciliatory measures to bring about voluntary, privately financed cleanup; or it can launch a cleanup initially paid for by Superfund and later force the responsible parties to reimburse the government. In this book, Thomas W. Church and Robert T. Nakamura provide the first in-depth study of Superfund operations at hazardous waste sites. They examine six Superfund cleanups, including three regions and both 'hard' and 'easy' sites, to ask 'what works?' Based on detailed case studies, the book describes various strategies that have been applied by government regulators and lawyers and the responses to those different strategies by businesses and local government officials. The authors characterize the implementation strategies used by the EPA as prosecution, accommodation, and public works. They point out that the choice of strategy involves setting priorities among Superfund's competing objectives. They conclude that the best implementation strategy is one that considers the context of each site and the particular priorities in each case. Looking toward the reauthorization of Superfund, they also offer recommendations for improvements in the organization of the program and discuss proposals for change in its
Download or read book Superfund Reauthorization written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act a Summary of Superfund Cleanup Authorities and Related Provisions of the Act written by David M. Bearden and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congress enacted the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA; P.L. 96-510) in response to a growing desire for the federal government to ensure the cleanup of the nation's most contaminated sites to protect the public from potential harm. The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-499, SARA) clarified the applicability of the statute's requirements to federal facilities, and modified various response, liability, and enforcement provisions. Several other laws also have amended CERCLA for specific purposes, including relief from cleanup liability for certain categories of parties, and the authorization of federal assistance for the cleanup of abandoned or idled “brownfields” where the presence or perception of contamination may impede economic redevelopment. CERCLA authorizes cleanup and enforcement actions to respond to actual or threatened releases of hazardous substances into the environment, but generally excludes releases of petroleum and certain other materials covered by other federal laws. Considering the limitation of federal resources to address the many contaminated sites across the United States, CERCLA directs the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to maintain a National Priorities List (NPL) to identify the most hazardous sites for the purpose of prioritizing cleanup actions. The states and the public may participate in federal cleanup decisions at NPL sites. The states primarily are responsible for pursuing the cleanup of sites not listed on the NPL, with the federal role at these sites limited mainly to addressing emergency situations. CERCLA established a broad liability scheme that holds past and current owners and operators of facilities from which a release occurs financially responsible for cleanup costs, natural resource damages, and the costs of federal public health studies. At waste disposal sites, generators of the wastes and transporters of the wastes who selected the site for disposal also are liable under CERCLA. The liability of these “potentially responsible parties” (PRPs) has been interpreted by the courts to be strict, joint and several, and retroactive. At contaminated federal facilities, federal agencies are subject to liability under CERCLA as the owners and operators of those facilities on behalf of the United States. Federal agencies also may be liable in instances in which an agency generated or transported waste for disposal at a non-federal facility. CERCLA established the Hazardous Substance Superfund Trust Fund to pay for the cleanup of sites where the PRPs cannot be found or cannot pay. A combination of special taxes on industry and general taxpayer revenues originally financed the Superfund Trust Fund, but the authority to collect the industry taxes expired on December 31, 1995. Over time, Congress increased the contribution of general revenues to make up for the shortfall from the expired industry taxes. General revenues now provide most of the funding for the trust fund, but other monies continue to contribute some revenues (i.e., cost-recoveries from PRPs, fines and penalties for violations of cleanup requirements, and interest on the trust fund balance). The availability of these trust fund monies under the Superfund program is subject to appropriations by Congress. Private settlement funds deposited into site-specific Special Accounts within the Superfund Trust Fund also are available to EPA, but are not subject to discretionary appropriations. Considering the liability of the federal government at its own facilities, the cleanup of federal facilities is not funded with Superfund Trust Fund monies under the Superfund program, but with other federal monies appropriated to the agencies responsible for administering the facilities. However, EPA and the states remain responsible for overseeing and enforcing the implementation of CERCLA at federal facilities to ensure that applicable cleanup requirements are met.
Download or read book Analyzing Superfund written by Richard L. Revesz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-17 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1995, Analyzing Superfund outlines the key issues of the superfund reauthorization debate in the United States. The Superfund law faced criticism for being wasteful, inefficient and expensive. These papers sought to shed light on this argument in relation to clean-up standards, the liability regime, transaction costs and natural resource damage. This title will be of interest to students of Environmental Studies and professionals
Download or read book Superfund Cleanup Acceleration Act written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Superfund, Waste Control, and Risk Assessment and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Superfund Reauthorization written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Hazardous Materials and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Superfund Reform Act of 1994 June 28 1994 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Superfund, Recycling, and Solid Waste Management and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Superfund Improvement Act of 1985 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CERCLA written by Carole Stern Switzer and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2002 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the fifth book in a series that concentrates on basic information for the environmental law practitioner. In this instance, the focus is on the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980.
Download or read book Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act written by David M. Bearden and published by . This book was released on 2012-11-11 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Superfund Reform Act written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Finance and Hazardous Materials and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Superfund Oversight written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Superfund, Ocean, and Water Protection and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Superfund Reauthorization and Reform Legislation written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reform of Superfund Act of 1995 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Hazardous Materials and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
