Download or read book Sunspot Numbers 1610 1985 written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 964 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report UAG written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Origin and Dynamics of Solar Magnetism written by M.J. Thompson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-01 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting in 1995 numerical modeling of the Earth’s dynamo has ourished with remarkable success. Direct numerical simulation of convection-driven MHD- ow in a rotating spherical shell show magnetic elds that resemble the geomagnetic eld in many respects: they are dominated by the axial dipole of approximately the right strength, they show spatial power spectra similar to that of Earth, and the magnetic eld morphology and the temporal var- tion of the eld resembles that of the geomagnetic eld (Christensen and Wicht 2007). Some models show stochastic dipole reversals whose details agree with what has been inferred from paleomagnetic data (Glatzmaier and Roberts 1995; Kutzner and Christensen 2002; Wicht 2005). While these models represent direct numerical simulations of the fundamental MHD equations without parameterized induction effects, they do not match actual pla- tary conditions in a number of respects. Speci cally, they rotate too slowly, are much less turbulent, and use a viscosity and thermal diffusivity that is far too large in comparison to magnetic diffusivity. Because of these discrepancies, the success of geodynamo models may seem surprising. In order to better understand the extent to which the models are applicable to planetary dynamos, scaling laws that relate basic properties of the dynamo to the fundamental control parameters play an important role. In recent years rst attempts have been made to derive such scaling laws from a set of numerical simulations that span the accessible parameter space (Christensen and Tilgner 2004; Christensen and Aubert 2006).
Download or read book Solar geophysical Data written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ionospheres written by Robert Schunk and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-20 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the physical, plasma and chemical processes controlling ionospheres, upper atmospheres and exospheres, for researchers and graduates.
Download or read book On the Importance of Cycle Minimum in Sunspot Cycle Prediction written by Robert M. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geomagnetic Polar Cap PC Index 1975 1993 written by World Data Center A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Volcanism Cold Temperature and Paucity of Sunspot Observing Days 1818 1858 A Connection written by Robert M. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the interval of 1818-1858, several curious decreases in the number of sunspot observing days per year are noted in the observing record of Samuel Heinrich Schwabe, the discoverer of the sunspot cycle, and in the reconstructed record of Rudolf Wolf, the founder of the now familiar relative sunspot number. These decreases appear to be nonrandom in nature and often extended for 1-3 yr (or more). Comparison of these decreases with equivalent annual mean temperature (both annual means and 4-yr moving averages), as recorded at Armagh Observatory (Northern Ireland), indicates that the temperature during the years of decreased number of observing days trended downward near the start of each decrease and upward (suggesting some sort of recovery) just before the end of each decrease. The drop in equivalent annual mean temperature associated with each decrease, as determined from the moving averages, measured about 0.1-0.7°C. The decreases in number of observing days are found to be closely related to the occurrences of large, cataclysmic volcanic eruptions in the tropics or northern hemisphere.
Download or read book Report UAG written by World Data Center A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Sun Recorded Through History written by J.M. Vaquero and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sun is nowadays observed using di?erent techniques that provide an almost instantaneous 3-D map of its structure. Of particular interest is the studyofthevariabilityinthesolaroutputproducedbythedissipationofm- netic energy on di?erent spatial and temporal scales – the so-called magnetic activity. The 11-year cycle is the main feature describing this phenomenon. Apart from its intrinsic scienti?c interest, this topic is worth studying because of the interaction of such processes with the terrestrial environment. A ?eet of space and ground-based observatories are currently monitoring the behaviour of our star on a daily basis. However, solar activity varies not only on this decadal time-scale, as has been attested mainly through two methods: (a) records of the number of sunspots observed on the solar surface from 1610, and (b) the records of 14 10 cosmogenic isotopes, such as Cand Be, measured in tree-rings and i- cores, respectively. The study of the long-term behaviour of solar activity may be comp- mented by the study of historical accounts describing phenomena directly or indirectly related to solar activity. Numerous scienti?c and non-scienti?c d- uments have reported these events and we can make use of them as a proxy of solar activity in past times.
Download or read book Secular Solar and Geomagnetic Variations in the Last 10 000 Years written by F.R. Stephenson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar and geomagnetic variability are of considerable interest for scientists of many different persuasions and indeed one has the distinct impression that for the sun at least, there is direct relevance for mankind in general as the interrelation between solar and terrestrial phenomena is starting to be appreciated. From the vast time scale of interest in the variability field, attention was confined to the last 10,000 years in a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held from April 6 - 10, 1987 in Durham, England, and the present publication comprises the lectures given there. Such a Workshop was very timely in view of the impressive new data available from 14C analysis in dated tree rings and lOBe in polar ice cores, from natural palaeomagnetic records in lacustrine sediments and from archaeomagnetic material. Also to be mentioned are new studies of historical accounts of naked-eye sunspots and aurorae. All the data have contributed to improvements in under standing the relative variations of solar properties, the geomagnetic field and climate and it is hoped that this volume will convey the flavour of these advances in knowledge. A feature of the Workshop was the lively discussions which followed so many of the papers. There were several instances of healthy disagreement and this is reflected in the opposing views presented inanumber of the papers published here.
Download or read book Solar geophysical Data written by and published by . This book was released on 1987-05 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gauging the Nearness and Size of Cycle Minimum written by Robert M. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Geophysical Data Center written by National Geophysical Data Center and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Data Products and Services written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
