Download or read book Subjunctive Reasoning written by J.L. Pollock and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I am indebted to many people for the help they gave me in the writing of this book. lowe a large debt to David Lewis and Robert Stalnaker, on both general and specific grounds. As becomes apparent from reading the notes, the book would not have been possible without their pioneering work on subjunctive conditionals. In addition, both were kind enough to provide specific comments on earlier versions of different parts of the book, and Stalnaker read and commented on the entire manuscript. Closer to home, I am indebted to my colleagues Rolf Eberle and Henry Kyburg, Jf. , my erstwhile colleague Keith Lehrer, and numerous graduate students for their helpful comments on various parts of the manuscript. Some of the material contained herein appeared first in the form of journal articles, and I wish to thank the journals in question for allowing the material to be reprinted here. Chapter One contains material taken from 'The "Possible Worlds" Analysis of Counter-factuals', published in Phil. Studies 29 (1976), 469 (Reidel); Chapter Two contains material much revised from 'Four Kinds of Conditionals', Am. Phil. Quarterly 12 (1975), and Chapter Three contains much revised material from 'Subjunctive Generaliza tions', Synthese 28 (1974), 199 (Reidel). CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. SUBJUNCTIVE REASONING There exists quite a variety of statements which are in some sense 'subjunctive'.
Download or read book Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning written by Bernhard Nebel and published by Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. This book was released on 1992 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stringently reviewed papers presented at the October 1992 meeting held in Cambridge, Mass., address such topics as nonmonotonic logic; taxonomic logic; specialized algorithms for temporal, spatial, and numerical reasoning; and knowledge representation issues in planning, diagnosis, and natural langu
Download or read book Foundations of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning written by Gerhard Lakemeyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1994-06-28 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers collected in this book cover a wide range of topics in asymptotic statistics. In particular up-to-date-information is presented in detection of systematic changes, in series of observation, in robust regression analysis, in numerical empirical processes and in related areas of actuarial sciences and mathematical programming. The emphasis is on theoretical contributions with impact on statistical methods employed in the analysis of experiments and observations by biometricians, econometricians and engineers.
Download or read book Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Knowledge written by Ronald Fagin and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Knowledge contains the proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Knowledge (TARK 1994) held in Pacific Grove, California, on March 13-16, 1994. The conference provided a forum for discussing the theoretical aspects of reasoning about knowledge and tackled topics ranging from the logic of iterated belief revision and backwards forward induction to information acquisition from multi-agent resources, infinitely epistemic logic, and coherent belief revision in games. Comprised of 23 chapters, this book begins with a review of situation calculus and a solution to the frame problem, along with the use of a regression method for reasoning about the effect of actions. A novel programming language for high-level robotic control is described, along with a knowledge-based framework for belief change. Subsequent chapters deal with consistent belief reasoning in the presence of inconsistency; an epistemic logic of situations; an axiomatic approach to the logical omniscience problem; and an epistemic proof system for parallel processes. Inductive learning, knowledge asymmetries, and convention are also examined. This monograph will be of interest to both students and practitioners in the fields of artificial intelligence and computer science.
Download or read book An Introduction to the Logic of the Sciences written by Rom Harré and published by Springer. This book was released on 1983-06-09 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reasoning and Logic written by and published by Ardent Media. This book was released on with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on A Priori Knowledge and Justification written by Albert Casullo and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-02-20 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of essays concerning the concept and existence of a priori knowledge, and the relationship between a priori knowledge and the related concepts of necessary truth and analytic truth.
Download or read book A Philosophical Guide to Conditionals written by Jonathan Bennett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author, one of the world's leading authorities on the subject of conditional sentences, distils many years' work and teaching into 'A Philosophical Guide to Conditionals', an authoritative treatment of the subject.
Download or read book Qualitative and Quantitative Practical Reasoning written by Dov Gabbay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-05-28 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Joint Conference on Qualitative and Quantitative Practical Reasoning, ECSQARU-FAPR'97, held in Bad Honnef, Germany, in June 1997. The volume presents 33 revised full papers carefully selected for inclusion in the book by the program committee as well as 12 invited contributions. Among the various aspects of human practical reasoning addressed in the papers are nonmonotonic logics, default reasoning, modal logics, belief function theory, Bayesian networks, fuzzy logic, possibility theory, inference algorithms, dynamic reasoning with partial models, and user modeling approaches.
Download or read book Rules and Reasoning written by Guido Governatori and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-13 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning, RuleML+RR 2022, held in Berlin, Germany, during September 26–28, 2022. This is the 6th conference of a new series, joining the efforts of two existing conference series, namely “RuleML” (International Web Rule Symposium) and “RR” (Web Reasoning and Rule Systems). The 18 full research papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 54 submissions. The papers cover the following topics: answer set programming; foundations of nonmonotonic reasoning; datalog; queries over ontologies; proofs, error-tolerance, and rules; as well as agents and argumentation.
Download or read book The Production of Managerial Knowledge and Organizational Theory written by Tammar B. Zilber and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-11 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book applies a reflective and critical gaze on the production of knowledge within management and organization studies. Seasoned scholars reflect on how we carry out research to provide insights into the assumptions and practices we employ, and how they affect the production and consumption of managerial knowledge and organization theory.
Download or read book Working Memory in Second Language Acquisition and Processing written by Zhisheng (Edward) Wen and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique volume offers a comprehensive discussion of essential theoretical and methodological issues concerning the pivotal role of working memory in second language learning and processing. The collection opens with a foreword and introductory theoretical chapters written by leading figures in the field of cognitive psychology. Following these are three research sections containing chapters providing original data and innovative insights into the dynamic and complex relationships between working memory and specific areas of second language processing, instruction, performance and development. Each section concludes with a commentary which is written by a noted SLA researcher and which charts the course for future research. This book provides a fascinating collection of perspectives on the relationship between working memory and second language learning and will appeal to those interested in the integration of cognitive psychology with SLA research.
Download or read book Middle Knowledge written by E. Dekker and published by Peeters Publishers. This book was released on 2000 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of "Middle Knowledge" ascribes to God a particular type of knowledge - that he sees not simply what each free creature could do in any circumstance, but what it would do in any circumstance. This type of knowledge is claimed to be helpful to explain how God has perfect foreknowledge, while creatures are free. But is such a knowledge possible, even for God? The author argues that the arguments against it do not stand, and that therefore the theory of "Middle Knowledge" is tenable. The arguments against the coherence of "Middle Knowledge" are examined, of which the most important is that counterfactuals of freedom could not exist (chapter 2). Then the arguments against the adequacy of the theory of "Middle Knowledge" are examined, such as whether or not counterfactual power over the past is implied by the theory of "Middle Knowledge" (chapter 3). A separate chapter is devoted to 'background problems', such as the specific concept of freedom, the notion of God's concurrence, and our view on the nature of possible worlds (chapter 4).
Download or read book Dispositional Theories of Knowledge written by Lars Bo Gundersen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an original examination of human cognition, arguing that cognitive skills are dispositional in nature. Opposing influential views in modern Anglo-American philosophy, Gundersen starts from the received premis that knowledge is analyzable in terms of belief, justification and truth, and goes on to clarify and improve on these ingredients' exact nature and internal association. Exploring a wide range of arguments offered by influential contributors in the field of modal epistemology, Gundersen argues that external conditions are secondary in developing and cultivating cognitive competence and that the fulcrum of the cognitive investigation is the fascinating interplay between and cultivation of internal cognitive powers.
Download or read book The Sensitivity Principle in Epistemology written by Kelly Becker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-02 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides new thinking on the compelling subject of 'sensitivity' - a principle typically characterized as a necessary condition for knowledge.
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Strategy and Foresight written by Laura Anna Costanzo and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009-03-31 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important Handbook explores and evaluates dynamic environments and the appropriate strategic responses to them in the 21st century. Drawing together a collection of 29 original chapters, the Handbook makes an invaluable contribution to theory and practice by stimulating disciplined, rigorous and imaginative enquiry into the relationship between strategy and foresight. Leading scholars in the field of strategic management are brought together to offer innovative and multi-disciplinary perspectives on the past, present and future of strategy formation and foresight. In so doing, they challenge research in four key areas: strategy and foresight processes; strategy innovation for the future; understanding the future; and strategically responding to the future. The Handbook of Research on Strategy and Foresight is a comprehensive resource that will be invaluable for academics, students and practitioners interested in this important phenomenon.
Download or read book The Moral Development of Health Professionals written by Bertram Bandman and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2003-08-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A central challenge motivates this work: How, if at all, can philosophical ethics help in the moral development of health professionals? Bandman's three-part response is to argue, first, that there are justifiable answers to questions in health care ethics. To support this idea, he singles out a trilogy of related health care rights that are justifiably held by health consumers and for which health providers are responsible. These include rights to respect, to receive and to refuse treatment. These are vital to the principle of informed consent and to patient and provider autonomy. Secondly, the functioning of these health care rights depends on the ongoing cultivation and habitual practice of relevant virtues, such as dedicated and trained intelligence, practical wisdom, responsibility, caring and integrity. Thirdly, Bandman tries to show how health care ethics makes use of the dynamic interplay between signficant and relevant cases, historical and current, real and imaginary along with recognition of laws, customs, conventions and rules; together with philosophical theories of morality. An underlying theme of this book is the role of conditionals in health care ethics. The aim of Bandman's work is to examine conditions and opportunities that promote the moral development of health professionals. Moral rights and virtues, comprising standards, can be taught and learned, known, understood and accepted. These standards comprise justifiable principles for effectively guiding the conduct of health professionals. Rights and virtues help differentiate right from wrong decisions in health care ethics; and thereby provide an appropriate basis for the moral development of health professionals.
