Download or read book Su Pensi n Guarantizada i e Garantizada en 2002 written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Su Pensi n Guarantizada en 2002 written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Women at Work written by Claudia Piras and published by IDB. This book was released on 2004 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Opportunity for a Different Peru written by Marcelo Giugale and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the first time in the republican history of Peru, the presidential transition takes place in democracy, social peace, fast economic growth and favorable world markets. In other words, there has never been a better chance to build a different Peru - a richer country, more equal and governable. There are multiple ways to achieve that goal. New reforms must stem from a widespread and participatory debate, one of a common vision conceived for and by Peruvians. This book aims at making a technical and independent contribution to such debate; it summarizes the knowledge available about the challenges to be faced by the new administration. The study does not recommend silver bullets, but suggests policy options. It is based on the analysis of the current reality and in six decades of relationships with Peru, in which the Bank has implemented more than 100 projects and prepared more than 500 technical reports covering the wide range of development topics. When necessary, the study provides lessons that the Bank has learned elsewhere. The study provides a conceptual framework to the analysis of the country's 34 economic sectors and the two historical perspectives behind them. In doing so, it offers a comprehensive reform agenda that sheds light on possible priorities and courses of action.
Download or read book The Mexican Pension Annuity Market written by Gregorio Impavido and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the performance and development of the Mexican pension annuity market established as a consequence of the 1997 pension reform. The Mexican experience displays interesting characteristics providing lessons for other countries that still need to design the decumulation phase of their newly established second pillars. At the same, time it raises some technical and policy concerns that need addressing as they could hamper, in the future, the healthy development of the market. The paper concludes that: 1) general life insurance companies may better hedge longevity risk than specialized annuity companies; 2) competition should be based on prices rather than additional products; 3) better disclosure of options under the 1973 and 1997 social security laws should be given to disability and life annuitants; and 4) various measures should be taken to improve asset liability management including allowing companies to trade over the counter derivatives and substituting over time the regulatory asset liability management framework with an economic asset liability management framework.
Download or read book Global Environmental Constitutionalism written by James R. May and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting a global trend, scores of countries have affirmed that their citizens are entitled to healthy air, water, and land and that their constitution should guarantee certain environmental rights. This book examines the increasing recognition that the environment is a proper subject for protection in constitutional texts and for vindication by constitutional courts. This phenomenon, which the authors call environmental constitutionalism, represents the confluence of constitutional law, international law, human rights, and environmental law. National apex and constitutional courts are exhibiting a growing interest in environmental rights, and as courts become more aware of what their peers are doing, this momentum is likely to increase. This book explains why such provisions came into being, how they are expressed, and the extent to which they have been, and might be, enforced judicially. It is a singular resource for evaluating the content of and hope for constitutional environmental rights.
Download or read book Your Guaranteed Pension written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lessons from Pension Reform in the Americas written by Stephen J. Kay and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2008 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an analysis of pension reform in all the major countries in the Americas, including successes and failures.
Download or read book The Politics of Minimum Income written by Marcello Natili and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Minimum income schemes (MIS) have become key social protection institutions for European citizens, but we know little regarding the logic and dynamics of institutional change in this policy field. This book provides an analytical model that will facilitate an understanding of the scope and direction of recent reforms, offering insight into the conditions under which minimum income schemes are introduced, expanded or retrenched. Natili presents a comparative analysis of policy trajectories of minimum income schemes in Italy and Spain between the mid-1980s and 2015. Although these two countries had similar points of departure, and faced comparable functional pressures and institutional constraints, they experienced remarkably different developments in this policy field in the last two decades. This comparative analysis provides empirical evidence of the impacts of different types of credit-claiming dynamics resulting from the interaction of socio-political demand with political supply. The Politics of Minimum Income also assesses the reform processes both in countries that have introduced MIS in the age of austerity (such as Portugal) and in countries that have retrenched them (Austria and Denmark).
Download or read book Land Reform Revisited written by Femke Brandt and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land Reform Revisited engages with contemporary debates on land reform and agrarian transformation in South Africa. The volume offers insights into post-apartheid transformation dynamics through the lens of agency and state making. The chapters written by emerging scholars are based on extensive qualitative research and their analysis highlights the ways in which people negotiate and contest land reform realities and politics. By focusing on the diverse meanings of land and competing interpretations of what constitutes success and failure in land reform Brandt and Mkodzongi insist on looking beyond the productivity discourses guiding research and policy making in the field towards an informed view from below. Contributors are: Kezia Batisai, Femke Brandt, Sarah Bruchhausen, Nerhene Davis, Elene Cloete, Tariro Kamuti, Tarminder Kaur, Grasian Mkodzongi, Camalita Naicker, Fani Ncapayi, Mnqobi Ngubane, and Chizuko Sato.
Download or read book Women and Justice written by Roslyn Muraskin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-09-27 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Well being and Social Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Beyond Contributory Pensions written by Rafael Rofman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-12-03 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many Latin American countries in recent years have moved toward a more inclusive pensions system with expanded coverage of the elderly. Given the difference in initial conditions, objectives pursued, and implementing capacity, results have varied noticeably across countries.
Download or read book A Frequency Dictionary of Spanish written by Mark Davies and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-12 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Frequency Dictionary of Spanish has been fully revised and updated, including over 500 new entries, making it an invaluable resource for students of Spanish. Based on a new web-based corpus containing more than 2 billion words collected from 21 Spanish-speaking countries, the second edition of A Frequency Dictionary of Spanish provides the most expansive and up-to-date guidelines on Spanish vocabulary. Each entry is accompanied with an illustrative example and full English translation. The Dictionary provides a rich resource for language teaching and curriculum design, while a separate CD version provides the full text in a tab-delimited format ideally suited for use by corpus and computational linguistics. With entries arranged both by frequency and alphabetically, A Frequency Dictionary of Spanish enables students of all levels to get the most out of their study of vocabulary in an engaging and efficient way.
Download or read book Externalities and Macroprudential Policy written by Mr.Gianni De Nicolo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-06-07 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This note overviews macroprudential policy options that have been proposed to address the systemic risks experienced during the recent financial crisis. It contributes to the policy debate by providing a taxonomy of macroprudential policies in terms of the specific negative externalities in the financial system that these policies are meant to address, and discusses their interrelations and some key implementation issues.
Download or read book Perspectivas del Comercio Internacional de Am rica Latina y el Caribe 2019 written by Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2020-02-12 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: En 2019 el desempeño del comercio mundial de bienes sería el peor desde la crisis financiera. En esta edición de Perspectivas del Comercio Internacional de América Latina y el Caribe se analiza dicho fenómeno, así como las crecientes tensiones comerciales y las repercusiones en el comercio regional. La fuerte desaceleración del comercio mundial responde tanto a la acumulación de barreras comerciales desde 2018 como a otros factores de más larga data. Entre estos se destacan la menor demanda mundial, la creciente sustitución de importaciones por producción nacional en algunas economías, la menor proporción de la producción china que se destina a la exportación, el retroceso de las cadenas globales de valor y la irrupción de nuevas tecnologías que causan un impacto en la naturaleza misma del comercio. En el capítulo II se analiza la forma en que el comercio internacional puede hacer un mayor aporte a la sostenibilidad ambiental. Los vínculos entre comercio y medioambiente se han hecho más visibles desde los años noventa, como muestra el aumento de las controversias comerciales vinculadas con aspectos ambientales y la creciente incorporación de capítulos ambientales en los acuerdos comerciales. Por último, en el capítulo III se examina la situación de la infraestructura y la logística, aspectos clave para el comercio internacional y la producción. Se concluye destacando la necesidad de reexaminar las políticas públicas en materia de concesiones de infraestructura económica y el rol central de la acción regulatoria del Estado, especialmente en el ámbito de la competencia.
Download or read book History of Special Education written by Anthony F. Rotatori and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-25 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the history of special education by categorical areas (for example, Learning Disabilities, Mental Retardation, and Autistic Spectrum Disorders). This title includes chapters on the changing philosophy related to educating students with exceptionalities as well as a history of legal and legislation content concerned with special education.
