Download or read book Studies on the Rotation Problem in Self motion Perception written by Jacobus Duijnhouwer and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Perception and Control of Self motion written by Rik Warren and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents studies of self-motion by an international group of basic and applied researchers including biologists, psychologists, comparative physiologists, kinesiologists, aerospace and control engineers, physicians, and physicists. Academia is well represented and accounts for most of the applied research offered. Basic theoretical research is further represented by private research companies and also by government laboratories on both sides of the Atlantic. Researchers and students of biology, psychology, physiology, kinesiology, engineering, and physics who have an interest in self-motion -- whether it be underwater, in space, or on solid ground -- will find this volume of interest. This book presents studies of self-motion by an international group of basic and applied researchers including biologists, psychologists, comparative physiologists, kinesiologists, aerospace and control engineers, physicians, and physicists. Academia is well represented and accounts for most of the applied research offered. Basic theoretical research is further represented by private research companies and also by government laboratories on both sides of the Atlantic. Researchers and students of biology, psychology, physiology, kinesiology, engineering, and physics who have an interest in self-motion -- whether it be underwater, in space, or on solid ground -- will find this volume of interest.

Download or read book Self motion Perception from Optic Flow and Rotation Signals written by Jakob Andries Beintema and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tutorials on Motion Perception written by Alexander H. Wertheim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From August 24-29, 1980 the international "Symposium on the Study of Motion Perception; Recent Developments and Applications", sponsored by NATO and organized by the editors of this book, was held in Veldhoven, the Netherlands. The meeting was attended by about eighty scholars, including psychologists, neurologists, physicists and other scientists, from fourteen different countries. During the symposium some fifty research papers were presented and a series of tutorial review papers were read and discussed. The research presentations have been published in a special issue of the international journal of psychonomics "Acta Psychologica" (Vol. 48, 1981). The present book is a compilation of the tutorial papers. The tutorials were arranged around early versions of the chapters now appearing in this book. The long discussions at the Veldhoven tutorial sessions resulted in extensive revisions of the texts prior to this publication. Unfortunately this led to a delay in publication, but we feel that this was justified by a greater depth of understanding which, in our opinion, has significantly increased the quality of the book. As they now stand, the chapters cover most of the issues relevant to the study of motion perception. Also they clearly reflect the intensive exchange of knowledge that took place during the symposium. As such we think that this book can be used both as an advanced text for students and scientists alike and as a comprehensive reference source.

Download or read book On the Perception of Self Motion written by Alessandro Nesti and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Everyday life requires humans to move through the environment, while completing crucial tasks such as retrieving nourishment, avoiding perils or controlling motor vehicles. Success in these tasks largely relies in a correct perception of self-motion, i.e. the continuous estimation of one's body position and its derivatives with respect to the world. The processes underlying self-motion perception have fascinated neuroscientists for more than a century and large bodies of neural, behavioural and physiological studies have been conducted to discover how the central nervous system integrates available sensory information to create an internal representation of the physical motion. The goal of this PhD thesis is to extend current knowledge on self-motion perception by focusing on conditions that closely resemble typical aspects of everyday life. In the works conducted within this thesis, I isolate different components typical of everyday life motion and employ psychophysical methodologies to systematically investigate their effect on human self-motion sensitivity. Particular attention is dedicated to the human ability to discriminate between motions of different intensity. How this is achieved has been a fundamental question in the study of perception since the seminal works of Weber and Fechner. When tested over wide ranges of rotations and translations, participants' sensitivity (i.e. their ability to detect motion changes) is found to decrease with increasing motion intensities, revealing a nonlinearity in the perception of self-motion that is not present at the level of ocular reflexes or in neural responses of sensory afferents. The relationship between the stimulus intensity and the smallest intensity change perceivable by the participants can be mathematically described by a power law, regardless on the sensory modality investigated (visual or inertial) and on whether visual and inertial cues were presented alone or congruently combined, such as during natural movements. Individual perceptual law parameters were fit based on experimental data for upward and downward translations and yaw rotations based on visual-only, inertial-only and combined visual-inertial motion cues. Besides wide ranges of motion intensities, everyday life scenarios also provide complex motion patterns involving combinations of rotational and translational motion, visual and inertial sensory cues and physical and mental workload. The question of how different combinations of these factors affect motion sensitivity was experimentally addressed within the framework of driving simulation and revealed that sensitivity might strongly decrease in more realistic conditions, where participants do not only focus on perceiving a 'simple' motion stimulus (e.g. a sinusoidal profile at a specific frequency) but are, instead, actively engaged in a dynamic driving simulation. Applied benefits of the present thesis include advances in the field of vehicle motion simulation, where knowledge on human self-motion perception supports the development of state-of-the-art algorithms to control simulator motion. This allows for reproducing, within a safe and controlled environment, driving or flying experiences that are perceptually realistic to the user. Furthermore, the present work will guide future research into the neural basis of perception and action.

Download or read book Stevens Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Sensation Perception and Attention written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-13 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: II. Sensation, Perception & Attention: John Serences (Volume Editor) (Topics covered include taste; visual object recognition; touch; depth perception; motor control; perceptual learning; the interface theory of perception; vestibular, proprioceptive, and haptic contributions to spatial orientation; olfaction; audition; time perception; attention; perception and interactive technology; music perception; multisensory integration; motion perception; vision; perceptual rhythms; perceptual organization; color vision; perception for action; visual search; visual cognition/working memory.)

Download or read book The Perception of Object Motion During Self Motion written by Diederick Christian Niehorster and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Perception of Object Motion During Self-motion" by Diederick Christian, Niehorster, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: When we stand still and do not move our eyes and head, the motion of an object in the world or the absence thereof is directly given by the motion or quiescence of the retinal image. Self-motion through the world however complicates this retinal image. During self-motion, the whole retinal image undergoes coherent global motion, called optic flow. Self-motion therefore causes the retinal motion of objects moving in the world to be confounded by a motion component due to self-motion. How then do we perceive the motion of an object in the world when we ourselves are also moving? Although non-visual information about self-motion, such as provided by efference copies of motor commands and vestibular stimulation, might play a role in this ability, it has recently been shown that the brain possesses a purely visual mechanism that underlies scene-relative object motion perception during self-motion. In the flow parsing hypothesis developed by Rushton and Warren (2005; Warren & Rushton, 2007; 2009b), the brain uses its sensitivity to optic flow to detect and globally remove retinal motion due to self-motion and recover the scene-relative motion of objects. Research into this perceptual ability has so far been of a qualitative nature. In this thesis, I therefore develop a retinal motion nulling paradigm to measure the gain with which the flow parsing mechanism uses the optic flow to remove the self-motion component from an object's retinal motion. I use this paradigm to investigate how accurate scene-relative object motion perception during self-motion can be based on only visual information, whether this flow parsing process depends on a percept of the direction of self-motion and the tuning of flow parsing, i.e., how it is modulated by changes in various stimulus aspects. The results reveal that although adding monocular or binocular depth information to the display to precisely specify the moving object's 3D position in the scene improved the accuracy of flow parsing, the flow parsing gain was never up to the extent required by the scene geometry. Furthermore, the flow parsing gain was lower at higher eccentricities from the focus of expansion in the flow field and was strongly modulated by changes in the motion angle between the self-motion and object motion components in the retinal motion of the moving object, the speeds of these components and the density of the flow field. Lastly, flow parsing was not affected by illusory changes in the perceived direction of self-motion. In conclusion, visual information alone is not sufficient for accurate perception of scene-relative object motion during self-motion. Furthermore, flow parsing takes the 3D position of the moving object in the scene into account and is not a uniform global subtraction process. 8e observed tuning characteristics are different from those of local perceived motion interactions, providing evidence that flow parsing is a separate process from these local motion interactions. Finally, flow parsing does not depend on a prior percept of self-motion direction and instead directly uses the input retinal motion to construct percepts of scene-relative object motion during self-motion. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5177318 Subjects: Motion perception (Vision)

Download or read book Pilot Studies on Object Motion Perception During Linear Self Motion After Long Duration Centrifugation of Human Subjects written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four experiments are reported. They were carried out with the purpose of investigating whether we could use and optimize a particular experimental paradigm to investigate the effects of long duration centrifugation of human subjects. The method involved the psychophysical measurement of visual thresholds for perceiving object motion during self-motion on a linear track sled (acquired by the TNO Institute for Perception from the European Space Agency). Since the experiments were of a preliminary nature-we cannot (yet) draw definite conclusions as to their theoretical interpretation. Nevertheless it can be concluded that we have indeed developed an optimal method. In addition, we have arrived at two hypotheses, which can be tested in further research. According to the first hypothesis, long duration centrifugation affects the way in which visual information interacts with otolith reactivity. According to the second hypothesis, subjects who rely largely on visual information for a correct percept of egomotion are more susceptible to centrifuge induced sickness than others.

Download or read book Perception and Control Pr written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Motion Vision written by Johannes M. Zanker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originated from a small workshop on the question of how image motion is processed under natural conditions that was held in 1997 at the Institute of Advanced Studies of the Australian National University in Canberra."--Pref.

Download or read book The Perception of Real Motion written by Santo Salvatore and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Imaging fibres in the brain written by Michiel Kleinnijenhuis and published by Michiel Kleinnijenhuis. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these times where connectionist accounts of brain function are gaining in popularity, there is a need for reliable tools for determining anatomical connectivity in the living human brain. The technique of choice is diffusion MRI, but it is debatable whether this tool is suitable for mapping all but the major pathways. The thesis describes my contribution to the development and validation of tools to map the connections in the human brain. To honour the giants whose shoulders we stand on, and to provide neuroanatomical background, the thesis starts with a historical essay on connectional neuroanatomy. MRI techniques are introduced, focusing on the two modalities most relevant to the topic: diffusion MRI and susceptibility MRI. The thesis starts with proposing a novel tractography method: Structure Tensor Informed Fibre Tractography (STIFT). With STIFT, the strengths of diffusion MRI (angular resolution) and susceptibility MRI (spatial resolution) are harnessed in one technique. It provides improved spatial specificity of the resulting tracts. Furthermore, in regions with complex fibre configurations, STIFT is able to distinguish between crossing and kissing fibres. Although the method might not be applicable to all tracts in the brain, STIFT is expected to be a useful addition to the tractographer’s toolkit. The focus then shifts to the cortex. Cortical diffusion imaging becomes increasingly relevant now that high resolutions can be achieved in vivo, which perhaps allows fibres to be tracked into the cortex. By imaging human tissue samples of the primary visual cortex ex vivo on preclinical MR systems, it was demonstrated that cortical diffusion properties are layer-specific. While infra- and supragranular layers show anisotropic diffusion tensors oriented radially to the cortical sheet, the stria of Gennari has low anisotropy. Additionally, the thesis has shown that cortical layers could be better distinguished with the biophysical model NODDI than with conventional diffusion models. In that investigation, diffusion MRI and histology both suggested that fibre dispersion patterns at the grey-white matter boundary vary over the folding cortical sheet. The gyral fibre configurations were investigated further by high resolution diffusion tensor imaging at 7T in vivo. A characteristic pattern of fibre anatomy of the gyrus was derived, in which we observed variations of tensor anisotropy and radiality with cortical curvature, not only in the white matter, but also within the cortex. This set of experiments has considerable implications for tractography, suggesting that (artefactual) biases towards particular locations on the cortical sheet might exist; that models should be designed to capture a variety of dispersion and crossing patterns for tracking fibres in the gyrus; and that intracortical tractography might one day be feasible. The neuroanatomical teaching tools that are described in the final part of the thesis were created by combining white matter dissection, plastination and tractography. The plastinated prosections have considerable advantages over formalin-fixed specimens because they are durable, non-toxic and easy to handle. These tools might inspire new generations of students to take up research in connectional neuroanatomy.

Download or read book Issues in Brain and Cognition Research 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 1181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Brain and Cognition Research / 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. The editors have built Issues in Brain and Cognition Research: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Brain and Cognition Research: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Depth Perception Through Motion written by Myron L. Braunstein and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-10 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Series in Cognition and Perception: Depth Perception Through Motion focuses on the processes, methodologies, and techniques involved in depth perception through motion, including optic array, rigid motions, illusions, and axis. The book first elaborates on the paradox of depth perception, illusions of motion in depth, and optic array. Discussions focus on rigid motions in three-dimensional space, perspective gradients, projection plane, stereokinetic effect, rotating trapezoid, and the windmill and fan illusions. The text then examines transformations leading to the perception of depth, slant perception, and perceived direction of rotary motion. Topics include shadow and computer projections, direct observation of rotating figures, a model of the perception of rotary motion, dynamic slant and static slant perception, translations along the Z axis, and rotations about the X or Y axis. The publication is intended for researchers and graduate students interested in depth perception in dynamic environments.

Download or read book The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes written by Micah M. Murray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages of development, and clinical statuses. Organized thematically into nine sub-sections, the book is a collection of contributions by leading scientists in the field. Chapters build generally from basic to applied, allowing readers to ascertain how fundamental science informs the clinical and applied sciences. Topics discussed include: Anatomy, essential for understanding the neural substrates of multisensory processing Neurophysiological bases and how multisensory stimuli can dramatically change the encoding processes for sensory information Combinatorial principles and modeling, focusing on efforts to gain a better mechanistic handle on multisensory operations and their network dynamics Development and plasticity Clinical manifestations and how perception and action are affected by altered sensory experience Attention and spatial representations The last sections of the book focus on naturalistic multisensory processes in three separate contexts: motion signals, multisensory contributions to the perception and generation of communication signals, and how the perception of flavor is generated. The text provides a solid introduction for newcomers and a strong overview of the current state of the field for experts.

Download or read book Analysis of the Visual Information for Self motion Perception written by Sheryl Maxine Ehrlich and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: