Download or read book Studies on the Molecular Basis of Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium Falciparum written by David James Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book K ns ks Ch wawitthaya Radap M l kun Kh ng K nd Kh ng Ch a M l r a Chanit Fansiph ram T Y Klum Khwin lin written by Wanna Chaijaroenkul and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Structural Investigation of Plasmodium Falciparum Chloroquine Resistance Transporter in the Context of Anti Malarial Drug Resistance written by Jonathan Young Kim and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All CQ resistance-conferring PfCRT isoforms share the K76T mutation, which is widely used as a molecular marker for CQ resistance. Despite the significance in the impact of drug-resistant malaria, a detailed understanding of PfCRT physiological function and the molecular basis of PfCRT-mediated drug resistance have been hampered by a lack of high-resolution structural information. This dissertation describes the first structure of PfCRT and reveals the interaction of drugs with the purified and reconstituted protein. We determined the structure of the 49-kDa PfCRT 7G8, a clinically relevant CQ-resistant isoform found in South America, to 3.2 Å resolution by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), in complex with a specific antigen-binding fragment (Fab) to overcome current size limitations in cryo-EM. Our PfCRT structure displays an inward-open conformation, consists of 10 transmembrane (TM) helices with an inverted topology, and has unique elements including two juxtamembrane helices and a highly conserved cysteine-rich loop between TM helix 7 and 8.

Download or read book Antimalarial Chemotherapy written by Philip J. Rosenthal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-04-01 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philip Rosenthal, MD, and a panel of leading malaria experts drawn from academia, the military, and international health organizations survey the latest scientific understanding of antimalarial chemotherapy, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms of resistance and the description of important new targets. Their survey covers the current status of malarial and antimalarial chemotherapy, the relevant biology and biochemistry of malaria parasites, the antimalarial drugs currently available, new chemical approaches to chemotherapy, and possible new targets for chemotherapy. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Antimalarial Chemotherapy: Mechanisms of Action, Resistance, and New Directions in Drug Discovery clearly delineates all the basic and clinical research now addressing one of the world's major unresolved disease problems, work that is now powerfully driving the rapid pace of antimalarial drug discovery today.

Download or read book Molecular Basis of Drug Design and Resistance written by G. H. Coombs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the specially commissioned supplement to the journal Parasitology, volume 114.

Download or read book Molecular Characterisation of the Plasmodium Falciparum Pfcrt Gene Involved in Chloroquine Resistance written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chloroquine (CQ) resistant P. falciparum was first reported in the 1960s at the Thai-Cambodia border. Gradually CQ resistance has spread and is found in all regions where P. falciparum transmission occurs. The emergence of CQ resistance due to excessive CQ selection pressure on the parasite populations has become an important issue because of the higher mortality and morbidity associated with drug resistance. Currently CQ is no longer recommended to treat falciparum malaria. CQ resistance in P. falciparum has been attributed to a single amino acid substitution on the P. falciparum chloroquine resistant transporter (pfcrt) at position 76 where Iysine is substituted with threonine (K76T). Molecular studies showed that CQ resistance emerged independently at five different geographical locations namely: Southeast Asia, two sites in South America, Papua New Guinea and the Philippines. Further analysis of resistant isolates revealed 22 additional non-silent amino acid substitutions on the pfcrt gene with a new amino acid substitution detected in the study reported here.

Download or read book The Molecular Basis of Plasmodium Falciparum Resistance to the Antimalarial Lumefantrine written by Christin Sisowath and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Malaria written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria is making a dramatic comeback in the world. The disease is the foremost health challenge in Africa south of the Sahara, and people traveling to malarious areas are at increased risk of malaria-related sickness and death. This book examines the prospects for bringing malaria under control, with specific recommendations for U.S. policy, directions for research and program funding, and appropriate roles for federal and international agencies and the medical and public health communities. The volume reports on the current status of malaria research, prevention, and control efforts worldwide. The authors present study results and commentary on the: Nature, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and epidemiology of malaria. Biology of the malaria parasite and its vector. Prospects for developing malaria vaccines and improved treatments. Economic, social, and behavioral factors in malaria control.

Download or read book Saving Lives Buying Time written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-09-09 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 50 years, low-cost antimalarial drugs silently saved millions of lives and cured billions of debilitating infections. Today, however, these drugs no longer work against the deadliest form of malaria that exists throughout the world. Malaria deaths in sub-Saharan Africaâ€"currently just over one million per yearâ€"are rising because of increased resistance to the old, inexpensive drugs. Although effective new drugs called "artemisinins" are available, they are unaffordable for the majority of the affected population, even at a cost of one dollar per course. Saving Lives, Buying Time: Economics of Malaria Drugs in an Age of Resistance examines the history of malaria treatments, provides an overview of the current drug crisis, and offers recommendations on maximizing access to and effectiveness of antimalarial drugs. The book finds that most people in endemic countries will not have access to currently effective combination treatments, which should include an artemisinin, without financing from the global community. Without funding for effective treatment, malaria mortality could double over the next 10 to 20 years and transmission will intensify.

Download or read book World Malaria Report 2018 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2019-02-12 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This year s report shows that after an unprecedented period of success in global malaria control progress has stalled. Data from 2015?2017 highlight that no significant progress in reducing global malaria cases was made in this period. There were an estimated 219 million cases and 435 000 related deaths in 2017. The World malaria report 2018 draws on data from 90 countries and areas with ongoing malaria transmission. The information is supplemented by data from national household surveys and databases held by other organizations.

Download or read book Analysis of the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium Falciparum written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The CQR phenotype has traditionally been defined at low nanomolar cytostatic CQ concentrations but these do not correspond to medically relevant cytotoxic doseages. Thus, CQ accumulation was also measured using 3H-CQ and infected red blood cells at external CQ that corresponds to cytotoxic vs cytostatic concentrations. It was discovered that reduced CQ accumulation is not the underlying cause of cytotoxic CQR.

Download or read book Malaria Drugs Disease and Post genomic Biology written by David Sullivan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-09 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite rapid increases in knowledge, malaria continues to kill more than a million people each year and causes symptomatic disease in a further 300 million individuals. This volume brings some of the world's best investigators to describe recent advances in both the scientific and clinical aspects of malaria, and bridges between the two.

Download or read book Analysis of Plasmodium Falciparum Chloroquine Resistance Transporters in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Nicholas Kyle Baro and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study demonstrates the use of a model eukaryotic heterologous system to elucidate key features of a resistance protein from malaria parasites and highlights the potential of using this system to characterize its endogenous substrate.

Download or read book Plasmodium Vivax and Drug Resistance written by Puji Budi Setia Budi Setia Asih and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resistance to antimalarial drugs is a threat to global efforts to eliminate malaria by 2030. Currently, treatment for vivax malaria uses chloroquine or ACT for uncomplicated P. vivax whereas primaquine is given to eliminate latent liver stage infections (a method known as radical cure). Studies on P. vivax resistance to antimalarials and the molecular basis of resistance lags far behind the P. falciparum as in vitro cultivation of the P. vivax has not yet been established. Therefore, data on the P. vivax resistance to any antimalarial drugs are generated through in vivo studies or through monitoring of antimalarial treatments in mixed species infection. Indirect evidence through drug selective pressure on the parasites genome, as evidenced by the presence of the molecular marker(s) for drug resistance in areas where P. falciparum and P. vivax are distributed in sympatry may reflect, although require validation, the status of P. vivax resistance. This review focuses on the currently available data that may represent the state-of-the art of the P. vivax resistance status to antimalarial to anticipate the challenge for malaria elimination by 2030.

Download or read book Global Report on Antimalarial Drug Efficacy and Drug Resistance written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a comprehensive, global overview of antimalarial drug efficacy and the resistance of malaria parasites to the antimalarial medicines used between 2000 and June 2010. Policy-makers in national ministries of health will benefit from this document, as it provides both a global and a regional picture of the efficacy of the antimalarial medicines currently used in national treatment programmes. In addition, the report will be a reference for scientists, enhancing their understanding of the complexity of antimalarial drug resistance.

Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Mefloquine Resistance in Plasmodium Falciparum written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The molecular basis for mefloquine resistance in the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum was investigated using recombinant DNA techniques. The parasites were found to be capable of manifesting extremely high levels of resistance to the drug in vitro. Resistant lines were found to be rapidly growing, impervious to various treatments, and significantly stimulated to grow by low levels of mefloquine. At the molecular levels, it was found that the genes for tubulin, a calmodulin-like protein, and a P-glycoprotein-like protein were all amplified in a quantitative relationship to the degree of resistance. Clones for each of these genes were isolated and characterized. Attempts were made to induce the amplification of tubulin genes in a sensitive parasite to see whether this event would confer resistance. High levels of vinblastine resistance were achieved but without evidence of gene amplification. Hence, the exact relationship between the amplification event and drug resistance remains unresolved. Keywords: Biotechnology; DNA structure; Drugs; Infectious diseases; Malaria; Mefloquine; Plasmodium; Parasitology.

Download or read book Treatment and Prevention of Malaria written by Henry M. Staines and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-06 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria has defeated previous efforts at eradication and remains a massive global public health problem despite being readily preventable and treatable. It is a devastating disease that also extracts huge economic costs from the poorest countries in endemic regions. Starting with an overview of the disease and its current political, financial and technical context, this Milestones in Drug Therapy volume describes the history, chemistry, mechanisms of action and resistance, preclinical and clinical use, pharmacokinetics and safety and tolerability of the current range of antimalarial drugs. There is particular emphasis on artemisinins and related peroxides, as these drugs have now become the frontline treatment for malaria. Next generation antimalarials, molecular markers for detecting resistance, the importance of diagnostics and disease prevention are also covered in detail.