Download or read book Studies on the Effects of Soil Compaction on Plant Growth and Soil Properties written by M.Narayana Reddy and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Subsurface Soil Compaction and Improvement Strategies written by Naeem Ahmad and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil compaction is caused by tillage equipment, reduced use of organic matter, frequent use of chemical fertilizer and ploughing at the same depth for many years. In field experiments subsurface soil compaction was artificially created with seven tons roller. Number of rolling was considered the extent of compaction. In an adjacent field different improvement measures were incorporated in pre-compacted soil. Treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design replicated four times. After eight weeks soil samples were taken for determination of bulk density and porosity. Compaction treatments progressively increased bulk density between 15 to 26%, while decreased porosity in the range of 14 to 27% over control. An inverse relationship between bulk density and porosity was observed. Different improvement measures decreased bulk density in the range of 13 to 17% over control, however, increased porosity between 15 to 18% over control. Subsurface soil compaction may be redeemed by applying combination of different improvement measures such as addition of farm yard manure, gypsum and deep ploughing etc.
Download or read book Effect of Soil Compaction on Plant Growth and Soil Hydrophysical Properties written by M. S. R. M. Rao and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Compaction in Crop Production written by B.D. Soane and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a global review of the mechanisms, incidence and control measures related to the problems of soil compaction in agriculture, forestry and other cropping systems. Among the disciplines which relate to this subject are soil physics, soil mechanics, vehicle mechanics, agricultural engineering, plant physiology, agronomy, pedology, climatology and economics. The volume will be of great value to soil scientists, agricultural engineers, and all those involved with irrigation, drainage and tillage. It will help to facilitate the exchange of information on current work throughout the world, as well as to promote scientific understanding and stimulate the development, evaluation and adoption of practical solutions to these widespread and urgent problems.
Download or read book Root induced Compaction and Its Effects on Soil Microstructure and Soil Hydraulic Properties Using X ray Micro tomography and Numerical Simulations written by Jazmín Estefanía Aravena Ibáñez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil is a challenging environment where resources, such as water, nutrients and air, are scarce and patchy. Plants and soil microorganisms have limited ability to move toward nutrient-enriched zones, compared with animals. Plants and roots have evolved to adapt and influence their physical environment as a way to create favorable conditions for its development. On the other hand, the structure of the soil controls its ability to receive, store and transmit water, to cycle carbon and nutrients, and to disperse anthropogenic and natural contaminants. As roots grow, soil structure changes; the pressure exerted produces a decrease in soil porosity and an increase in soil density, creating complex soil-root interactions. The scales of interest in the study of soil structure range from angstroms to kilometers. To study processes such as plant growth, root penetration, storage of water, and movement of nutrients, the most relevant scales range from microns to centimeters. Recent advances in X-ray micro-tomography (XMT) imaging have allowed the study of rhizosphere on spatial scale hitherto unreachable. This dissertation investigates utilization of XMT to study root-induced compaction on soil micro-structure and its effect on soil hydraulic properties. The current state of the art in soil-plant-root interactions using XMT is presented. Techniques to improve sensitivity of XMT images when roots are being scanned, are discussed. Feasibility of various segmentation techniques and examples of their use to quantify soil properties are addressed. XMT data quantification is then used in the study to feed numerical flow models. At bulk-scale, soil compaction has been associated with decrease in porosity and hydraulic conductivity and thus a reduction in soil productivity and fertility. However, at the aggregate scale, this study shows that natural root-induced compaction increases contact areas between aggregates, which may lead to an increase in unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil adjacent to the roots. An analytical model to estimate the effect aggregate compaction on its effective hydraulic conductivity was developed. It was found that the effective hydraulic conductivity of a pair of aggregates, undergoing uniaxial stress, increased following a non-linear relationship as inter-aggregate contact area increased. Additionally, this study presents numerical modeling using actual XMT images of aggregated soil around a root surrogate to demonstrate how root-induced deformation increases unsaturated water flow towards the root, providing insight into the growth and water uptake patterns of roots in natural soils. Finally, this study presents a novel procedure that allowed coupling mechanical induced compaction with fluid flow simulation to model root-induced compaction in the rhizosphere. XMT images were used to describe in detail the rhizosphere microstructure. Then, finite element simulations were used to study the effect of an expanding root on root water uptake. The effect of increase aggregate connectivity, increase in effective hydraulic conductivity, root-soil contact area, and increase in local and global hydraulic gradient were evaluated. These results contribute to a better understanding of soil-waterroot interactions.
Download or read book Limitations to Efficient Water Use in Crop Production written by Howard M. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annotated Bibliography on Soil Compaction written by American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Soil Compaction Committee and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Soil Compaction on Plant Growth written by Lawrence Eugene Wittsell and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Soil Compaction on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake and a Technique to Study Its Mechanism written by Gosala Srirama Murty and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vicia faba Agronomy Physiology and Breeding written by P.D. Hebblethwaite and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the fourth major publication on Vicia faba reporting proceedings of seminars organised through the Commission of the European Communities in the context of the E.E.C. Common Research Programme on Plant Protein Improvement. The previous three volumes report proceedings from the seminar in Sari in 1978 (Some current research on Vicia faba in Western Europe), and from Cambridge in 1979 (Vicia faba : Feeding value, processing and viruses) and in Wageningen in 1980 (Vicia faba : Physiology and Breeding). The theme of this seminar, held at the University of Nottingham from 14th to 16th September 1983 was selected to examine current research on agronomy, physiology, plant breeding and nutrition. 84 delegates from 15 European countries attended. Throughout the seminar there was a spirit of friendliness and co-operation. Everyone seemed dedicated to doing real justice to the faba bean crop. The organisation of this seminar would not have been possible without the help of my secretary, Mrs. Jeanne Rodwell who undertook most of the administrative and secretarial work. P.D. Hebblethwaite COMPONENTS OF THE YIELD AND YIELD OF VICIA FABA Ph. Plancquaert, J.L. Raphalen Institut Technique des Cereales et des Fourrages 8 Avenue du President Wilson, 75116 Paris, France. ABSTRACT Preliminary experiments have indicated the main factors affecting the yield of winter (6 trials) and spring faba beans (5 trials) : information is presented on the development of pods and flowers, yield and yield components and grain protein content at different locations in France.
Download or read book Principles of Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture written by Francisco J. Villalobos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-25 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook explains the various aspects of sustainable agricultures to undergraduate and graduate students. The book first quantifies the components of the crop energy balance, i.e. the partitioning of net radiation, and their effect on the thermal environment of the canopy. The soil water balance and the quantification of its main component (evapotranspiration) are studied to determine the availability of water to rain fed crops and to calculate crop water requirements. Then it sets the limitations of crop production in relation to crop phenology, radiation interception and resource availability (e.g. nutrients). With that in mind the different agricultural techniques (sowing, tillage, irrigation, fertilization, harvest, application of pesticides, etc.) are analyzed with special emphasis in quantifying the inputs (sowing rates, fertilizer amounts, irrigation schedules, tillage plans) required for a given target yield under specific environmental conditions (soil & climate). For all techniques strategies are provided for improving the ratio productivity/resource use while ensuring sustainability. The book comes with online practical focusing on the key aspects of management in a crop rotation (collecting weather data, calculating productivity, sowing rates, irrigation programs, fertilizers rates etc).
Download or read book Earthworms written by Kenneth Ernest Lee and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthworms and their environment; The physical environment; Phenology; Populations and association; Ecological energetics; Predators, parasites and pathogens; Dispersal; Altitudinal zonation; Physical effects on soils; chemical effects on soils; Earthworms and pedogenesis; Earthworms and plant growth; Earthworms and land use practices; Use of earthworms for waste disposal; Earthworms; as a protein source.
Download or read book The Effect of Compaction on the Physical Condition of Several Soils and on the Growth of Plants written by Norman J Rosenberg and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Detoxification of Heavy Metals written by Irena Sherameti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heavy metals are severe environmental pollutants, and many of them are toxic even at very low concentrations. With industrial development, soil pollution with heavy metal elements have dramatically increased. The uptake of heavy metals via plants that are exposed to contaminated soils is a risk for human health and a major hazard for the ecosystem as a whole, including soil microorganisms. On the other hand, plants may be used in the decontamination of soils. The topics presented in this book include: sources of heavy metals contaminants in soils; plant species that can grow on contaminated soils; the phytoremediation of contaminated soils; tolerance, accumulation and detoxification mechanisms of zinc, copper, arsenic, cadmium and vanadium in plants; the critical role of sulfur metabolism in heavy metal tolerance; the role of aquatic macrophytes, plant growth-promoting bacteria, sugar crops and earthworms in detoxification; and heavy metal stabilization by promoting zeolite synthesis in soils.
Download or read book Soil Compaction written by Jodi DeJong-Hughes and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Soil Science written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of Advances in Soil Science is to provide a forum for leading scientists to analyze and summarize the available scientific information on a subject, assessing its importance and identifying additional research needs. A wide array of subjects has been addressed by authors from many countries in the initial ten volumes of the series. The quick acceptance of the series by both authors and readers has been very gratifying and confirms our perception that a need did exist for a medium to fill the gap between the scientific journals and the comprehensive reference books. This volume is the first of the series devoted entirely to a single topic soil degradation. Future volumes will include both single-topic volumes as well as volumes containing reviews of different topics of soil science, as in the case of the first ten volumes. There are increasing concern and attention about managing natural re sources, particularly soil and water. Soil degradation is clearly one of the most pressing problems facing mankind. Although the spotlight regarding soil degradation in recent years has focused on Africa, concern about the degradation of soil and water resources is worldwide. The widespread con cern about global environmental change is also being linked to severe problems of soil degradation. Therefore, we are indeed pleased that the first volume of the series devoted to a single topic addresses such an impor tant issue. The current volume is also the first of the series involving a guest editor.
Download or read book Studies of soil compaction in relation to plant growth written by Mohamed Osman El-Hassan El-Karouri and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
