Download or read book Anatomy and Physiology written by J. Gordon Betts and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neural Control of Renal Function written by Ulla Kopp and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kidney is innervated with efferent sympathetic nerve fibers reaching the renal vasculature, the tubules, the juxtaglomerular granular cells, and the renal pelvic wall. The renal sensory nerves are mainly found in the renal pelvic wall. Increases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity reduce renal blood flow and urinary sodium excretion by activation of α1-adrenoceptors and increase renin secretion rate by activation of β1-adrenoceptors. In response to normal physiological stimulation, changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity contribute importantly to homeostatic regulation of sodium and water balance. The renal mechanosensory nerves are activated by stretch of the renal pelvic tissue produced by increases in renal pelvic tissue of a magnitude that may occur during increased urine flow rate. Activation of the sensory nerves elicits an inhibitory renorenal reflex response consisting of decreases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity leading to natriuresis. Increasing efferent sympathetic nerve activity increases afferent renal nerve activity which, in turn, decreases efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity by activation of the renorenal reflexes. Thus, activation of the afferent renal nerves buffers changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the overall goal of maintaining sodium balance. In pathological conditions of sodium retention, impairment of the inhibitory renorenal reflexes contributes to an inappropriately increased efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the presence of sodium retention. In states of renal disease or injury, there is a shift from inhibitory to excitatory reflexes originating in the kidney. Studies in essential hypertensive patients have shown that renal denervation results in long-term reduction in arterial pressure, suggesting an important role for the efferent and afferent renal nerves in hypertension. Table of Contents: Part I: Efferent Renal Sympathetic Nerves / Introduction / Neuroanatomy / Neural Control of Renal Hemodynamics / Neural Control of Renal Tubular Function / Neural Control of Renin Secretion Rate / Part II: Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Introduction / Neuroanatomy / Renorenal Reflexes / Mechanisms Involved in the Activation of Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Part III: Pathophysiological States / Efferent Renal Sympathetic Nerves / Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Conclusions / References

Download or read book The Kidney Structure and Function in Health and Disease written by Homer William Smith and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 1086 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smith gives a broad presentation of kidney physiology.

Download or read book Nutrition in Kidney Disease written by Laura D. Byham-Gray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-23 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition in Kidney Disease, Second Edition addresses the relationships between nutrition and (1) normal kidney function and disease, (2) the progressiveness of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and strategies to prevent further compromise, and (3) the treatment and management of kidney failure especially during medical crises, such as acute kidney injury and its consequent nutritional therapies (e.g., enteral and parenteral nutrition). Demographic patterns, trends and outcomes in the current health care systems are explored in the United States and abroad. Disease prevention and management are presented over the entire lifespan, beginning with pregnancy, followed by infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, concluding with the elder years. Foundations for clinical practice are established by devoting a complete section towards conducting a comprehensive nutritional assessment, comprising of anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, physical parameters and psychosocial concerns unique to the kidney disease population. Nutritional therapy is also discussed across the spectrum of kidney disease, and pertinent aspects critical to successful management of disorders and conditions, such as bone disease, obesity, and nephrotic syndrome are explored. Nutrition in Kidney Disease, Second edition highlights cutting edge research in regards to exercise and functional outcomes, malnutrition and the inflammatory response, experimental therapies, and the use of complementary and alternative medicine, with a special emphasis on relevant preventative strategies.

Download or read book Clinical Companion in Nephrology written by Jack Fairweather and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-29 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this educational book provides an updated resource on how best to discuss and manage acute and chronic presentations of renal diseases. All chapters have been reviewed and updated to reflect changes which directly affect clinical practice and new chapters have been added including Dialysis and Poisoning, Urinalysis/Microscopy and Renal Biopsy. Chapters now include information on key clinical trials for management strategies Allowing for concise reading on specific topics this book acts as both a quick reference text and study guide. The layout has been designed in a question and answer format in order to promote self-directed learning. Images and diagrams have been further standardized and improved for the new edition and remain a key feature of the book. Clinical Companion in Nephrology, second edition, is an invaluable resource for junior doctors, medical students and renal nurses who encounter renal patients in their daily practice.

Download or read book The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-09-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a commonly held belief that athletes, particularly body builders, have greater requirements for dietary protein than sedentary individuals. However, the evidence in support of this contention is controversial. This book is the latest in a series of publications designed to inform both civilian and military scientists and personnel about issues related to nutrition and military service. Among the many other stressors they experience, soldiers face unique nutritional demands during combat. Of particular concern is the role that dietary protein might play in controlling muscle mass and strength, response to injury and infection, and cognitive performance. The first part of the book contains the committee's summary of the workshop, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The remainder of the book contains papers contributed by speakers at the workshop on such topics as, the effects of aging and hormones on regulation of muscle mass and function, alterations in protein metabolism due to the stress of injury or infection, the role of individual amino acids, the components of proteins, as neurotransmitters, hormones, and modulators of various physiological processes, and the efficacy and safety considerations associated with dietary supplements aimed at enhancing performance.

Download or read book The Vascular Pole of the Renal Glomerulus of Rat written by Marlies Elger and published by Springer. This book was released on 1997-10-10 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of the architecture of the renal glomerulus is a prerequisite for understanding both glomerular function and pathology. Glomerular filtration depends on comparably high intracapillary hydrostatic pressures. These high pressures must be balanced by commensurate counterforces to maintain structural integrity. Elevated pressures can damage the glomerulus. The "window" for pressures high enough for effective filtration and yet tolerable to the glomerulus is narrow. Precise regulation is therefore necessary to keep intraglomerular pressure within an appropriate range. This study provides a comprehensive description of the glomerular arterioles, which are the vessels primarily responsible for the regulation of intraglomerular pressures. It thereby describes the structures which may be presumed to generate counterforces needed to assure structural stability. The arterioles are closely associated with the supporting system comprised of the intra- and extraglomerular mesangium. The extraglomerular mesangium forms a spider-like clamp providing a mechanical interconnection of all components of the vascular pole. At the same time, it may act as a tension receptor, i.e. as a sensor of intraglomerular pressures. Due to its intimate relationship to the macula densa, the extraglomerular mesangium receives information on the distal solute delivery and therefore may act as the integrative center within the juxtaglomerular apparatus. The close spatial association between the afferent and efferent arterioles at the vascular pole suggests a direct regulatory interaction between both arterioles. In addition, the specific wall structure of the efferent arteriole exhibiting the features of a shear stress receptor suggests new pathways for feedback regulation of glomerular hemodynamics.

Download or read book Anatomy Physiology written by Lindsay Biga and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A version of the OpenStax text

Download or read book Principles of Renal Physiology written by Christopher J. Lote and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strengths of this popular text { its conciseness and logical progr ession through renal physiology and pathophysiology { are retained in the 4th edition. The text has been updated throughout, and the content has been expanded to make the book eminently suitable for 'systems-ba sed' courses.

Download or read book The Renal System written by Michael John Field and published by Churchill Livingstone. This book was released on 2010 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an integrated textbook on the renal system, covering the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of the system, all presented in a clinically relevant context appropriate for the first two years of the medical student course. One of the seven volumes in the Systems of the Body series. Concise text covers the core anatomy, physiology and biochemistry in an integrated manner as required by system- and problem-based medical courses. The basic science is presented in the clinical context in a way appropriate for the early part of the medical course. There is a linked website providing self-assessment material ideal for examination preparation.

Download or read book Renal Physiology written by Bruce M. Koeppen and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text covers all of the essential points of renal physiology in a concise presentation and provides an essential tool for introducing concepts or reviewing basic information. Extensive use of tables, diagrams, and illustrations aids comprehension. The focus on core concepts, end-of-chapter summaries, and the clinical content and emphasis make this an excellent learning tool. Includes relevant content on the kidney with regards to the new genetic and molecular information available. Also features a new exam for self testing. Chapter objectives. Self study problems. Clinical case studies. Multiple choice exams for self assessment. Emphasis on the core concepts. Key words and concepts. New coverage of the genetics and molecular biology of renal transporters. New multiple-choice examhas been added, giving users 100 questions for self assessment.

Download or read book Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma written by Shahrokh F. Shariat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-13 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma represents the first book of its kind to be dedicated solely to UTUC. It's aim is to improve understanding and eventually care of a disease that is greatly understudied and underappreciated, yet commonly dealt with by many medical and urologic oncologists. The volume features new data regarding genetic susceptibility, gene expression studies and causative factors; contemporary concepts and controversies regarding diagnosis and staging of UTUC; prediction tools and their value in treatment decisions within each disease stage and patient selection and treatment options such as endoscopic management, distal ureterectomy, radical nephroureterectomy and chemotherapy. Up-to-date information regarding boundaries of surgical resection, indication and extent of lymphadenectomy is covered as well as the role of perioperative/neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with high-risk UTUC. Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma will be of great value to all Urologists, Medical Oncologists and fellows in Urologic Oncology as well as upper level residents in training in Urology and Medical Oncology.

Download or read book Structural Analysis of the Rabbit Kidney written by Brigitte Kaissling and published by Springer. This book was released on 1979-01-01 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Karl Peter stated in 1909 in his famous monograph, Untersuchungen iiber Bau und Entwicklung der Niere, that the rabbit has a simply structured kidney and without knowledge of it he would not have succeeded in understanding the structural organi zation of other more complicated kidneys. Even with today's advanced knowledge of kidney organization this statement is still valid. With regard to the histotopographic relations of tubules and vessels as well as to the ultrastructure, the rabbit kidney is more simply organized than other mammalian kidneys, for example the mouse kidney and especially the Psammomys kidney. The rabbit kidney essentially displays the basic pattern of a mammalian kidney. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of the morphology of the rabbit kidney is indispensable for investigating kidneys of other species. Another reason for extensively investigating the rabbit kidney is that it is the only kidney with tubules that can easily be isolated and, therefore, be used for in vitro experiments (Burg et al. , 1966). Many investigations using these techniques have been performed in the last decade (for references see corresponding chapters). Accordingly the different segments of the nephron are functionally best characterized in the rabbit kidney. The purpose of this paper is to supply the basis for good structural-functional correlations. 2 Material and Methods 2. 1 Light Microscopy The histologic and histotopographic observations are based on a study of the kidneys of a total of 25 male and female New Zealand rabbits (2500-4500 g body wt. ). . 2. 1.

Download or read book Renal Physiology E Book written by Bruce M. Koeppen and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renal Physiology helps you to quickly and easily grasp the fundamentals of renal physiology and learn how to apply them in a clinical context. Thoroughly updated, this medical reference book in the Mosby Physiology Monograph Series provides a basic understanding of normal kidney function at the cellular and molecular level. Attractively illustrated with clear 2-color diagrams, it also facilitates study with learning objectives, "In the Clinic" and "At the Molecular Level" boxes, chapter summaries, and clinical cases with review questions and explained answers. Stay current with clear, accurate coverage of the physiology of normal renal function focusing on the needs of the student. Bridge the gap between normal function and disease with pathophysiology content throughout the book. Understand complex concepts by examining more than more than 250 clear, 2-color diagrams. Perform quick searches ... add your own notes and bookmarks ... and more! Put theory into practice with "In the Clinic" or "At the Molecular Level " boxes in each chapter that explain the practical applications of fundamental knowledge. Deepen your understanding of fundamental and advanced information with an expanded collection of review questions reviewed and reorganized by chapter. Master the material more easily with learning objectives, overview boxes, key words and concepts, and chapter summaries. Apply what you've learned to real-life clinical situations with clinical cases in question-answer format at the end of each chapter. Gain a quick and easy understanding of the physiology of kidney and renal function

Download or read book The Kidney written by Donna E. Hansel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-16 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a practical, comprehensive overview on benign and malignant disease of the adult kidney. The text addresses the topic of assessment and management of patients with surgical renal disease. Within this scope, it includes hereditary and spontaneous renal neoplasms, as well as non-neoplastic disease that manifests as a clinically relevant mass. The book is organized into chapters focusing on discrete disease entities and incorporating pathology, surgical management, oncologic therapy, radiologic findings, and molecular alterations. This text is designed to address relevant areas of clinical management of renal neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease across multiple specialties and levels of training. Written by experts in the field, The Kidney: A Comprehensive Guide to Pathologic Diagnosis and Management is a valuable resource on the diagnosis and management of patients with not only renal cell carcinoma, but also other renal processes that require surgical intervention.

Download or read book Structure and Function of the Kidney written by Rolf K. H. Kinne and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Renal Physiology E Book written by Bruce M. Koeppen and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-08-21 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gain a foundational understanding of renal physiology and how the renal system functions in health and disease. Renal Physiology, a volume in the Mosby Physiology Series, explains the fundamentals of this complex subject in a clear and concise manner, while helping you bridge the gap between normal kidney function and disease with pathophysiology content throughout the book. - Helps you easily master the material in a systems-based curriculum with learning objectives, "In the Clinic" and "At the Molecular Level" boxes, chapter summaries, clinical cases with review questions and answers, self-study questions, and a comprehensive exam. - Includes more than 250 clear, 2-color diagrams that simplify complex concepts. - Features clinical commentaries that show you how to apply what you've learned to real-life clinical situations. Complete the Mosby Physiology Series! Systems-based and portable, these titles are ideal for integrated programs. - Blaustein, Kao, & Matteson: Cellular Physiology and Neurophysiology - Cloutier: Respiratory Physiology - Pappano & Wier: Cardiovascular Physiology - Johnson: Gastrointestinal Physiology - White, Harrison, & Mehlmann: Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology - Hudnall: Hematology: A Pathophysiologic Approach