Download or read book Specific Ion Effects written by Werner Kunz and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specific ion effects are important in numerous fields of science and technology. This book summarizes the main ideas that came up over the years. It presents the efforts of theoreticians and supports it by the experimental results stemming from various techniques.

Download or read book Chemical Bonding at Surfaces and Interfaces written by Anders Nilsson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular surface science has made enormous progress in the past 30 years. The development can be characterized by a revolution in fundamental knowledge obtained from simple model systems and by an explosion in the number of experimental techniques. The last 10 years has seen an equally rapid development of quantum mechanical modeling of surface processes using Density Functional Theory (DFT). Chemical Bonding at Surfaces and Interfaces focuses on phenomena and concepts rather than on experimental or theoretical techniques. The aim is to provide the common basis for describing the interaction of atoms and molecules with surfaces and this to be used very broadly in science and technology. The book begins with an overview of structural information on surface adsorbates and discusses the structure of a number of important chemisorption systems. Chapter 2 describes in detail the chemical bond between atoms or molecules and a metal surface in the observed surface structures. A detailed description of experimental information on the dynamics of bond-formation and bond-breaking at surfaces make up Chapter 3. Followed by an in-depth analysis of aspects of heterogeneous catalysis based on the d-band model. In Chapter 5 adsorption and chemistry on the enormously important Si and Ge semiconductor surfaces are covered. In the remaining two Chapters the book moves on from solid-gas interfaces and looks at solid-liquid interface processes. In the final chapter an overview is given of the environmentally important chemical processes occurring on mineral and oxide surfaces in contact with water and electrolytes. - Gives examples of how modern theoretical DFT techniques can be used to design heterogeneous catalysts - This book suits the rapid introduction of methods and concepts from surface science into a broad range of scientific disciplines where the interaction between a solid and the surrounding gas or liquid phase is an essential component - Shows how insight into chemical bonding at surfaces can be applied to a range of scientific problems in heterogeneous catalysis, electrochemistry, environmental science and semiconductor processing - Provides both the fundamental perspective and an overview of chemical bonding in terms of structure, electronic structure and dynamics of bond rearrangements at surfaces

Download or read book Water Structure at the Water Polymer Interface written by H. Jellinek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This symposium was held at the l6lst ACS National Meeting, Los Angeles, March/April 1971. It represents a contribution to the discussion of problems connected with the state of water near macromolecules. Some papers are only peripheral to the problem of water structure but may become quite pertinent in specific cases. Questions concerned with water structure, rate of hydration, and similar problems are of importance for biological processes and are still not yet well understood. It is hoped that the papers presented here will be of some help in the clarification of problems in this area. H. H. G. Jellinek Department of Chemistry Clarkson College of Technology Potsdam, New York September, 1971 v CONTRIBUTORS S. Ablett, Unilever Research Laboratory, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford, England M. Anbar, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, California F. W. Cope, Biochemistry Division, Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, U. S. Naval Air Development Center, Warminster, Pennsylvania B. Crist, Camille Dreyfus Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina F. Franks, Unilever Research Laboratory, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford, England H. R, Gloria, NASA-Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California G. W. Gross, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico H. R. Hansen, The Procter & Gamble Company, Miami Valley Laboratories, Cincinnati, Ohio R. S. Kaiser, Research Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York N. Laiken, Department of Chemistry, The University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon C. E. Lamaze, Camille Dreyfus Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina G. N.

Download or read book Foams Physics Chemistry and Structure written by Ashley J. Wilson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foams and froths are an important feature of everyday life; one only has to think of shaving foam, foam upholstery, fire fighting foam, bread, bear head, and ice cream. Less obvious but equally important are the foams and foaming processes which are being exploited in ever more complex and imaginative ways in industry. However, the unusual nature of foams, the fact that they are neither solids or liquids, and their very fragility has prevented scientists from obtaining a thorough understanding of even the basic principles of foam formation and stability. This volume presents papers on the physics, chemistry, structure and ultrastructure of foams by contributors from a wide range of backgrounds and research disciplines. The aim of the book is to present a unique multi-disciplinary cross section of work currently being undertaken on the subject of foams.

Download or read book Biological Water written by Gertz I. Likhtenshtein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book embraces all physiochemical aspects of the structure and molecular dynamics of water, focusing on its role in biological objects, e.g. living cells and tissue, and in the formation of functionally active structures of biological molecules and their ensembles. Water is the single most abundant chemical found in all living things. It offers a detailed look into the latest modern physical methods for studying the molecular structure and dynamics of the water and provides a critical analysis of the existing literature data on the properties of water in biological objects. Water as a chemical reagent and as a medium for the formation of conditions for enzymatic catalysis is a core focus of this book. Although well suited for active researchers, the book as a whole, as well as each chapter on its own, can be used as fundamental reference material for graduate and undergraduate students throughout chemistry, physics, biophysics and biomedicine.

Download or read book Structures and Dynamics of Interfacial Water written by Fujie Tang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-20 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the study of the interfacial water using molecular dynamics simulation and experimental sum frequency generation spectroscopy. It proposes a new definition of the free O-H groups at water-air interface and presents research on the structure and dynamics of these groups. Furthermore, it discusses the exponential decay nature of the orientation distribution of the free O-H groups of interfacial water and ascribes the origin of the down pointing free O-H groups to the presence of capillary waves on the surface. It also describes how, based on this new definition, a maximum surface H-bond density of around 200 K at ice surface was found, as the maximum results from two competing effects. Lastly, the book discusses the absorption of water molecules at the water–TiO2 interface. Providing insights into the combination of molecular dynamics simulation and experimental sum frequency generation spectroscopy, it is a valuable resource for researchers in the field.

Download or read book Physical Chemistry of Gas Liquid Interfaces written by Jennifer A. Faust and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical Chemistry of Gas-Liquid Interfaces, the first volume in the Developments in Physical & Theoretical Chemistry series, addresses the physical chemistry of gas transport and reactions across liquid surfaces. Gas–liquid interfaces are all around us, especially within atmospheric systems such as sea spry aerosols, cloud droplets, and the surface of the ocean. Because the reaction environment at liquid surfaces is completely unlike bulk gas or bulk liquid, chemists must readjust their conceptual framework when entering this field. This book provides the necessary background in thermodynamics and computational and experimental techniques for scientists to obtain a thorough understanding of the physical chemistry of liquid surfaces in complex, real-world environments. - 2019 PROSE Awards - Winner: Category: Chemistry and Physics: Association of American Publishers - Provides an interdisciplinary view of the chemical dynamics of liquid surfaces, making the content of specific use to physical chemists and atmospheric scientists - Features 100 figures and illustrations to underscore key concepts and aid in retention for young scientists in industry and graduate students in the classroom - Helps scientists who are transitioning to this field by offering the appropriate thermodynamic background and surveying the current state of research

Download or read book Cell Chemistry and Physiology Part I written by Edward Bittar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-01-04 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first of a 4-volume module that is an introduction to the study of cell chemistry and physiology. It is not intended to be encyclopedic in nature but rather a general survey of the subject with an emphasis on those topics that are central to an understanding of cell biology and those that are certain to become of increasing importance in the teaching of modern medicine.We have followed what appeared to as to be the logical divisions of the subject beginning with proteins. Allewell and her colleagues stress the point that proteins fold spontaneously to form complex three-dimensional structures and that some of them unfold with the help of proteins called chaperones. Michaelis-Menten kinetics are shown by Nelsestuen to describe the behaviour of enzymes in the test tube. The formalism is particularly useful in the search for agents of therapeutic value, as exemplified by methotrexate. Uptake by mammalian cells of substrates and their metabolic conversions are discussed by van der Vusse and Reneman. However, both Welch and Savageau expound the view that the cell is not simply a bagful of enzymes. The biologist is urged by Savageau to abandon Michaelis-Menten formalism and apply the Power Law. The biologist is also told that the approach to arriving at a theory of metabolic control would have to be one of successive approximations requiring the use of the computer. Information gained from comparative biochemistry is shown by Storey and Brooks to have shed new light on mechanisms of metabolic rate depression and freeze tolerance, and to be applicable to organ transplantation technology. We are reminded that enzyme adaptation is partly the result of the presence of a hydrating shell of vicinal water that stabilises conformation of the enzyme. Vicinal water, according to Drost-Hausen and Singleton, lies adjacent to most solids and protein interfaces. The kinks or breaks observed in the slope of the Arrhenius plot are attributed to structural changes in vicinal water. Regulation of cell volume is shown by Hempling to involve regulation of cell water. It could be that the osmo-receptor or volume detection system is a protein that links the cytoskeleton to specific K and C1 channels. Additionally, it is interesting that aquaporins, which are water channel-forming membrane proteins, are now known to exist in both renal and extra-renal tissues. One of the renal porins is affected by vasopressin. We then pass on to protein synthesis (Rattan) and other important topics including protein glycosylation (Hounsell), methylation (Clarke), ADP-ribosylation (Pearson) and prenylation (Gelb). Among the four types of lipids attached to membrane proteins are the prenyl groups. Ford and Gross in their chapter on lipobiology drive home the point that there is an accumulation of acyl carnitine and lysophospholipids during myocardial infarction.

Download or read book Surface and Interface Science Volume 7 written by Klaus Wandelt and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering interface science from a novel surface science perspective, this seven-volume handbook offers a comprehensive overview of both these and numerous other topics. The initial chapters treat basic fundamentals on such topics as vacuum technology, while general chapters -- where appropriate -- describe theoretical methods and provide models to help explain the respective phenomena, such as band structure calculations, chemisorption and segregation. Additionally, short references to more specialized methodology accompany the descriptions of the most important techniques. Ideal as a reference for scientists in the field, as well as an introduction to current methods for newcomers.

Download or read book Theory of Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy written by Akihiro Morita and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-02 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes fundamental theory and recent advances of sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy. SFG spectroscopy is widely used as a powerful tool of surface characterization, although theoretical interpretation of the obtained spectra has been a major bottleneck for most users. Recent advances in SFG theory have brought about a breakthrough in the analysis methods beyond conventional empirical ones, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of SFG spectroscopy allows for simultaneous understanding of observed spectra and interface structure in unprecedented detail. This book explains these recently understood theoretical aspects of SFG spectroscopy by the major developer of the theory. The theoretical topics are treated at basic levels for undergraduate students and are described in relation to computational chemistry, such as molecular modeling and MD simulation, toward close collaboration of SFG spectroscopy and computational chemistry in the near future.

Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces written by Hans-Jürgen Butt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-02-07 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces Comprehensive textbook on the interdisciplinary field of interface science, fully updated with new content on wetting, spectroscopy, and coatings Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces provides a comprehensive introduction to the field of surface and interface science, focusing on essential concepts rather than specific details, and on intuitive understanding rather than convoluted math. Numerous high-end applications from surface technology, biotechnology, and microelectronics are included to illustrate and help readers easily comprehend basic concepts. The new edition contains an increased number of problems with detailed, worked solutions, making it ideal as a self-study resource. In topic coverage, the highly qualified authors take a balanced approach, discussing advanced interface phenomena in detail while remaining comprehensible. Chapter summaries with the most important equations, facts, and phenomena are included to aid the reader in information retention. A few of the sample topics included in Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces are as follows: Liquid surfaces, covering microscopic picture of a liquid surface, surface tension, the equation of Young and Laplace, and curved liquid surfaces Thermodynamics of interfaces, covering surface excess, internal energy and Helmholtz energy, equilibrium conditions, and interfacial excess energies Charged interfaces and the electric double layer, covering planar surfaces, the Grahame equation, and limitations of the Poisson-Boltzmann theory Surface forces, covering Van der Waals forces between molecules, macroscopic calculations, the Derjaguin approximation, and disjoining pressure Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces is a complete reference on the subject, aimed at advanced students (and their instructors) in physics, material science, chemistry, and engineering. Researchers requiring background knowledge on surface and interface science will also benefit from the accessible yet in-depth coverage of the text.

Download or read book Chemistry of the Cell Interface Part B written by Harry Brown and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry of the Cell Interface, Part B deals with the relationship of structure to biochemical reactions. This book is divided into three chapters. Chapter VI focuses on the water's contribution to the reaction systems, emphasizing the nature of the cell's aqueous phases. The matrix-supported enzymes, technology of the model, and properties of enzymes bound to polymeric matrices that have been contrasted with solution and membrane particle systems are elaborated in Chapter VII. The last chapter focuses on the aspects of protein chemistry pertinent to the design of interface experimental systems. Other topics include the structure of water near interfaces, functional role of water in biological systems, and adsorbed and ionically bonded enzymes. The enzymes insolubilized by the use of bridging compounds and changes in protein conformation associated with chemical modification are likewise covered in this text. This publication is a good source for morphologists, chemists, and specialists of disciplines related to the chemistry of cell interface.

Download or read book Biomolecular Interfaces written by Ariel Fernández Stigliano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the aqueous interface of biomolecules, a vital yet overlooked area of biophysical research. Most biological phenomena cannot be fully understood at the molecular level without considering interfacial behavior. The author presents conceptual advances in molecular biophysics that herald the advent of a new discipline, epistructural biology, centered on the interactions of water and bio molecular structures across the interface. The author introduces powerful theoretical and computational resources in order to address fundamental topics such as protein folding, the physico-chemical basis of enzyme catalysis and protein associations. On the basis of this information, a multi-disciplinary approach is used to engineer therapeutic drugs and to allow substantive advances in targeted molecular medicine. This book will be of interest to scientists, students and practitioners in the fields of chemistry, biophysics and biomedical engineering.

Download or read book Interfacial Water A Physical Chemistry Perspective Volume II written by Motomu Tanaka and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-07-19 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topic Editor Harada receives financial support from AGC Research Collaboration System with the title “Research on the control of biocompatibility based on the analysis of substrate surface”. The other Topic Editors declare no competing interests

Download or read book Surface Segregation written by J. du Plessis and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 1990-01-01 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the fundamental aspects of surface segregation theory. The material is presented in a self-contained manner and mathematical procedures are worked through in some cases in order to provide the reader with the necessary opportunity to realize the restrictions under which the expressions are valid.

Download or read book Colloid and Interface Chemistry for Water Quality Control written by Qing Chang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloid and Interface Chemistry for Water Quality Control provides basic but essential knowledge of colloid and interface science for water and wastewater treatment. Divided into two sections, chapters 1 to 8 presents colloid chemistry including simple history and basic concepts, diffusion and Brown Motion, sedimentation, osmotic pressure, optical properties, rheology properties, electric properties, emulsion, foam and gel, and so on; chapters 9 to provides interface chemistry theories including the surface of liquid, the surface of solution, and the surface of solid. This valuable book is the only one that presents colloid and interface chemistry from the water quality control perspective. This book was written for graduate students in the area of water treatment and environmental engineering, and it could be used as the reference for researchers and engineers in the same area. - Concise content makes this suitable for both teaching and learning - Focuses on water treatment technology and methods, links colloid and surface chemistry to water treatment applications - Not only addresses all the important physical-chemistry principles and theories, but also presents new developed knowledge on water treatment - Includes exercises, problems and solutions, which are very helpful for testing learning and understanding

Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: