Download or read book Structural unemployment and real wage rigidity in Germany written by Karl-Heinz Paqué and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Unemployment and Labor Market Rigidities written by Denis Drechsler and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2004-12-02 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Many European countries have experienced a significant increase of unemployment in recent years. Especially striking is the fact that unemployment rates in most European countries are significantly higher as compared to the United States. This paper reviews several theoretical models, which have been proposed to explain this phenomenon. Predominantly, these models claim a link between the poor performance of European labor markets and the high level of market regulation. Commonly referred to as the Eurosclerosis debate, prominent approaches consider insider-outsider relationships, search-models, and the influence of hiring and firing costs on equilibrium employment. The paper presents empirical evidence of each model and studies the relevance of the identified rigidities as a determining factor for high unemployment in Europe. Furthermore, a case study analyzes the unemployment problem in Germany and critically discusses recent reform efforts. Einleitung: In vielen europäischen Ländern ist die Arbeitslosigkeit in den vergangenen Jahren stark angestiegen. Besonders auffallend ist hierbei, das die Arbeitslosenrate in den meisten europäischen Staaten über den Werten in den USA liegt. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht eine Reihe theoretischer Modelle, die in der Literatur zur Erklärung dieses Phänomens diskutiert werden. Hauptsächlich sehen diese Modelle eine Verbindung zwischen dem hohen Grad an Marktregulierung und der schlechten Performance europäischer Arbeitsmärkte. Im Rahmen der so genannten Eurosclerosis-Debatte beleuchten mehrere Ansätze eine Insider-Outsider-Problematik, Such-Modelle, sowie den Einfluss von Einstellungs- und Kündigungsschutzregelungen (hiring- and firing-costs) auf die gleichgewichtige Beschäftigungsquote. Die Arbeit diskutiert die empirische Relevanz jedes Modells und analysiert insbesondere ihre Bedeutung als Erklärungsansatz für die hohe Arbeitslosigkeit in Europa. Darüber hinaus untersucht eine Fallstudie das Arbeitslosigkeitsproblem in Deutschland und diskutiert jüngste Reformmaßnahmen des so genannten Hartz-Programms. Insbesondere steht dabei die Frage im Vordergrund, ob einzelne Arbeitsmarktinstrumente wie Ich-AGs, Persönliche Service Agenturen (PSAs) sowie Mini- und Midijobs Abhilfe schaffen zu den in der Literatur identifizierten Beschäftigungshemmnissen. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: 1.Introduction1 2.Labor Market Rigidities and the European Unemployment [...]

Download or read book Monetary Policy and the German Unemployment Problem in Macroeconomic Models written by Jan Gottschalk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-29 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having the high unemployment in Germany in mind, this book discusses how macroeconomic theory has evolved over the past forty years. It shows that in recent years a convergence has taken place, with modern models embodying a Keynesian transmission mechanism, monetarist policy implication, and modeling techniques inspired by new classical economics and real business cycle theory. It also probes in which direction models may be extended from here. Empirically, the book uses different econometric techniques to investigate the relevance and implications of different macroeconomic theories for German data. A key question this book investigates is the role of demand and supply side conditions for the increase in the German unemployment rate. On a policy level, the book relates the implications of the different theories to the ongoing debate on the appropriate roles of demand and supply side policies for curing the German unemployment problem.

Download or read book Explaining Unemployment in Spain written by Mr.Jeffrey R. Franks and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-09-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spain has the most serious and persistent unemployment problem in Europe, with an unemployment rate that reached 24.6 percent in early 1994. This paper explores the characteristics of this unemployment problem, its causes, and provides a brief discussion of recent labor market reform measures and their likely Impact. A demographic shift in recent years has produced a large rise in female labor force participation and a decrease in agricultural jobs to which the economy has been unable to adjust. The effects of generous unemployment benefits and the large underground economy may explain 6–12 percentage points of the resulting unemployment, but the remainder must be explained by failures and rigidities in the labor market. The paper presents econometric evidence that unemployment displays hysteresis, and that wages are not responsive to changes in the unemployment rate. This evidence supports the claim that insider-outsider factors and rigidities in the legal structure of the labor market are responsible for much of the high unemployment rate. Recent reforms have improved the functioning of the labor market, but they are unlikely to be sufficient to reduce unemployment to single digit rates without further action.

Download or read book NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1986 written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ibss Economics 2001 written by Compiled by the British Library of Political and Economic Science and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IBSS is the essential tool for librarians, university departments, research institutions and any public or private institution whose work requires access to up-to-date and comprehensive knowledge of the social sciences.

Download or read book Keynesian and Monetarist Views on the German Unemployment Problem written by Jan Gottschalk and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Germany s Coming Economic Revival written by John M. Starrels and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Future of the German Economy written by Rebecca Harding and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flagships of Imperialism is the first scholarly monograph on the history of the P&O shipping company, and the first history of P&O to pay due attention to the context of nineteenth century imperial politics which so significantly shaped the company's development. Based chiefly on unpublished material from the P&O archives and the National Archives, and on contemporary official publications, the book covers the crucial period from the company's origins to 1867. After presenting new findings about the company's origins in the Irish transport industry, the book charts the extension of the founders' interests from the Iberian peninsula to the Mediterranean, India, China and Australia. In so doing it deals with the development of the necessary financial infrastructure for P&O's operations; the founders' attitudes to technical advances; the shareholding base; the company's involvement in the opium trade, and with its acquisition of mail, Admiralty and other government contracts. It was the P&O's status as a government contractor which, above all else, implicated its fortunes in the wider politics of empire, as illustrated by the book's concluding account of the company's rescue from the edge of a financial precipice by the award of a new government mail contract prompted, among other things, by the Abyssinian expedition of 1867. Flagships of Imperialism will be of interest to transport and company historians and to historians of the British empire alike, as well as to anyone interested in the history of British ships and shipping in the nineteenth century.

Download or read book Optimal Unemployment Insurance written by Andreas Pollak and published by Mohr Siebeck. This book was released on 2007 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing a good unemployment insurance scheme is a delicate matter. In a system with no or little insurance, households may be subject to a high income risk, whereas excessively generous unemployment insurance systems are known to lead to high unemployment rates and are costly both from a fiscal perspective and for society as a whole. Andreas Pollak investigates what an optimal unemployment insurance system would look like, i.e. a system that constitutes the best possible compromise between income security and incentives to work. Using theoretical economic models and complex numerical simulations, he studies the effects of benefit levels and payment durations on unemployment and welfare. As the models allow for considerable heterogeneity of households, including a history-dependent labor productivity, it is possible to analyze how certain policies affect individuals in a specific age, wealth or skill group. The most important aspect of an unemployment insurance system turns out to be the benefits paid to the long-term unemployed. If this parameter is chosen too high, a large number of households may get caught in a long spell of unemployment with little chance of finding work again. Based on the predictions in these models, the so-called "Hartz IV" labor market reform recently adopted in Germany should have highly favorable effects on the unemployment rates and welfare in the long run.

Download or read book Fighting Europe s Unemployment in the 1990s written by Herbert Giersch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the five books listed above on an earlier page, the Egon Sohmen-Foundation herewith submits its sixth volume. Once again, it is a collection of academic papers that were discussed at a symposium sponsored by the Foundation and subsequently revised. Readers not familiar with the Foundation may be interested to know that it was established in 1987 by Helmut Sohmen of Hong Kong in memory of his late brother, Egon Sohmen (1930-1977). Egon Soh men was an international economist highly respected in North America and in Europe, notably for his work on flexible exchange rates and on the economics of allocation and competition. Born in Linz (Austria) and educated as an economist in Vienna, Tiibingen, and Cambridge, Mass., Egon Sohmen held teaching posts in several places (M.I.T., Yale, Frankfurt, Saarbriicken, Minnesota, and Heidelberg). As an active participant in numerous international con ferences and workshops, he truly belonged to the international research community of his time and age cohort. His lasting reputation greatly helped me to convene the active participants of this symposium.

Download or read book International Dimensions of Monetary Policy written by Jordi Galí and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-03-15 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: United States monetary policy has traditionally been modeled under the assumption that the domestic economy is immune to international factors and exogenous shocks. Such an assumption is increasingly unrealistic in the age of integrated capital markets, tightened links between national economies, and reduced trading costs. International Dimensions of Monetary Policy brings together fresh research to address the repercussions of the continuing evolution toward globalization for the conduct of monetary policy. In this comprehensive book, the authors examine the real and potential effects of increased openness and exposure to international economic dynamics from a variety of perspectives. Their findings reveal that central banks continue to influence decisively domestic economic outcomes—even inflation—suggesting that international factors may have a limited role in national performance. International Dimensions of Monetary Policy will lead the way in analyzing monetary policy measures in complex economies.

Download or read book Wage Rigidity in Germany written by Heiko Stüber and published by wbv Media GmbH & Company KG. This book was released on 2013-04-22 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Die Interaktion zwischen Inflation und Arbeitslosigkeit beschäftigt Forscher und Politiker bereits eine längere Zeit. Doch existiert tatsächlich ein Zielkonflikt zwischen Inflation und Arbeitslosigkeit? Heiko Stüber geht dieser und anderen Fragen, die sich mit Lohnstarreit beschäftigen, nach. Der erste und gewichtigste Teil des Buches beschäftigt sich mit Abwärtsnominallohnstarrheit. Er bietet einen Überblick über Ursachen, Ausmaß und Implikationen dieser Starrheit, betrachtet ihre makroökonomischen Konsequenzen und untersucht inwiefern die Starrheit Arbeitnehmer unterschiedlich betrifft. Der zweite Teil des Buches beschäftigt sich mit der Reallohnrigidität neu eingestellter Arbeitnehmer über den Konjunkturzyklus. Der Buchteil bietet einen kurzen Überblick bisheriger empirischer Untersuchungen und neuester Entwicklungen und stellt empirische Evidenz zur Zyklizität von Einstiegslöhnen in Deutschland bereit.

Download or read book Unemployment and the Crisis of the German Model written by Karl-Heinz Paqué and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monetary Policy and Macroeconomic Stabilization written by Ole Roste and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a fundamental review and critique of activist economic policies, this book is a unique contribution to classical political economy. "Monetary Policy and Macroeconomic Stabilization" is about macroeconomic stabilization policy, with emphasis on the value of a distinct national monetary policy to growth. Ole Bjorn Roste's argument is for public officials to restrain themselves in the pursuit of policy. As the author notes: when you know less, you should do less.The history of modern macroeconomics started in 1936 with the publication of Keynes' "General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money". The problems of the Great depression of the 1930s paved the way for a change of focus, from the long run to economic fluctuations in the short run, and from nominal to real variables, such as unemployment and aggregate output.Keynes offered clear policy implications in tune with the times. Because economic adjustment was slow, waiting for the economy to recover by itself was irresponsible. Particularly fiscal policy was essential to return to high employment. Monetary policy could affect aggregate demand through Interest rates, but was less important. Roste discusses the role of monetary policy, starting out with the implications of the theory of optimum currency areas (OCAs). This is followed by estimates of the output loss associated with disinflation policy (the sacrifice ratio) for six OECD economies. Further, Roste models the dynamic adjustment to negative, local labor-market shocks, with particular relevance to Scandinavia, in a final section.The idea that governments should pursue stabilizing fiscal or monetary policies with regard to real variables is often taken for granted by the public, if not by economists. Among the reasons for skepticism, is the presence of differing views on how economies really work, that the state of a given economy becomes known only after a time lag, and that economic agents react to policy and expectations of policy. For these reasons, the effects of policy are generally uncertain. This book explains why the role of history is critical to the study of macroeconomics.p>

Download or read book Wages and Employment Across Skill Groups written by Bernd Fitzenberger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For some time, it has been debated whether a lack of wage flexibility is at the roots of the high and persistent unemployment in West Germany. In the presence of a skill bias in labor demand, which increases the relative de mand for more highly skilled labor over time, there only seems to exist the choice between higher wage inequality or higher unemployment rates. This study scrutinizes whether and in what way this line of thought is consis tent with empirical findings for West Germany. The analysis ranges from extensive descriptive evidence on wage trends to the estimation of a struc tural model of wage bargaining. As the most important database, I use the IAB-Beschiiftigtenstichprobe from 1975 to 1990. This study was accepted as a Habilitation thesis by the Department of Economics and Statistics of the University of Konstanz in October 1998. The only major change relates to appendix B on the block bootstrap procedure now summarizing the main aspects of the method. I am very grateful to my advisor Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Franz for his support, encouragement, and inspiration. From 1993 to 1997, he ran the Center for International Labor Economics at the University of Konstanz in such a way that it provided a fruitful environment for empirical research in labor economics. I am also indebted to Prof. Dr. Winfried Pohlmeier and to Prof. Dr. Gerd Ronning for undertaking the task to evaluate my Habilitation thesis.

Download or read book Hysteresis and Business Cycles written by Ms.Valerie Cerra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, economic growth and business cycles have been treated independently. However, the dependence of GDP levels on its history of shocks, what economists refer to as “hysteresis,” argues for unifying the analysis of growth and cycles. In this paper, we review the recent empirical and theoretical literature that motivate this paradigm shift. The renewed interest in hysteresis has been sparked by the persistence of the Global Financial Crisis and fears of a slow recovery from the Covid-19 crisis. The findings of the recent literature have far-reaching conceptual and policy implications. In recessions, monetary and fiscal policies need to be more active to avoid the permanent scars of a downturn. And in good times, running a high-pressure economy could have permanent positive effects.