Download or read book Structural Glasses and Supercooled Liquids written by Peter G. Wolynes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-10 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from 24 global experts in diverse fields, and edited by world-recognized leaders in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysics, Structural Glasses and Supercooled Liquids: Theory, Experiment, and Applications presents a modern, complete survey of glassy phenomena in many systems based on firmly established characteristics of the underlying molecular motions as deduced by first principle theoretical calculations, or with direct/single-molecule experimental techniques. A well-rounded view of a variety of disordered systems where cooperative phenomena, which are epitomized by supercooled liquids, take place is provided. These systems include structural glasses and supercooled liquids, polymers, complex liquids, protein conformational dynamics, and strongly interacting electron systems with quenched/self-generated disorder. Detailed calculations and reasoned arguments closely corresponding with experimental data are included, making the book accessible to an educated non-expert reader.
Download or read book Structural Glasses and Supercooled Liquids written by Peter G. Wolynes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from 24 global experts in diverse fields, and edited by world-recognized leaders in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysics, Structural Glasses and Supercooled Liquids: Theory, Experiment, and Applications presents a modern, complete survey of glassy phenomena in many systems based on firmly established characteristics of the underlying molecular motions as deduced by first principle theoretical calculations, or with direct/single-molecule experimental techniques. A well-rounded view of a variety of disordered systems where cooperative phenomena, which are epitomized by supercooled liquids, take place is provided. These systems include structural glasses and supercooled liquids, polymers, complex liquids, protein conformational dynamics, and strongly interacting electron systems with quenched/self-generated disorder. Detailed calculations and reasoned arguments closely corresponding with experimental data are included, making the book accessible to an educated non-expert reader.
Download or read book A Molecular Dynamics Study of the Structure dynamics Relationships of Supercooled Liquids and Glasses written by Ryan Soklaski and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central to the field of condensed matter physics is a decades old outstanding problem in the study of glasses -- namely explaining the extreme slowing of dynamics in a liquid as it is supercooled towards the so-called glass transition. Efforts to universally describe the stretched relaxation processes and heterogeneous dynamics that characteristically develop in supercooled liquids remain divided in both their approaches and successes. Towards this end, a consensus on the role that atomic and molecular structures play in the liquid is even more tenuous. However, mounting material science research efforts have culminated to reveal that the vast diversity of metallic glass species and their properties are rooted in an equally-broad set of structural archetypes. Herein lies the motivation of this dissertation: the detailed information available regarding the structure-property relationships of metallic glasses provides a new context in which one can study the evolution of a supercooled liquid by utilizing a structural motif that is known to dominate the glass. Cu_64 Zr_36 is a binary alloy whose good glass-forming ability and simple composition makes it a canonical material to both empirical and numerical studies. Here, we perform classical molecular dynamics simulations and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the dynamical regimes of liquid Cu_64 Zr_36, while focusing on the roles played by atomic icosahedral ordering -- a structural motif which ultimately percolates the glass' structure. Large data analysis techniques are leveraged to obtain uniquely detailed structural and dynamical information in this context. In doing so, we develop the first account of the origin of icosahedral order in this alloy, revealing deep connections between this incipient structural ordering, frustration-limited domain theory, and recent important empirical findings that are relevant to the nature of metallic liquids at large. Furthermore, important dynamical landmarks such as the breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relationship, the decoupling of particle diffusivities, and the development of general "glassy" relaxation features are found to coincide with successive manifestation of icosahedral ordering that arise as the liquid is supercooled. Remarkably, we detect critical-like features in the growth of the icosahedron network, with signatures that suggest that a liquid-liquid phase transition may occur in the deeply supercooled regime to precede glass formation. Such a transition is predicted to occur in many supercooled liquids, although explicit evidence of this phenomenon in realistic systems is scarce. Ultimately this work concludes that icosahedral order characterizes all dynamical regimes of Cu_64 Zr_36, demonstrating the importance and utility of studying supercooled liquids in the context of locally-preferred structure. More broadly, it serves to confirm and inform recent theoretical and empirical findings that are central to understanding the physics underlying the glass transition.
Download or read book Structural and Dynamic Heterogeneities of Supercooled Liquids and Metallic Glasses written by 胡遠超 and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Reviews of Computational Physics written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Inorganic Glasses written by Arun K. Varshneya and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Inorganic Glasses, Third Edition, is a comprehensive reference on the field of glass science and engineering that covers numerous, significant advances. This new edition includes the most recent advances in glass physics and chemistry, also discussing groundbreaking applications of glassy materials. It is suitable for upper level glass science courses and professional glass scientists and engineers at industrial and government labs. Fundamental concepts, chapter-ending problem sets, an emphasis on key ideas, and timely notes on suggested readings are all included. The book provides the breadth required of a comprehensive reference, offering coverage of the composition, structure and properties of inorganic glasses. Clearly develops fundamental concepts and the basics of glass science and glass chemistry Provides a comprehensive discussion of the composition, structure and properties of inorganic glasses Features a discussion of the emerging applications of glass, including applications in energy, environment, pharmaceuticals, and more Concludes chapters with problem sets and suggested readings to facilitate self-study
Download or read book Structural Study of Supercooled Liquids and Metallic Glasses by High energy X ray Diffraction and Reverse Monte Carlo Simulation written by Tae Ho Kim and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The local structures of Ti-Zr-Ni liquids that form quasicrystal phases and TiFeSiO liquids that form crystal approximant phases were studied as a function of supercooling. This study found similarities between the supercooled liquid and quasicrystal structures in Ti-Zr-Ni and the liquid and approximant structures in TiFeSiO.
Download or read book Supercooled Liquids Glass Transition and Bulk Metallic Glasses Volume 754 written by Takeshi Egami and published by . This book was released on 2003-07-16 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a renaissance in glass science brought about by the development of concepts such as fragility index and the energy landscape with megabasins. Research on bulk metallic glasses has been explosive since their advent when MRS offered its first book on the topic. In 2000, a second book broadened the scope to include supercooled liquid, bulk glassy and nanocrystalline states. This book enhances the scope to include glass transition in diverse materials such as water, silicate and polymeric melts. Bringing these threads together in an interdisciplinary manner was fruitful and offers proof that while there is much common ground, gaps between various approaches to the glassy state remain to be bridged. Subjects include: the supercooled liquid; glass formability; structural relaxation and dynamics; structure determination and modeling; processing and applications of bulk metallic glasses; mechanical properties; mechanical properties - composites; crystallization; electronic and magnetic structure and properties; and nanoparticles and nonmetallic glasses.
Download or read book Glass Transition on Cooling and Aging for Structural Glasses written by Hiroshi Kobayashi and published by Eliva Press. This book was released on 2023-01-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glass is out of equilibrium and reduces into an equilibrium solid. This whole process is a thermodynamical phase transition, while the so-called glass transition is an observable transition with no changes in structure. We describe that the glass transition is a purely kinetic phenomenon due to strong fluctuations in molecular configurations in supercooled liquid. Intermediate-range orders (IROs) have important roles on the glass transition process which is explained by the embryo and freezing of IROs. We conclude that the glass transition is an emergence of a new system of glass in a nonequilibrium state and a glass is a nanomaterial which is composed of a periodic nano-structure of IROs. The mean field theory introduced the random first order transition (RFOT) as the ideal glass transition which prevents the Kauzmann paradox. Recently, an ideal glass was realized using silicate glass during long aging below the Kauzmann temperature. An ideal glass is a nanomaterial which is composed of a periodic nano-structure of intermediate-range orders in an amorphous phase. The results identified the (spontaneous) dissipative structure as an equilibrium state of an ideal glass. An ideal glass is a temporal steady state toward the ground state of materials, which is a polycrystal.
Download or read book Jamming and Glass Transitions written by Ada Altieri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work described in this book originates from a major effort to develop a fundamental theory of the glass and the jamming transitions. The first chapters guide the reader through the phenomenology of supercooled liquids and structural glasses and provide the tools to analyze the most frequently used models able to predict the complex behavior of such systems. A fundamental outcome is a detailed theoretical derivation of an effective thermodynamic potential, along with the study of anomalous vibrational properties of sphere systems. The interested reader can find in these pages a clear and deep analysis of mean-field models as well as the description of advanced beyond-mean-field perturbative expansions. To investigate important second-order phase transitions in lattice models, the last part of the book proposes an innovative theoretical approach, based on a multi-layer construction. The different methods developed in this thesis shed new light on important connections among constraint satisfaction problems, jamming and critical phenomena in complex systems, and lay part of the groundwork for a complete theory of amorphous solids.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Glass Science Technology History and Culture Two Volume Set written by Pascal Richet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-02-05 with total page 1568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia begins with an introduction summarizing itsscope and content. Glassmaking; Structure of Glass, GlassPhysics,Transport Properties, Chemistry of Glass, Glass and Light,Inorganic Glass Families, Organic Glasses, Glass and theEnvironment, Historical and Economical Aspect of Glassmaking,History of Glass, Glass and Art, and outlinepossible newdevelopments and uses as presented by the best known people in thefield (C.A. Angell, for example). Sections and chapters arearranged in a logical order to ensure overall consistency and avoiduseless repetitions. All sections are introduced by a briefintroduction and attractive illustration. Newly investigatedtopics will be addresses, with the goal of ensuring that thisEncyclopedia remains a reference work for years to come.
Download or read book Cooperative Motions in Supercooled Liquids and Glasses written by Jacob D. Stevenson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why glasses behave like solids in the absence of their having any long range structural order, is a fundamental problem of statistical physics, one that has been actively researched for more than 80 years. Supported by the mean field theory of supercooled liquids and a deep connection to mean field spin glasses with one step replica symmetry breaking, the random first order transition theory offers a solution to the glass problem based on assuming proximity to an underlying ideal glass transition. In the deeply supercooled liquid the free energy landscape is dominated by metastable structural basins separated by large free energy barriers. The rate of inter-conversion between these structural states is ultimately driven by the entropic cost of remaining confined to one basin, a cost which is quantified by the configurational entropy. Both the activation free energy barrier and the number of cooperatively moving particles required to overcome the barrier diverge as the ideal glass transition is approached. The cooperative nature of the dynamics in the deeply supercooled liquid regime has been confirmed by experiments and simulations and has been the subject of intense study in recent years. In the following we explore the implications of cooperative dynamics in the random first order transition theory with particular focus on the expected behavior at the ideal glass transition temperature and at the dynamical crossover, the temperature where activated motions first become important. We also show how the general features of secondary relaxation can be recovered by adding local fluctuations to the equations describing cooperative reconfiguration. Finally, we describe how cooperatively rearranging regions modify dynamics near the surface of glasses, reducing the apparent viscosity by several orders of magnitude.
Download or read book Structural Origins of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses in the Supercooled Liquid Region written by 魏小雅 and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamical Heterogeneities in Glasses Colloids and Granular Media written by Ludovic Berthier and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-07-14 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the solid materials we use in everyday life, from plastics to cosmetic gels exist under a non-crystalline, amorphous form: they are glasses. Yet, we are still seeking a fundamental explanation as to what glasses really are and to why they form. In this book, we survey the most recent theoretical and experimental research dealing with glassy physics, from molecular to colloidal glasses and granular media. Leading experts in this field present broad and original perspectives on one of the deepest mysteries of condensed matter physics, with an emphasis on the key role played by heterogeneities in the dynamics of glassiness.
Download or read book Jamming and Rheology written by Andrea J. Liu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-02-22 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of jamming and rheology is a broad and interdisciplinary one that is generating increasing interest. This book deals with one of the oldest unsolved problems in condensed matter physics - that of the nature of glass transition in supercooled liquids. Jamming and Rheology is a collection of reprinted articles from several fields, ranging from structural glasses to foams and granular materials. Glassy relaxation and constrained dynamics (jamming) occur at all scales, from microscopic to macroscopic - in the glass transition of supercooled liquids, in fluids confined to thin films, in the structural arrest of particles such as granular materials, and in foams which must be driven by an applied stress in order to flow. Because jamming occurs at the transition between where a flow occurs and where motion stops, it is hoped that there may be a universal feature that describes this transition in all systems. This volume shows that the systems described above share many common phenomenological features, and covers work done by a wide range of scientists and technologists working in areas from physics to chemistry to chemical and mechanical engineering.
Download or read book Glassy Materials and Disordered Solids written by Kurt Binder and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a pedagogical introduction to the physics of amorphous solids and related disordered condensed matter systems. Important concepts from statistical mechanics such as percolation, random walks, fractals and spin glasses are explained. Using these concepts, the common aspects of these systems are emphasized, and the current understanding of the glass transition and the structure of glasses are concisely reviewed. This second edition includes new material on emerging topics in the field of disordered systems such as gels, driven systems, dynamical heterogeneities, growing length scales etc. as well as an update of the literature in this rapidly developing field.
Download or read book Polymer Glasses written by Connie B. Roth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "the present book will be of great value for both newcomers to the field and mature active researchers by serving as a coherent and timely introduction to some of the modern approaches, ideas, results, emerging understanding, and many open questions in this fascinating field of polymer glasses, supercooled liquids, and thin films" –Kenneth S. Schweizer, Morris Professor of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (from the Foreword) This book provides a timely and comprehensive overview of molecular level insights into polymer glasses in confined geometries and under deformation. Polymer glasses have become ubiquitous to our daily life, from the polycarbonate eyeglass lenses on the end of our nose to large acrylic glass panes holding water in aquarium tanks, with advantages over glass in that they are lightweight and easy to manufacture, while remaining transparent and rigid. The contents include an introduction to the field, as well as state of the art investigations. Chapters delve into studies of commonalities across different types of glass formers (polymers, small molecules, colloids, and granular materials), which have enabled microscopic and molecular level frameworks to be developed. The authors show how glass formers are modeled across different systems, thereby leading to treatments for polymer glasses with first-principle based approaches and molecular level detail. Readers across disciplines will benefit from this topical overview summarizing the key areas of polymer glasses, alongside an introduction to the main principles and approaches.
