Download or read book Stromal Signaling in Cancer written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-04-20 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stromal Signaling in Cancer, Volume 154 in the Advances in Cancer Research series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of timely topics surrounding cancer research. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in the Advances in Cancer Research series - Updated release includes the latest information on Stromal Signaling in Cancer

Download or read book Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Tumor Stromal Modulators written by Marcela Bolontrade and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-10-24 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mesenchymal stromal/ stem cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous cell population with immunomodulating, tissue repairing, differentiating, migratory and angiogenic abilities, making them important tools for clinical and translational research. An understanding of the role of MSCs in modulating tumor growth provides a glimpse into their role in non-pathological tissue remodeling and potential regenerative tissue therapies. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Tumor Stromal Modulators is a comprehensive source for the understanding of the role of MSCs as ubiquitous connective tissue cell components, which may have both direct and indirect effects on the tumor microenvironment and potential for regenerative therapeutics for various diseases. Using cancer as a model disease, this book explores the transformative role MSCs play in the recruitment of disease cells, cell repair and immunological defenses. - Explores the biology of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and tissue related function - Discusses the bidirectional communication between tumor stroma and MSCs derived from bonemarrow, from adipose tissue and from other tissue types - Provides in-depth analysis of the effects of MSCs on key processes that regulate disease progression,such as angiogenesis, metastatic potential, invasion, proliferation, tumor immune privileges

Download or read book The Tumor Stroma written by Jai Prakash and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The identification of the role of tumor stroma—the tissue in the surroundings of cancer cells—in cancer development, progression, and metastasis has revolutionized the fields of cancer biology as well as cancer therapeutics. This book provides a comprehensive overview of this rapidly-evolving field including tumor stroma biology, therapeutic targets, molecular imaging, and advanced tumor stroma in vitro models. The book will serve as a handbook for graduate students, postgraduate researchers, pharmaceutical scientists, and biomedical engineers.

Download or read book Reprogramming Stromal Cells in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer written by Ioannis S. Pateras and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-05 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism written by Anne Le and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.

Download or read book The Tumor Stroma written by Jai Prakash and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The identification of the role of tumor stroma—the tissue in the surroundings of cancer cells—in cancer development, progression, and metastasis has revolutionized the fields of cancer biology as well as cancer therapeutics. This book provides a comprehensive overview of this rapidly-evolving field including tumor stroma biology, therapeutic targets, molecular imaging, and advanced tumor stroma in vitro models. The book will serve as a handbook for graduate students, postgraduate researchers, pharmaceutical scientists, and biomedical engineers.

Download or read book Tumor Organoids written by Shay Soker and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies.

Download or read book Emerging Roles and Mechanisms of Stromal Cells in Carcinomas at the Molecular Level written by Jaewoo Hong and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-18 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tumor Associated Fibroblasts and their Matrix written by Margareta M. Mueller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 20 years it has become increasingly clear that the tumor micro-environment, the tumor stroma with its cellular end extracellular components, plays an crucial role in regulating tumor growth and progression. This book on “Tumor-associated fibroblasts and their matrix” as part of the series on “Tumor-Microenvironment” is the first comprehensive discussion of these two main players of the tumor microenvironment. The best experts in this new area of tumor research and therapy review the role of these major components in the tumor stroma in the process of tumor development and progression. They discuss their interaction with other players such as blood vessels and immune cells, and show novel perspectives for tumor therapy. This compilation of excellent contributions of the best known experts in this important field in cancer research and therapy is a must for all scientists engaged in basic and clinical research. Increasing evidence of successful targeting of both cellular and matrix components in tumor therapy renders this book of particular interest for scientists engaged in pharmaceutical industry searching for new components for cancer therapy.

Download or read book Signal Transduction in Cancer written by David A. Frank and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-12-31 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most exciting areas of cancer research now is the development of agents which can target signal transduction pathways that are activated inappropriately in malignant cells. The understanding of the molecular abnormalities which distinguish malignant cells from their normal counterparts has grown tremendously. This volume summarizes the current research on the role that signal transduction pathways play in the pathogenesis of cancer and how this knowledge may be used to develop the next generation of more effective and less toxic anticancer agents. Series Editor comments: "The biologic behavior of both normal and cancer cells is determined by critical signal transduction pathways. This text provides a comprehensive review of the field. Leading investigators discuss key molecules that may prove to be important diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets."

Download or read book Crosstalk Between Stromal Components and Endocrine Resistant Breast Cancer Via Secreted Factors Enhances Tumor Growth and Metastasis written by Sneha Tirumani Pandithar and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast cancer is currently targeted using various endocrine therapies that include use of Selective Estrogen Receptor modulators (SERM), Selective Estrogen Receptor Down Regulator (SERD) and Aromatase inhibitors (AI). Tamoxifen (TAM) is a primary choice in treating early-stage estrogen receptor positive breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Despite the proven therapeutic efficacy and safety profile of TAM as a SERM, resistance to the drug and reoccurrence of tumor appears to be a complication that many patients deal with. Molecular pathways underlying the development of resistance are being widely studied. The tumor microenvironment is perceived to play a vital role in multiple stages of disease progression, development of resistance and immune-escaping ability. However, the role of the tumor microenvironment in endocrine resistant breast cancer needs to be investigated. Our previous work shows that the critical molecular and cellular components secreted from a crosstalk between breast cancer cells and stromal cells can regulate tumor growth and the process of metastasis in breast cancer. We have established four different tamoxifen resistant breast cancer (TAMR) cells to simulate pre- and post-menopausal conditions. We screened the secreted factors from normal fibroblast co-cultured with TAMR cells using cytokine antibody arrays targeting 105 cytokines simultaneously and ranked the expression of each of the cytokines using real time qPCR. CXCL1 and IL-6 were our top candidates, which we further confirmed using U-Plex (MSD) assay. Our data showed increased proliferation of TAMR cells co-cultured with fibroblasts when compared to monoculture. To study the role of the cytokines in metastasis we examined cell migration of TAMR cells. TAMR cell migration, a key step in tumor metastasis, was promoted by conditioned medium (CM) from TCM-induced fibroblasts. Furthermore, inhibition of the CXCL1 and IL-6 signaling pathway by Reparixin, an inhibitor of the CXCL1 receptor CXCR1/2, and Tocilizumab, an inhibitor of the IL-6 receptor yielded diminished growth and migration of the TAMR cells.We have also been able to show that reparixin affects the phosphorylation of the ERK in fibroblasts and treatment with reparixin has been affecting the viability of TAMR cells. These findings have identified the key regulators in endocrine resistant breast cancer and support our hypothesis that CXCL1 signaling pathways support the tumor cells to bypass endocrine therapy. In this project we have been able to identify the key signaling pathways that may be activated by these cytokines and determine a therapeutic strategy that could alter such activation and induce cell death.

Download or read book Epithelial Mesenchymal Interactions in Cancer written by Itzhak D. Goldberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-11-29 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: gar discusses recent studies of the SF gene promoter that may be relevant to understanding the detailed molecular mechanism(s) by which soluble factors regulate SF production. Polverini and Nickoloff discuss another mechanism by which SF may enhance tumor growth, ie., stimulation of angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing microvessels. Angiogenesis is required for continued growth of most solid tumors, and provides a mechanism by which the stroma may continue to grow along with the tumor cells. Although endothelial cells are stromal cells, they express a number of epithelial characteristics including (i) epithelial-like tight junctions and junctional proteins; (ii) the ability to organize into flat­ tened tubular structures; (iii) the c-met receptor protein; and (iv) biologic responsiveness to SF. It is, perhaps, not surprising that vascular endothe­ lial cells may both produce and respond to SF in different situations. 'Epithelialness' may be defined in two ways: (i) expression of generic epithelial structures and proteins (eg., specialized junctions, junctional proteins [eg., cadherins, ZOl], cytokeratins); and (ii) production of specific differentiated products (eg., milk proteins by mammary epithelia, renin by renal tubular epithelia of the juxtaglomerular apparatus). Recent studies suggest that SF Ic-met signalling may mediate epithelia­ mesenchyme interconversion, in part by modifying some of the generic epithelial characteristics. Nusrat discusses the effects of SF on the epithelial junctional apparatus. Relatively little is known about whether and how SF regulates cell-specific differentiation.

Download or read book Understanding the Role of Stromal PTEN Regulated MiR 101 and MiR 130b in Tumor Microenvironment written by Rumeysa Biyik and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Stromal cells from the tumor microenvironment significantly contribute tumor progression. However, the signaling between tumor cells and stromal cells is not well-understood. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major component of tumor stroma, promote tumorigenesis by secreting growth factors, chemokines and pro-angiogenic factors. Previous study in our lab has shown that genetic inactivation of the tumor suppressor PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin homologue) in stromal fibroblasts accelerates initiation and progression of mammary tumors. Transcriptome and proteome profiling have shown that deletion of PTEN in mammary fibroblasts triggers the oncogenic secretome which contributes to the transcriptional reprogramming of all cell types in the microenvironment. The role of miRNAs in cancer cells has been extensively studied but the role of miRNA in tumor-associated fibroblast cells remains to be elucidated. miRNA expression profiling shows that mir-101 and mir-130b are down-regulated in PTEN deleted mammary fibroblasts. In this study, we examined the role of mir-101 and mir-130b in PTEN deleted fibroblasts. We hypothesized that mir-101 and mir-130b would affect the fibroblasts secretome, thus influencing the other cells in tumor microenvironment. As a first step towards this goal, the conditioned media was collected from miR-101 and miR-130b re-expressing PTEN-deleted stromal fibroblasts in order to examine the affect on the other cells in tumor microenvironment, such as tumor cells and endothelial cells. Then, in silico analysis was performed to find putative targets of miR-101 and miR-130b. PDGFRA (platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha) was found as a direct target of mir-130b. Paracrine PDGF signaling contributes tumor progression through recruitment of stromal cells such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells and immune cells to the tumor mass so we examined how PTEN deletion in mammary fibroblast influenced PDGF expression in other cells in tumor microenvironment.

Download or read book Recent Advances On Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Applications For Cancer Therapy written by Abdelkrim Hmadcha and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-29 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stromal epithelial Hedgehog Signaling in Prostate Cancer written by Aubie Shaw and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tumor Microenvironment and Cellular Stress written by Constantinos Koumenis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-23 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collection of chapters in this proceeding volume reflects the latest research presented at the Aegean meeting on Tumor Microenvironment and Cellular Stress held in Crete in Fall of 2012. The book provides critical insight to how the tumor microenvironment affects tumor metabolism, cell stemness, cell viability, genomic instability and more. Additional topics include identifying common pathways that are potential candidates for therapeutic intervention, which will stimulate collaboration between groups that are more focused on elucidation of biochemical aspects of stress biology and groups that study the pathophysiological aspects of stress pathways or engaged in drug discovery.

Download or read book Tumor Invasion and Metastasis written by L.A. Liotta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clinical significance of tumor spread has always been appreciated. Yet, in spite of the pioneering work and outstanding contributions of investigators such as D. Coman, H. Green, B. Fisher, S. Wood and I. Zeidman, studies on metastasis rarely achieved the popularity afforded to more esoteric areas of tumor biology. Tumor dissemination, occurring as it does in a responding host and being composed of a series of dynamic int~ractions, is a highly complex phenomenon. Few investigators were brave enough to attempt to unravel the mechanisms involved. Paradoxically, this very complexity may have contributed, in part, to the recent upsurge of interest in metastasis research. More and more researchers are becoming fascinated by the complexities of the cellular interactions involved in tumor spread. Accompanying this intellectual stimulation have been technological advances in related fields which allow the derivation of new model systems. The mechanisms of metastatic spread are increasingly amenable to both the reductionist and holistic approaches and it is the purpose of this volume to present many of these model systems while emphasizing the intricacy and complexity of the processes they mimic. We have attempted to emphasize two topics not previously covered in depth in previous books on metastases. These are in vitro models of invasion and in teractions of tumor cells with connective tissue.