Download or read book Stress Neuropeptides and systemic disease written by James McCubbin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stress, Neuropeptides, and Systemic Disease traces the development of the neuropeptide hypothesis from its anatomical substrate to its functional correlates in animal and pre-clinical human models of stress-induced disease. The book contains articles that discuss the different aspects and findings on the study of neuropeptides such as the histochemical localization of peptide-containing cells and peptidergic receptors; the current concepts in hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation; neuropeptides involved in stress and their distribution in the mammalian central nervous system; and neuropeptide-mediated regulation of the neuroendocrine and autonomic responses to stress. The methods of measuring neuropeptides and their metabolism; stress responses and the pathogenesis of arthritis; brain peptides and gastrointestinal transit; and diminished opioid inhibition of blood pressure and pituitary function in hypertension development are presented as well. Physicians, neurobiologists, pharmacologists, and biological scientists will find the book very interesting.
Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.
Download or read book Stress Challenges and Immunity in Space written by Alexander Choukèr and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how stress – either psychological or physical – can activate and/or paralyse human innate or adaptive immunity. Adequate immunity is crucial for maintaining health, both on Earth and in space. During space flight, human physiology is specifically challenged by complex environmental stressors, which are most pronounced during lunar or interplanetary missions. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the book identifies the impact of these stressors – the space exposome – on immunity as a result of (dys-)functions of specific cells, organs and organ networks. These conditions (e.g. gravitation changes, radiation, isolation/confinement) affect immunity, but at the same time provide insights that may help to prevent, diagnose and address immune-related health alterations. Written by experts from academia, space agencies and industry, the book is a valuable resource for professionals, researchers and students in the field of medicine, biology and technology. The chapters “The Impact of Everyday Stressors on the Immune System and Health”, “Stress and Radiation Responsiveness” and “Assessment of Radiosensitivity and Biomonitoring of Exposure to Space adiation” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Download or read book Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by J. Douglas Bremner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-18 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: From Neurobiology to Treatment presents a comprehensive look at this key neuropsychiatric disorder. The text examines the neurobiological basis of post-traumatic stress and how our understanding of the basic elements of the disease have informed and been translated into new and existing treatment options. The book begins with a section on animal models in posttraumatic stress disorder research, which has served as the basis of much of our neurobiological information. Chapters then delve into applications of the clinical neuroscience of posttraumatic stress disorder. The final part of the books explores treatments and how our basic and clinical research is now being converted into treatment. Taking a unique basic science to translational intervention approach, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: From Neurobiology to Treatment is an invaluable resource for researchers, students and clinicians dealing with this complex disorder.
Download or read book Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases written by Josefine Hirschfeld and published by Quintessenz Verlag. This book was released on 2021-04-19 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The association between periodontitis and systemic diseases has become a hot topic in recent years. This comprehensive book reviews the clinical evidence and biological plausibility of the many systemic diseases that have been linked to periodontitis. Edited by Dr Josefine Hirschfeld and Prof Iain L.C. Chapple, experts in each field discuss the mechanisms at work, citing the available key literature and clearly summarising current knowledge and understanding of the associations between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory diseases, pregnancy and fertility, malignancy, neurodegenerative diseases, stress and depression, and autoimmunity. Each chapter critically appraises the existing evidence, providing comprehensive, contemporary and well-considered insights into the clinical evidence and biological plausibility of each condition, as well as the limitations of existing studies and how these can be overcome in the future. Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases: Clinical Evidence and Biological Plausibility is an indispensable reference for both clinicians and researchers.
Download or read book Affective Neuroscience written by Jaak Panksepp and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-09-30 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some investigators have argued that emotions, especially animal emotions, are illusory concepts outside the realm of scientific inquiry. However, with advances in neurobiology and neuroscience, researchers are demonstrating that this position is wrong as they move closer to a lasting understanding of the biology and psychology of emotion. In Affective Neuroscience, Jaak Panksepp provides the most up-to-date information about the brain-operating systems that organize the fundamental emotional tendencies of all mammals. Presenting complex material in a readable manner, the book offers a comprehensive summary of the fundamental neural sources of human and animal feelings, as well as a conceptual framework for studying emotional systems of the brain. Panksepp approaches emotions from the perspective of basic emotion theory but does not fail to address the complex issues raised by constructionist approaches. These issues include relations to human consciousness and the psychiatric implications of this knowledge. The book includes chapters on sleep and arousal, pleasure and fear systems, the sources of rage and anger, and the neural control of sexuality, as well as the more subtle emotions related to maternal care, social loss, and playfulness. Representing a synthetic integration of vast amounts of neurobehavioral knowledge, including relevant neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and neurochemistry, this book will be one of the most important contributions to understanding the biology of emotions since Darwins The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
Download or read book Sensing the Environment Regulation of Local and Global Homeostasis by the Skin s Neuroendocrine System written by Andrzej T. Slominski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-02 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The skin, the body’s largest organ, is strategically located at the interface with the external environment where it detects, integrates and responds to a diverse range of stressors, including solar radiation. It has already been established that the skin is an important peripheral neuroendocrine-immune organ that is closely networked with central regulatory systems. These capabilities contribute to the maintenance of peripheral homeostasis. Specifically, epidermal and dermal cells produce and respond to classical stress neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and hormones, production which is stimulated by ultraviolet radiation (UVR), biological factors (infectious and non-infectious) and other physical and chemical agents. Examples of local biologically active products are cytokines, biogenic amines (catecholamines, histamine, serotonin and N-acetyl-serotonin), melatonin, acetylocholine, neuropeptides including pituitary (proopiomelanocortin-derived ACTH, b-endorphin or MSH peptides, thyroid stimulating hormone) and hypothalamic (corticotropin-releasing factor and related urocortins, thyroid-releasing hormone) hormones, as well as enkephalins and dynorphins, thyroid hormones, steroids (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex hormones, 7-δ steroids), secosteroids, opioids and endocannabinoids. The production of these molecules is hierarchical, organized along the algorithms of classical neuroendocrine axes such as the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA), hypothalamic-thyroid axis (HPT), serotoninergic, melatoninergic, catecholaminergic, cholinergic, steroid/secosteroidogenic, opioid and endocannabinoid systems. Disruptions of these axes or of communication between them may lead to skin and/or systemic diseases. These local neuroendocrine networks also serve to limit the effect of noxious environmental agents to preserve local and consequently global homeostasis. Moreover, the skin-derived factors/systems can also activate cutaneous nerve endings to alert the brain to changes in the epidermal or dermal environments, or alternatively to activate other coordinating centers by direct (spinal cord) neurotransmission without brain involvement. Furthermore, rapid and reciprocal communications between epidermal and dermal and adnexal compartments are also mediated by neurotransmission including antidromic modes of conduction. Lastly, skin cells and the skin as an organ coordinate and/or regulate not only peripheral but also global homeostasis.
Download or read book CANCEROUS TUMOR LIFE BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS written by MIROSŁAW KOZŁOWSKI and published by SULTAN TARLACI. This book was released on 2023-06-18 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Cancer? In their seminal paper, Davies and Lineweaver (2011) developed a new theory of cancerous tumors. Until now, most research has focused on cancer as a human disease, but tumors are also widespread among animals and plants, suggesting that they have deep evolutionary roots. Indeed, cancer is such a formidable adversary because it is a fundamental part of the story of life itself. About 600 million years ago, there appeared a riot of modern-looking metazoan (the multi-celled creatures that make up the bulk of the animal kingdom), with many specialized cell types and organisms. But this explosion did not happen in a vacuum; hundreds of millions of years before, there were precursors: clumps of semi-organized cells forming robust tumor-like forms. As Davies and Lineweaver emphasized, cancer-like Aging must be accepted as a part of life. In this monograph, the mutual interactions between cancer and the host body are studied. The point of view that these interactions are mediated by human consciousness is presented. The monograph consists of six chapters. Chapter 1, “Overview of the research,” presents the contemporary status of the relationship between cancer and consciousness. Chapter 2, “Quantum mechanics and life,” explains how quantum mechanics helps in understanding life phenomena, including cancer. Chapter 3, “Stress and cancer life,” is devoted to the presentation of the possible root of cancer, namely stress, which dominates human life. Although the term 'cancer' refers to undisciplined and uncontrollable cellular growth, a basal cell carcinoma of the skin is quite different from adenocarcinoma of the lung, the prostate, the breast, or even of brain tumors, lymphomas, leukaemias and other malignancies. These all differ markedly with respect to growth rates, metastatic tendencies, and sensitivity to neuroendocrine or immune system influences, particularly those that might be modulated by stress. There are critical concerns in determining exactly how long a cancer has been present. If a lump in the breast is found to be malignant, when did the cancer start? Was it there a month, six months, or years before clinical detection? Such information would be crucial in establishing any temporal relationship with antecedent. The remaining three chapters have a more technical character, and are devoted to the presentation of new results from the investigation of the nature of cancer. Chapter 4, “The electrical properties of cancer tumor cells,” presents results concerning the physical properties of tumor cells. Chapter 5, “Classical description of tumor life: Boltzmann equation for tumor cancer evolution,” presents the approach that treats cancer as a physical object. The new Boltzmann transport equation for tumor cell movement in the host body is formulated and solved. In this way, light is shed and inroads are made into answering the questions posed in Chapter 3 and beyond. Chapter 6, “Quantum mechanics and cancer,” presents the quantum theory of brain waves and their possible influence on cancer proliferation. Electroencephalogram (EEG) waves may reflect more than the noise of the machinery of the brain; they may possibly represent signals being sent to other parts of the body. Since it is possible to move a cursor on a computer screen solely through deep concentration, it does not seem unreasonable to postulate that mental activities could also affect activities in the body that are sensitive to the chemical/molecular concept of communication at a physical/atomic model. Such a paradigm might explain not only regression or spontaneous remission of cancer in patients with a strong level of natural determination, but also the placebo effect, faith healing, ‘therapeutic touch,’ psychokinesis, telepathy, and other widely acknowledged but poorly understood concepts. How can one explain the numerous well-documented cases of spontaneous remission of cancer? Careful studies of such patients suggest that a firm faith and a strong positive belief system are the most common themes. There are numerous reports of cancer regression through the use of various stress-reducing or mind-altering techniques, including intense meditation, visual imagery, and hypnosis. Yet, like spontaneous remission, all of these cures are extremely rare, and the benefits are entirely unpredictable in any given patient. Here again, having a strong faith in something would provide a sense of control and might offer the best explanation. But how are the salutary rewards of faith healing, ‘therapeutic touch,’ and the placebo effect mediated? Is there such a thing as psychic healing? How can one explain the well-documented benefits associated with the development of strong social support in patients with cancer and other illnesses? Conversely, what are the mechanisms involved in the numerous reports of reactivation of dormant cancer following an extremely stressful event, particularly sudden loss? No consistent immune, neuroendocrine, or central nervous system (CNS) changes have been demonstrated in connection with such effects. Could the answer lie in some latent energy force? Adey (1992) reported that certain frequency bands between 15 and 60 Hz have been found to alter cell protein synthesis, mRNA functions, immune responses, and intercellular communication. Is it possible to learn how to harness this energy force?
Download or read book Sound Mind Sound Body written by Kenneth R. Pelletier and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1995-06 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dramatic new approach to understanding personal health, Dr. Pelletier shows how lifelong good health is far more dependent on a positive, purposeful life orientation than on aerobic workouts and rigid low-fat diets. Sound Mind, Sound Body offers practical, effective techniques to help anyone achieve physical, mental, and emotional equilibrium and enjoy a lifetime of optimal health.
Download or read book Handbook of Stress Medicine and Health written by Cary Cooper and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-10-28 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research now shows us that long-term activation of the stress cycle can have a hazardous, even lethal, effect on the body, increasing the risk of obesity, heart disease, depression, cancer, and other illnesses. This new edition of an award-winning book presents cutting-edge research on the effects of stress. Edited by one of the worlds authorit
Download or read book Rethinking Health Care written by Max Heirich and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rethinking Health Care explains that the context for the reorganization of U.S. health care over the last several decades has been set by broader developments in the national and international political economies and shows how these health care developments have, in turn, affected the larger social and economic transformations that were occurring.
Download or read book Neurobiology of the Immune System written by Angela Clow and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-01-08 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published since 1959, International Review of Neurobiology is a well-known series appealing to neuroscientists, clinicians, psychologists, physiologists, and pharmacologists. Led by an internationally renowned editorial board, this important serial publishes both eclectic volumes made up of timely reviews and thematic volumes that focus on recent progress in a specific area of neurobiology research. Provides solid scientific basis to our understanding of the associations between the brain and the immune system the importance of these connections Presents coherent development from cellular and molecular neuroimmune communication to social and health considerations, including psychological intervention Addresses the theory that there is a neurobiology of the immune system
Download or read book Environmental Illness written by Herman Staudenmayer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental illness: certain health professionals and clinical ecologists claim it impacts and inhibits 15 percent of the population. Its afflicted are led to believe environmental illness (EI) originates with food, chemicals, and other stimuli in their surroundings -as advocates call for drastic measures to remedy the situation. What if relief proves elusive-and the patient is sent on a course of ongoing, costly and ineffective ""treatment""? Several hundred individuals who believed they were suffering from EI have been evaluated or treated by Herman Staudenmayer since the 1970s. Staudenmayer believed the symptoms harming his patients actually had psychophysiological origins-based more in fear of a hostile world than any suspected toxins contained in the environment. Staudenmayer's years of research, clinical work-and successful care-are now summarized in Environmental Illness: Myth & Reality. Dismissing much of the information that has attempted to defend EI and its culture of victimization, Staudenmayer details the alternative diagnoses and treatments that have helped patients recognize their true conditions-and finally overcome them, often after years of prolonged suffering.
Download or read book Neuroendocrine immune Interactions written by Rolf C. Gaillard and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interactions between the immune, endocrine and nervous systems seldom appear as main issues in the neurosciences and in immunology. So far this was most likely due to the need to focus on the molecular and cellular bases of single neural, endocrine and immune processes. But hormones, neurotransmitters and neuropeptides can also influence more subtle mechanisms underlying immune cell activity. The contents of this volume aim at listing some aspects which show that not only the bases for neuroendocrine control of more refined mechanisms related to the organization and functioning of the immune systems to exist, but also that the immune system can actively communicate with neuroendocrine structures. The evidence is divided into three categories: - Anatomical, cellular and molecular bases for the exchange of information between immune, endocrine and neural cells, - reciprocal effects between immune and neuroendocrine mechanisms, and - immune-neuroendocrine regulatory circuits. Immunologically triggered neuroendocrine responses can be either beneficial or deleterious for the host. A systematic approach would imply the simultaneous evaluation of neuroendocrine and immune parameters and thus provide the basis for therapeutic interventions based on antagonizing or blocking undesirable effects.
Download or read book Catecholamines and Strees written by International Symposium on Catecholamines and Stress$ (1er : 1975 : Braatislava, Tchécoslovaquie) and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contemporary Clinical Psychology written by Thomas G. Plante and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary Clinical Psychology, Third Edition introduces students to this fascinating profession from an integrative, biopsychosocial perspective. Thoroughly updated to include the latest information on topics central to the field, this innovative approach to studying clinical psychology delivers an engaging overview of the roles and responsibilities of today's clinical psychologists that is designed to inform and spark interest in a future career in this dynamic field. Highlighting evidence-based therapies, multiple case studies round out the portrayal of clinical practice. Designed for graduate and undergraduate students in introductory clinical psychology courses.
Download or read book Learned Helplessness written by Christopher Peterson and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1993 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When experience with uncontrollable events gives rise to the expectation that events in the future will also elude control, disruptions in motivation, emotion, and learning may ensue. "Learned helplessness" refers to the problems that arise in the wake of uncontrollability. First described in the 1960s among laboratory animals, learned helplessness has since been applied to a variety of human problems entailing inappropriate passivity and demoralization. While learned helplessness is best known as an explanation of depression, studies with both people and animals have mapped out the cognitive and biological aspects. The present volume, written by some of the most widely recognized leaders in the field, summarizes and integrates the theory, research, and application of learned helplessness. Each line of work is evaluated critically in terms of what is and is not known, and future directions are sketched. More generally, psychiatrists and psychologists in various specialties will be interested in the book's argument that a theory emphasizing personal control is of particular interest in the here and now, as individuality and control are such salient cultural topics.
