Download or read book Stress and Fracture Characterization in a Shale Reservoir North Texas Using Correlation Between New Seismic Attributes and Well Data written by Yves Serge Simon and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Attributes for Prospect Identification and Reservoir Characterization written by Satinder Chopra and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2007 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing the physical basis, mathematical implementation, and geologic expression of modern volumetric attributes including coherence, dip/azimuth, curvature, amplitude gradients, seismic textures, and spectral decomposition, the authors demonstrate the importance of effective colour display and sensitivity to seismic acquisition and processing.

Download or read book Anisotropic Analysis and Fracture Characterization of the Haynesville Shale Panola County Texas written by Anthony William Barone and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In unconventional resources such as the Haynesville Shale, a proper understanding of natural fracture patterns is essential to enhancing the economic success of petroleum extraction. The spatial density of naturally occurring fracture sets affects drainage area and optimal drilling location(s), and the azimuth of the strike of the predominant fracture set affects the ideal orientation of wells. In the absence of data to directly determine these fracture characteristics, such as Formation Microimaging (FMI) logs, these natural fracture patterns can be analyzed by examining the seismic anisotropy present in the reservoir. Anisotropy introduced from aligned fracture sets creates predictable azimuthal variations in the seismic wavefield. This allows the reservoir anisotropy, and thus the fracturing present in the reservoir, to be studied indirectly through the azimuthal analysis of industry standard 3D seismic data. The work presented here outlines three distinct methodologies, which utilize azimuthal amplitude variations (AVAZ) present in 3D seismic data, to infer fracture characteristics without the need for substantial well log information. Two of these methods have been previously established and assume the reservoir to be characteristic of Horizontally Transverse Isotropic (HTI). The last method is novel and assumes orthorhombic anisotropy when inverting for fracture density and is able to unambiguously invert for fracture azimuth. All methodologies used in this work produced similar results, increasing confidence in the accuracy of these results through statistical repeatability. Fracture density inversion results indicate spatially varying fracture density throughout the area, with a distinct area of higher fracture density present in the Northwestern corner of the area analyzed. Spatially varying fracture density and localized pockets of fracturing is consistent with expectation from analyzing production data and FMI logs from other areas of the Haynesville. Fracture azimuth inversion results showed some variability; however, the novel method presented in this thesis indicates that the azimuth of the predominant fracture set is oriented at a compass bearing of approximately 82 degrees -- rotated slightly counterclockwise from an east-west orientation. Fracture azimuth results agree well with expectations from a regional stress analysis and from examining comparable formations with known fracture patterns in the surrounding area.

Download or read book Seismic Attributes as the Framework for Data Integration Throughout the Oilfield Life Cycle written by Kurt J. Marfurt and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Useful attributes capture and quantify key components of the seismic amplitude and texture for subsequent integration with well log, microseismic, and production data through either interactive visualization or machine learning. Although both approaches can accelerate and facilitate the interpretation process, they can by no means replace the interpreter. Interpreter “grayware” includes the incorporation and validation of depositional, diagenetic, and tectonic deformation models, the integration of rock physics systematics, and the recognition of unanticipated opportunities and hazards. This book is written to accompany and complement the 2018 SEG Distinguished Instructor Short Course that provides a rapid overview of how 3D seismic attributes provide a framework for data integration over the life of the oil and gas field. Key concepts are illustrated by example, showing modern workflows based on interactive interpretation and display as well as those aided by machine learning.

Download or read book Fracture and In situ Stress Characterization of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs written by Geological Society of London and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2003 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reservoir Characterization of the Haynesville Shale Panola County Texas Using Rock Physics Modeling and Partial Stack Seismic Inversion written by Sarah Bryson Coyle and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates the relationship between elastic properties and rock properties of the Haynesville Shale using rock physics modeling, simultaneous seismic inversion, and grid searching. A workflow is developed in which a rock physics model is built and calibrated to well data in the Haynesville Shale and then applied to 3D seismic inversion data to predict porosity and mineralogy away from the borehole locations. The rock physics model describes the relationship between porosity, mineral composition, pore shape, and elastic stiffness using the anisotropic differential effective medium model. The calibrated rock physics model is used to generate a modeling space representing a range of mineral compositions and porosities with a calibrated mean pore shape. The model space is grid searched using objective functions to select a range of models that describe the inverted P-impedance, S-impedance, and density volumes. The selected models provide a range of possible rock properties (porosity and mineral composition) and an estimate of uncertainty. The mineral properties were mapped in three dimensions within the area of interest using this modeling technique and inversion workflow. This map of mineral content and porosity can be interpreted to predict the best areas for hydraulic fracturing.

Download or read book Applied Concepts in Fractured Reservoirs written by John C. Lorenz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A much-needed, precise and practical treatment of a key topic in the energy industry and beyond, Applied Concepts in Fractured Reservoirs is an invaluable reference for those in both industry and academia Authored by renowned experts in the field, this book covers the understanding, evaluation, and effects of fractures in reservoirs. It offers a comprehensive yet practical discussion and description of natural fractures, their origins, characteristics, and effects on hydrocarbon reservoirs. It starts by introducing the reader to basic definitions and classifications of fractures and fractured reservoirs. It then provides an outline for fractured-reservoir characterization and analysis, and goes on to introduce the way fractures impact operational activities. Well organized and clearly illustrated throughout, Applied Concepts in Fractured Reservoirs starts with a section on understanding natural fractures. It looks at the different types, their dimensions, and the mechanics of fracturing rock in extension and shear. The next section provides information on measuring and analyzing fractures in reservoirs. It covers: logging core for fractures; taking, measuring, and analyzing fracture data; new core vs. archived core; CT scans; comparing fracture data from outcrops, core, and logs; and more. The last part examines the effects of natural fractures on reservoirs, including: the permeability behavior of individual fractures and fracture systems; fracture volumetrics; effects of fractures on drilling and coring; and the interaction between natural and hydraulic fractures. Teaches readers to understand and evaluate fractures Compiles and synthesizes various concepts and descriptions scattered in literature and synthesizes them with unpublished oil-field observations and data, along with the authors’ own experience Bridges some of the gaps between reservoir engineers and geologists Provides an invaluable reference for geologists and engineers who need to understand naturally fractured reservoirs in order to efficiently extract hydrocarbons Illustrated in full color throughout Companion volume to the Atlas of Natural and Induced Fractures in Core

Download or read book Static Conceptual Fracture Modeling written by Ronald A. Nelson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-10-07 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modelling of flow in naturally fractured reservoirs is quickly becoming mandatory in all phases of oil and gas exploration and production. Creation of a Static Conceptual Fracture Model (SCFM) is needed as input to create flow simulations for today and for prediction of flow into the future. Unfortunately, the computer modelers tasked with constructing the gridded fracture model are often not well versed in natural fracture characterization and are often forced to make quick decisions as to the input required by the software used to create these models. Static Conceptual Fracture Modelling: Preparing for Simulation and Development describes all the fracture and reservoir parameters needed to create the fracture database for effective modelling and how to generate the data and parameter distributions. The material covered in this volume highlights not only natural fracture system quantification and formatting, but also describes best practices for managing technical teams charged with creating the SCFM. This book will become a must on the shelf for all reservoir modelers.

Download or read book Pattern Recognition for Fractured Reservoir Characterization Using Subsurface Big Data written by Egbadon Ajibola Udegbe and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the quantity of data generated from monitoring technologies for subsurface operations such as permanent downhole sensors, as well as cross-hole and seismic surveys. Traditional models and techniques have proven inadequate for the purpose of extracting information from Big Data, in support of reservoir management and decision-making. In addition, the last decade has brought about increased exploration of unconventional reservoirs such as shale, due to more favorable economics resulting from advances in directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing. However, existing methods for describing induced and natural fracture characteristics in the subsurface are still evolving, and associated impacts on well performance are not completely understood. To attain optimal development of these resources, we require accurate characterization of fractures and reservoir characteristics from subsurface time-series and spatial data.The above challenges have the potential to be addressed by developing new Big Data analytic tools focused on identifying and characterizing complex subsurface features such as fractures, by exploiting pattern recognition and high-performance computing to uncover masked trends in large volumes of subsurface data. In support of this objective, real-time face detection techniques have been adapted to establish a pattern recognition methodology for feature extraction, statistical learning and probabilistic model evaluation. Under this framework, a set of easy-to-compute features based on Haar wavelets are extracted directly from the data, in order to serve as attributes for training a cascade of probabilistic tree-based ensemble classification models. As a use case for time-series data analytics, production data simulated from hydraulically fractured shale gas wells have been trained to identify candidates for re-stimulation treatment. Results demonstrate the viability of the proposed framework in recognizing favorable re-stimulation candidate wells using solely gas rate profiles, with improved accuracy over conventional tools such as type-curve matches. Secondly, the proposed methodology has been extended to help identify fractures in post-stack seismic data, which has been trained using raw seismic amplitude responses generated using a discontinuous Galerkin finite element seismic wave propagation model. Next, the approach has been validated using 3D post-stack seismic data from the Niobrara Shale interval within the Teapot Dome field in Wyoming. The applicability of the proposed framework has been demonstrated for identifying sub-seismic fractures, by considering the amplitude profile adjacent to interpreted fullbore microimage (FMI) well log data. The up-scaled spatial distribution of the predicted fractures shows agreement with existing geological studies and align with interpreted large-scale faults within the interval of interest.

Download or read book Recueil Documentation sur Balraj Khanna written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Geomechanics and Hydraulic Fracturing for Shale Reservoirs written by Yu Wang and published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended as a reference book for advanced graduate students and research engineers in shale gas development or rock mechanical engineering. Globally, there is widespread interest in exploiting shale gas resources to meet rising energy demands, maintain energy security and stability in supply and reduce dependence on higher carbon sources of energy, namely coal and oil. However, extracting shale gas is a resource intensive process and is dependent on the geological and geomechanical characteristics of the source rocks, making the development of certain formations uneconomic using current technologies. Therefore, evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of shale, together with technological advancements, is critical in verifying the economic viability of such formation. Accurate geomechanical information about the rock and its variation through the shale is important since stresses along the wellbore can control fracture initiation and frac development. In addition, hydraulic fracturing has been widely employed to enhance the production of oil and gas from underground reservoirs. Hydraulic fracturing is a complex operation in which the fluid is pumped at a high pressure into a selected section of the wellbore. The interaction between the hydraulic fractures and natural fractures is the key to fracturing effectiveness prediction and high gas development. The development and growth of a hydraulic fracture through the natural fracture systems of shale is probably more complex than can be described here, but may be somewhat predictable if the fracture system and the development of stresses can be explained. As a result, comprehensive shale geomechanical experiments, physical modeling experiment and numerical investigations should be conducted to reveal the fracturing mechanical behaviors of shale.

Download or read book Optimization of Hydraulic Fracture Stages and Sequencing in Unconventional Formations written by Ahmed Alzahabi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-03 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shale gas and/or oil play identification is subject to many screening processes for characteristics such as porosity, permeability, and brittleness. Evaluating shale gas and/or oil reservoirs and identifying potential sweet spots (portions of the reservoir rock that have high-quality kerogen content and brittle rock) requires taking into consideration multiple rock, reservoir, and geological parameters that govern production. The early determination of sweet spots for well site selection and fracturing in shale reservoirs is a challenge for many operators. With this limitation in mind, Optimization of Hydraulic Fracture Stages and Sequencing in Unconventional Formations develops an approach to improve the industry’s ability to evaluate shale gas and oil plays and is structured to lead the reader from general shale oil and gas characteristics to detailed sweet-spot classifications. The approach uses a new candidate selection and evaluation algorithm and screening criteria based on key geomechanical, petrophysical, and geochemical parameters and indices to obtain results consistent with existing shale plays and gain insights on the best development strategies going forward. The work introduces new criteria that accurately guide the development process in unconventional reservoirs in addition to reducing uncertainty and cost.

Download or read book Fine Scale Characterization of Shale Reservoirs written by Mehdi Ostadhassan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-04 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the authors' extensive experience and interdisciplinary approach to demonstrate how acquiring and integrating data using a variety of analytical equipment can provide better insights into unconventional shale reservoir rocks and their constituent components. It focuses on a wide range of properties of unconventional shale reservoirs, discussing the use of conventional and new analytical methods for detailed measurements of mechanical properties of both organic and inorganic constituent elements as well as of the geochemical characteristics of organic components and their origins. It also addresses the investigation of porosity, pore size and type from several perspectives to help us to define unconventional shale formation. All of these analyses are treated individually, but brought together to present the rock sample on a macro scale. This book is of interest to researchers and graduate students from various disciplines, such as petroleum, civil, and mechanical engineering, as well as from geoscience, geology, geochemistry and geophysics. The methods and approaches can be further extended to biology and medicine.

Download or read book Natural Fracture Characterization of the New Albany Shale Illinois Basin United States written by Lucas Jared Fidler and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Albany Shale is an Upper Devonian organic-rich gas shale located in the Illinois Basin. A factor influencing gas production from the shale is the natural fracture system. I test the hypothesis that a combination of outcrop and core observations, rock property tests, and geomechanical modeling can yield an accurate representation of essential natural fracture attributes that cannot be obtained from any of the methods alone. Field study shows that New Albany Shale outcrops contain barren (free of cement) joints, commonly oriented in orthogonal sets. The dominant set strikes NE-SW, with a secondary set oriented NNW-SSE. I conclude that the joints were likely created by near-surface processes, and thus are unreliable for use as analogs for fractures in the reservoir. However, the height, spacing, and abundance of the joints may still be useful as guides to the fracture stratigraphy of the New Albany Shale at depth. The Clegg Creek and Blocher members contain the highest fracture abundance. Fractures observed in four New Albany Shale cores are narrow, steeply-dipping, commonly completely sealed with calcite and are oriented ENE-WSW. The Clegg Creek and Blocher members contain the highest fracture abundance, which is consistent with outcrop observations. Fractures commonly split apart along the wall rock-cement interface, indicating they may be weak planes in the rock mass, making them susceptible to reactivation during hydraulic fracturing. Geomechanical testing of six core samples was performed to provide values of Young's modulus, subcritical index, and fracture toughness as input parameters for a fracture growth simulator. Of these inputs, subcritical index is shown to be the most influential on the spatial organization of fractures. The models predict the Camp Run and Blocher members to have the most clustered fractures, the Selmier to have more evenly-spaced fractures, and the Morgan Trail and Clegg Creek to have a mixture of even spacing and clustering. The multi-faceted approach of field study, core work, and geomechanical modeling I used to address the problem of fracture characterization in the New Albany Shale was effective. Field study in the New Albany presents an opportunity to gather a large amount of data on the characteristics and spatial organization of fractures quickly and at relatively low cost, but with questionable reliability. Core study allows accurate observation of fracture attributes, but has limited coverage. Geomechanical modeling is a good tool for analysis of fracture patterns over a larger area than core, but results are difficult to corroborate and require input from outcrop and core studies.

Download or read book Fracture Characterization at the Dickman Field KS written by Timothy Brown and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dickman Field, located in Ness County, Kansas, has produced 1.7 million barrels of oil since 1962 and is presently being evaluated by the University of Houston as a potential CO2 sequestration locality. The primary injection target is a porous, brine-saturated, Mississippian carbonate unit set approximately -2000 ft (-610 m) subsea. The objective of this study is to characterize sub-vertical fracture networks that potentially favor mobility of free-state CO2 within the reservoir. The 6 Hz results from a narrow-band decomposition of the Dickman 3D broadband volume show NW and NE striking lineaments in the reservoir interval. These spectral anomalies were originally assumed to be evidence of sub-resolution fracturing. Testing the validity of these features was accomplished by analyzing two kinds of data: 1) digital well logs from nearby wells and 2) available prestack seismic data from the Dickman 3D survey. A fuzzy inference system was used to obtain ground-truth fracture information from conventional well logs. Results show probable indicators of crosscutting fractures in the Mississippian section. Prestack analysis was used to detect azimuthal variations in the reflectivity gradient using amplitudes picked from the Gilmore City horizon. Azimuthal anisotropy orientations agree with the 6 Hz features as well as with lineament orientations found in previous seismic attribute studies. The 6 Hz anomalies, although supported by geological and geophysical evidence in terms of orientation, are most-likely products of low-frequency noise found in the upper 0.2 seconds of the Dickman 3D.

Download or read book Natural Fracture Characterization Using Passive Seismic Illumination written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presence of natural fractures in reservoir rock can significantly enhance gas production, especially in tight gas formations. Any general knowledge of the existence, location, orientation, spatial density, and connectivity of natural fractures, as well as general reservoir structure, that can be obtained prior to active seismic acquisition and drilling can be exploited to identify key areas for subsequent higher resolution active seismic imaging. Current practices for estimating fracture properties before the acquisition of surface seismic data are usually based on the assumed geology and tectonics of the region, and empirical or fracture mechanics-based relationships between stratigraphic curvature and fracturing. The objective of this research is to investigate the potential of multicomponent surface sensor arrays, and passive seismic sources in the form of local earthquakes to identify and characterize potential fractured gas reservoirs located near seismically active regions. To assess the feasibility of passive seismic fracture detection and characterization, we have developed numerical codes for modeling elastic wave propagation in reservoir structures containing multiple, finite-length fractures. This article describes our efforts to determine the conditions for favorable excitation of fracture converted waves, and to develop an imaging method that can be used to locate and characterize fractures using multicomponent, passive seismic data recorded on a surface array.

Download or read book Stratigraphic Reservoir Characterization for Petroleum Geologists Geophysicists and Engineers written by Roger M. Slatt and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many tools and techniques for characterizing oil and gas reservoirs. Seismic-reflection techniques include conventional 2D and 3D seismic, 4D time-lapse seismic, multicomponent seismic, crosswell seismic, seismic inversion, and seismic attribute analysis, all designed to enhance stratigraphy/structure detection, resolution, and characterization. These techniques are constantly being improved. Drilling and coring a well provides the “ground truth” for seismic interpretation. Rock formations are directly sampled by cuttings and by core and indirectly characterized with a variety of conventional and specialized well logs. To maximize characterization and optimize production, many of these tools as possible should be employed. It is often less expensive to utilize a wide variety of tools that directly image or measure reservoir properties at different scales than to drill one or two dry holes.