Download or read book Stem Cell Migration written by Marie-Dominique Filippi and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The migration of stem cells has been found to be critical during early development for the organization of the embryonic body as well as during adult life with tissue homeostasis and regeneration of organ function. Due to the low frequency of these cells in vivo, problems in identifying and prospectively purifying tissue specific stem cells near homogeneity, and, most importantly, a lack of adequate technologies and protocols to study stem cell migration in vivo, this vital research has been quite difficult until recently. In Stem Cell Migration: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field compile and highlight the standard and novel techniques that allow the studying of the migration of stem cells in one succinct manual. Including protocols on germ, neuronal, and hematopoietic stem cells, during development and adulthood with a clear emphasis on in vivo technologies, the volume also extends its coverage to in vitro approaches toward several developmentally-conserved signaling pathways. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Practical and convenient, Stem Cell Migration: Methods and Protocols provides key, state-of the art information on experimental techniques for studying stem cell migration both at a cellular and molecular level in development, regeneration, and disease.
Download or read book Tracking Stem Cell Migration in Pathologically Challenged Hearts Using GFP Tagged Stem Cells written by Jenna Rose Fransioli and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-25 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific breakthroughs, celebrity patient advocates, and conflicting religious beliefs have come together to bring the state of stem cell researchâ€"specifically embryonic stem cell researchâ€"into the political crosshairs. President Bush's watershed policy statement allows federal funding for embryonic stem cell research but only on a limited number of stem cell lines. Millions of Americans could be affected by the continuing political debate among policymakers and the public. Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine provides a deeper exploration of the biological, ethical, and funding questions prompted by the therapeutic potential of undifferentiated human cells. In terms accessible to lay readers, the book summarizes what we know about adult and embryonic stem cells and discusses how to go about the transition from mouse studies to research that has therapeutic implications for people. Perhaps most important, Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine also provides an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells. This timely book compares the impact of public and private research funding and discusses approaches to appropriate research oversight. Based on the insights of leading scientists, ethicists, and other authorities, the book offers authoritative recommendations regarding the use of existing stem cell lines versus new lines in research, the important role of the federal government in this field of research, and other fundamental issues.
Download or read book The Origin of a New Progenitor Stem Cell Group in Human Development written by Hubert Wartenberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of a new group of progenitor stem cells. Their origins were originally detected in light- and electron microscopical sections of plastic embedded human embryonal and fetal organs. The distribution of these cells can result in a large quantity of ectopic stem cells. The observation of these ectopic stem cells leads us to postulate the existence of a basic wave of stem cell progenitors. This process proceeds earlier and independently from germ cell migration. This first wave of progenitor stem cell migration initially reaches the peri-aortal AMG-region (Aortal-Mesonephric-Gonadal region). From here, some of these progenitor cells enter the aorta, are distributed through the vascular system and become the embryonal stem cells (reserve cells) in many peripheral tissues. A second part delivers progenitor cells for the adrenal 'anlage'. Within the peripheral Zona definitiva of the adrenal cortex the progenitor cells multiplicate and subsequently leave the adrenal cortex through a gate of the capsule. The progenitor cells arrive at the pre-aortal sympathic plexus ('second brain'). Within the plexus ganglia they form new organ-like clusters, the paraganglia. In a second process the progenitor cells (Chromaffine cells) enter sympathetic nerve bundles. Here an 'axonal migration' starts, which guides the progenitor cells to several peripheral organs. During this migration process the stem cells develop into their final state. In the adrenal cortex the ingrowing nerves guide the stem cells to the adrenal medulla. In the pancreas the ingrowing nerve fibers guide the stem cells to the islets. These newly detected stem cells represent a specific developmental step which is found only in humans.
Download or read book Molecular mechanisms of stem cell migration homing and engraftment written by Grigorios Tsaknakis and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bone Marrow Niche written by Takashi Nagasawa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume summarizes recent advances in research on mesenchymal cell populations in the bone marrow. It explores how mesenchymal cells create niches for immune cells in extramedullary organs and it discusses new concepts of lympho-hematopoietic microenvironments. Readers are introduced to the fundamentals of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiation to all types of blood cells, including immune cells, in the bone marrow. The book highlights how this process is supported and regulated by the individual microenvironments of stem cells, termed niches. The identity of HSC niches has been subject to longstanding debates. Recent studies identified the population of mesenchymal stem cells as the major cellular component of niches, for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their candidate developmental origin. Furthermore, candidate cellular niches for immune cells in lymph nodes and adipose and connective tissues were identified. The authors of this volume focus on shared features between those and HSPC niche cells in the bone marrow. Covering latest research results, this book serves as fascinating read for researchers and clinicians in hematology and immunology.
Download or read book Cell matrix Interactions Regulate Adult Stem Cell Migration and Differentiation written by Ludovic Guillaume Jean-Marc Vincent and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cell therapies have shown promise in the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases by integrating with host tissue, remodeling diseased environments, and recruiting other cells through paracrine signaling. However, clinical trials have yielded limited success in part because the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) has been underappreciated. The physiochemical properties of this protein network, notably the density, composition, and degree of crosslinking, all influence the Young's modulus, i.e. 'stiffness,' of this matrix. Cells 'feel' changes in their local environment by contracting against this material, integrating physical cues that guide cell function. In this thesis, we aim to elucidate how cell-matrix mechanosensing guides stem cell migration and differentiation. Our studies have employed synthetic hydrogels to decouple specific ECM properties, allowing us to study how each component independently regulates cell behavior. After fabricating hydrogels with mechanical gradients, we observed that stem cell migration velocity scaled with gradient strength over a given stiffness range as long as the cytoskeleton remained intact. This mechanical regulation of migration in normal and disease pathologies suggests that stem cells may better contribute to repairs in stiffer regions of tissues where they may preferentially accumulate. Mechanical step gradients provided a means to mechanically confine stem cells, which readily aligned and robustly underwent myogenic differentiation and fused, and could serve as a synthetic platform for micro tissue engineering constructs. Subsequent studies focused on cell-sensing in geometrically constrained environments. Tuning cell shape revealed that focal adhesion formation and cell-generated traction stresses follow opposing trends over a range of stiffness. Our contractility-based observations suggest that differentiation may be possible in non-permissive environments and could prove beneficial to treat fibrotic diseases. Further investigation on a microscopic scale of how cells interact with synthetic materials in vitro revealed that the substrate stiffness of our systems, and not the attached cell-adhesive ligands nor their configuration, was the most important factor to determine differentiation of stem cells. Taken together, these data imply that the mechanics of the environment drive biased cell migration and differentiation and that stem cell clinical trials may have higher chances of success if ECM mechanics are factored into the therapy design.
Download or read book Cell Migration written by Frank Entschladen and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell migration is a highly complex process which involves several compartments of the cell, including surface receptors, signalling elements and the cytoskeleton. It plays an essential role in embryogenesis, wound healing and inflammatory responses, and a dysregulation of cell movement can cause pathological states such as developmental defects, chronic inflammation, cancer invasion and metastasis. Covering extracellular regulatory signals and intracellular signal transduction pathways as well as the molecular mechanisms of migration in stem cells, leukocytes and tumor cells in the adult human organism, this book summarizes the current state of knowledge about cell migration. In the first part, the major aspects of different migratory cells in health and disease are covered, with special emphasis on T lymphocytes. The second part provides a comprehensive overview of the principal molecular mechanisms of migration such as adhesion receptors, cytoskeletal rearrangements and locomotor force generation, which, together, can be referred to as a cell's 'migrosome'.With contributions by eminent international scientists from different disciplines this book will serve as a valuable resource not only for researchers in cell biology, immunology and oncology, but also for clinicians who wish to learn more about the role of migratory processes in health and disease.
Download or read book Hematopoietic Stem Cell Migration written by Douglas Ellis Wright and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Neural Crest written by Nicole Le Douarin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-11-28 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1999 edition of The Neural Crest contains comprehensive information about the neural crest, a structure unique to the vertebrate embryo, which has only a transient existence in early embryonic life. The ontogeny of the neural crest embodies the most important issues in developmental biology, as the neural crest is considered to have played a crucial role in evolution of the vertebrate phylum. Data that analyse neural crest ontogeny in murine and zebrafish embryos have been included in this revision. This revised edition also takes advantage of recent advances in our understanding of markers of neural crest cell subpopulations, and a full chapter is now devoted to cell lineage analysis. The major research breakthrough since the first edition has been the introduction of molecular biology to neural crest research, enabling an elucidation of many molecular mechanisms of neural crest development. This book is essential reading for students and researchers in developmental biology, cell biology, and neuroscience.
Download or read book Fluid Flow induced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration written by Brandon D. Riehl and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) migration under mechanical stimulation conditions with investigation of the underlying molecular mechanism could lead to a better understanding and outcomes in stem cell-based regenerative medicine. MSCs having multipotent regenerative capability exist in niches in the bone marrow, muscle, vasculature, and in other tissues throughout the body, and their migration through tissues and vasculature for the repair of damaged tissue is a key process of cell and tissue homeostasis, remodeling, and regeneration. While cell migration in response to cytokines and other chemo-attractants is relatively well understood, little is revealed in regard to the effect of mechanical cues. In this study, we investigated the migration of C3H10T1/2 murine MSCs in response to fluid flow-induced shear stress in vitro. MSCs were subjected to steady flows with physiologically relevant shear stresses of 2, 15, and 25 dyne/cm2 and compared with static control. Fluid shear induced cell migration following the flow direction, which effect was greater at higher shear stresses. To test the molecular mechanism, MSCs with stable knockdown of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and RhoA kinase (ROCK), each constituting the key component of focal adhesion signaling and cytoskeletal tension signaling respectively, were fluid-sheared. FAK-silenced MSCs showed decreases in fluid shear-induced migration, for example, decreases in migration length, confinement ratio, and motility coefficient. Interestingly, in the presence of ROCK silencing, MSCs were more responsive to fluid shear, showing increases in such migration parameters. Our data may suggest a different role of focal adhesion and cytoskeletal tension in mechanical induction of MSC migration.
Download or read book The Enteric Nervous System written by John Barton Furness and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes written by Yaoliang Tang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-02 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are at the forefront of research in two of the most high profile and funded scientific areas – cardiovascular research and stem cells. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes provides insight into the biofunction and molecular mechanisms, practical tools for research, and a look toward the clinical applications of this exciting phenomenon which is emerging as an effective diagnostic. Primarily focused on the cardiovascular applications where there have been the greatest advancements toward the clinic, this is the first compendium for clinical and biomedical researchers who are interested in integrating MSC-derived exosomes as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. - Introduces the MSC-exosome mediated cell-cell communication - Covers the major functional benefits in current MSC-derived exosome studies - Discusses strategies for the use of MSC-derived exosomes in cardiovascular therapies
Download or read book Mesenchymal and Neural Stem Cell Related Components Involved in Glioma Cell Migration written by Kathrin Weber and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Frontiers in Stem Cell Research written by Julia M. Spanning and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the many applications of stem cell research are nervous system diseases, diabetes, heart disease, autoimmune diseases as well as Parkinson's disease, end-stage kidney disease, liver failure, cancer, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Stem cells are self-renewing, unspecialised cells that can give rise to multiple types all of specialised cells of the body. Stem cell research also involves complex ethical and legal considerations since they involve adult, foetal tissue and embryonic sources. This book brings together leading research from throughout the world in this frontier field.
Download or read book Characterization of Adult Stem Cell Migration in the Planarian Schmidtea Mediterranea written by Otto Charles Guedelhoefer (IV.) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Migration and Function written by Ellen Durand and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collectively, our studies have led to novel insights regarding the pathways involved in HSC migration, homing, and repopulation.
