Download or read book Status of Initial Assessment of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Graphite Grades for NGNP Appkications written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current candidate graphite grades for the core structures of NGNP include grades NBG-17, NBG-18, PCEA and IG-430. Both NBG-17 and NBG-18 are manufactured using pitch coke, and are vibrationally molded. These medium grain products are produced by SGL Carbon SAS (France). Tayo Tanso (Japan) produces IG-430 which is a petroleum coke, isostatically molded, nuclear grade graphite. And PCEA is a medium grain, extruded graphite produced by UCAR Carbon Co. (USA) from petroleum coke. An experimental program has been initiated to develop physical and mechanical properties data for these current candidate graphites. The results will be judged against the requirements for nuclear grade graphites set forth in ASTM standard D 7219-05 "Standard Specification for Isotropic and Near-isotropic Nuclear Graphites". Physical properties data including thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion, and mechanical properties data including tensile, compressive and flexural strengths will be obtained using the established test methods covered in D-7219 and ASTM C 781-02 "Standard Practice for Testing Graphite and Boronated Graphite Components for High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Nuclear Reactors". Various factors known to effect the properties of graphites will be investigated. These include specimen size, spatial location within a graphite billet, specimen orientation (ag and wg) within a billet, and billet-to-billet variations. The current status of the materials characterization program is reported herein. To date billets of the four graphite grades have been procured, and detailed cut up plans for obtaining the various specimens have been prepared. Particular attention has been given to the traceability of each specimen to its spatial location and orientation within a billet.
Download or read book Initial Comparison of Baseline Physical and Mechanical Properties for the VHTR Candidate Graphite Grades written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-purity graphite is the core structural material of choice in the Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) design, a graphite-moderated, helium-cooled configuration capable of producing thermal energy for power generation as well as process heat for industrial applications that require temperatures higher than the outlet temperatures of present nuclear reactors. The Baseline Graphite Characterization Program is establishing accurate as-manufactured mechanical and physical property distributions in nuclear-grade graphites by providing comprehensive data that captures the level of variation in measured values. In addition to providing a thorough comparison between these values in different graphite grades, the program is also carefully tracking individual specimen source, position, and orientation information in order to provide comparisons both in specific properties and in the associated variability between different lots, different billets, and different positions from within a single billet. This report is a preliminary comparison between each of the grades of graphite that are considered ?candidate? grades from four major international graphite producers. These particular grades (NBG-18, NBG-17, PCEA, IG-110, and 2114) are the major focus of the evaluations presently underway on irradiated graphite properties through the series of Advanced Graphite Creep (AGC) experiments. NBG-18, a medium-grain pitch coke graphite from SGL from which billets are formed via vibration molding, was the favored structural material in the pebble-bed configuration. NBG-17 graphite from SGL is essentially NBG-18 with the grain size reduced by a factor of two. PCEA, petroleum coke graphite from GrafTech with a similar grain size to NBG-17, is formed via an extrusion process and was initially considered the favored grade for the prismatic layout. IG-110 and 2114, from Toyo Tanso and Mersen (formerly Carbone Lorraine), respectively, are fine-grain grades produced via an isomolding process. An analysis of the comparison between each of these grades will include not only the differences in fundamental and statistically-significant individual strength levels, but also the differences in the overall variability in properties within each of the grades that will ultimately provide the basis for predicting in-service performance. The comparative performance of the different types of nuclear-grade graphites will naturally continue to evolve as thousands more specimens are fully characterized with regard to strength, physical properties, and thermal performance from the numerous grades of graphite being evaluated.
Download or read book Status of and Prospects for Gas cooled Reactors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dental Materials and Their Selection written by William Joseph O'Brien and published by Quintessence Publishing (IL). This book was released on 1997 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. A Comparison of Metals, Ceramics, and Polymers. -- 2. Physical Properties. -- 3. Color and Appearance. -- 4. Surface Phenomena and Adhesion to Tooth Structure. -- 5. Gypsum Products. -- 6. Polymers and Polymerizations: Denture Base Polymers. -- 7. Polymeric Restorative Materials: Composites and Sealants. -- 8. Abrasion, Polishing, and Bleaching. -- 9. Impression Materials. -- 10. Waxes. -- 11. Dental Cements. -- 12. Structure and Properties of Metals and Alloys. -- 13. Dental Amalgams. -- 14. Direct Gold Filling Materials. -- 15. Precious Metal Casting Alloys. -- 16. Alloys for Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal Restorations. -- 17. Casting. -- 18. High-Temperature Investments. -- 19. Base Metal Casting Alloys. -- 20. Orthodontic Wires. -- 21. Dental Porcelain. -- 22. Soldering, Welding, and Electroplating. -- 23. Dental Implant Materials.
Download or read book Handbook of Non Ferrous Metal Powders written by Oleg D Neikov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-02-24 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The manufacture and use of the powders of non-ferrous metals has been taking place for many years in what was previously Soviet Russia, and a huge amount of knowledge and experience has built up in that country over the last forty years or so. Although accounts of the topic have been published in the Russian language, no English language account has existed until now.Six prominent academics and industrialists from the Ukraine and Russia have produced this highly-detailed account which covers the classification, manufacturing methods, treatment and properties of the non-ferrous metals ( aluminium, titanium, magnesium, copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, cadmium, lead, tin, bismuth, noble metals and earth metals).The result is a formidable reference source for those in all aspects of the metal powder industry. - Covers the manufacturing methods, properties and importance of the following metals: aluminium, titanium, magnesium, copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, cadmium, noble metals, rare earth metals, lead, tin and bismuth - Expert Russian team of authors, all very experienced - English translation and update of book previously published in Russian
Download or read book International Traffic in Arms Regulations ITAR 22 CFR 120 130 written by United States. Department of State and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thin Films and Coatings in Biology written by Soroush Nazarpour and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-15 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surface of materials is routinely exposed to various environmental influences. Surface modification presents a technological challenge for material scientists, physicists, and engineers, particularly when those surfaces are subjected to function within human body environment. This book provides a comprehensive coverage of the major issues and topics dealing with interaction of soft living matter with the surface of implants. Fundamental scientific concepts are embedded through experimental data and a broad range of case studies. First chapters cover the basics on biocompatibility of many different thin films of metals, alloys, ceramics, hydrogels, and polymers, following with case studies dealing with orthopedic and dental coatings. Next, a novel and low-cost coating deposition technique capable of production of several types of nanostructures is introduced through simple calculations and several illustrations. Moreover, chapter 6 and 7 present important topics on surface treatment of polymers, which is a subject that has seen many developments over the past decade. The last chapters target mainly the applications of coatings in biology such as in bio-sensing, neuroscience, and cancer detection. With several illustrations, micrographs, and case studies along with suitable references in each chapter, this book will be essential for graduate students and researchers in the multidisciplinary field of bio-coatings.
Download or read book Nuclear Energy for Hydrogen Production written by Karl Verfondern and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2007 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles and Applications of Emulsion Polymerization written by Chorng-Shyan Chern and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-10-06 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up-to-date coverage of methods of emulsion polymerization This book provides a comprehensive reference on emulsion polymerization methods,focusing on the fundamental mechanisms and kinetics of each process, as well as howthey can be applied to the manufacture of environmentally friendly polymeric materials. Topics covered include: Conventional emulsion polymerization Miniemulsion polymerization Microemulsion polymerization Industrial emulsion polymerization processes (primarily the semibatch and continuous reactions systems) The role of various colloidal phenomena in emulsion polymerization Important end-use properties of emulsion polymer (latex) products Information on industrial applications in paints, coatings, adhesives, paper and board, and more This is a hands-on reference for graduate students and professionals in polymerchemistry, chemical engineering, and materials science who are involved in researchon coatings, adhesives, rubber, latex, paints, finishes, and other materials that can becreated using various methods of emulsion polymerization.
Download or read book Applications of Robotics in Industry Using Advanced Mechanisms written by Janmenjoy Nayak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shares important findings on the application of robotics in industry using advanced mechanisms, including software and hardware. It presents a collection of recent trends and research on various advanced computing paradigms such as soft computing, robotics, smart automation, power control, and uncertainty analysis. The book constitutes the proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Application of Robotics in Industry using Advanced Mechanisms (ARIAM2019), which offered a platform for sharing original research findings, presenting innovative ideas and applications, and comparing notes on various aspects of robotics. The contributions highlight the latest research and industrial applications of robotics, and discuss approaches to improving the smooth functioning of industries. Moreover, they focus on designing solutions for complex engineering problems and designing system components or processes to meet specific needs, with due considerations for public health and safety, including cultural, societal, and environmental considerations. Taken together, they offer a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, engineers, professionals and students alike.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Semiconductor Manufacturing and Process Control written by Gary S. May and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to semiconductor manufacturing from processcontrol to yield modeling and experimental design Fundamentals of Semiconductor Manufacturing and Process Controlcovers all issues involved in manufacturing microelectronic devicesand circuits, including fabrication sequences, process control,experimental design, process modeling, yield modeling, and CIM/CAMsystems. Readers are introduced to both the theory and practice ofall basic manufacturing concepts. Following an overview of manufacturing and technology, the textexplores process monitoring methods, including those that focus onproduct wafers and those that focus on the equipment used toproduce wafers. Next, the text sets forth some fundamentals ofstatistics and yield modeling, which set the foundation for adetailed discussion of how statistical process control is used toanalyze quality and improve yields. The discussion of statistical experimental design offers readers apowerful approach for systematically varying controllable processconditions and determining their impact on output parameters thatmeasure quality. The authors introduce process modeling concepts,including several advanced process control topics such asrun-by-run, supervisory control, and process and equipmentdiagnosis. Critical coverage includes the following: * Combines process control and semiconductor manufacturing * Unique treatment of system and software technology and managementof overall manufacturing systems * Chapters include case studies, sample problems, and suggestedexercises * Instructor support includes electronic copies of the figures andan instructor's manual Graduate-level students and industrial practitioners will benefitfrom the detailed exami?nation of how electronic materials andsupplies are converted into finished integrated circuits andelectronic products in a high-volume manufacturingenvironment. An Instructor's Manual presenting detailed solutions to all theproblems in the book is available from the Wiley editorialdepartment. An Instructor Support FTP site is also available.
Download or read book Nanoelectronic Materials written by Loutfy H. Madkour and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 814 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents synthesis techniques for the preparation of low-dimensional nanomaterials including 0D (quantum dots), 1D (nanowires, nanotubes) and 2D (thin films, few layers), as well as their potential applications in nanoelectronic systems. It focuses on the size effects involved in the transition from bulk materials to nanomaterials; the electronic properties of nanoscale devices; and different classes of nanomaterials from microelectronics to nanoelectronics, to molecular electronics. Furthermore, it demonstrates the structural stability, physical, chemical, magnetic, optical, electrical, thermal, electronic and mechanical properties of the nanomaterials. Subsequent chapters address their characterization, fabrication techniques from lab-scale to mass production, and functionality. In turn, the book considers the environmental impact of nanotechnology and novel applications in the mechanical industries, energy harvesting, clean energy, manufacturing materials, electronics, transistors, health and medical therapy. In closing, it addresses the combination of biological systems with nanoelectronics and highlights examples of nanoelectronic–cell interfaces and other advanced medical applications. The book answers the following questions: • What is different at the nanoscale? • What is new about nanoscience? • What are nanomaterials (NMs)? • What are the fundamental issues in nanomaterials? • Where are nanomaterials found? • What nanomaterials exist in nature? • What is the importance of NMs in our lives? • Why so much interest in nanomaterials? • What is at nanoscale in nanomaterials? • What is graphene? • Are pure low-dimensional systems interesting and worth pursuing? • Are nanotechnology products currently available? • What are sensors? • How can Artificial Intelligence (AI) and nanotechnology work together? • What are the recent advances in nanoelectronic materials? • What are the latest applications of NMs?
Download or read book Laser Physics at the Limits written by Hartmut Figger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published on the occasion of Theodor Hänsch's 60th Birthday emphasis is placed on precision related to results in a variety of fields, such as atomic clocks, frequency standards, and the measurement of physical constants in atomic physics. Furthermore, illustrations and engineering applications of the fundamentals of quantum mechanics are widely covered. It has contributions by Nobel prize winners Norman F. Ramsey, Steven Chu, and Carl E. Wieman.
Download or read book Silicon Carbide written by Wolfgang J. Choyke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 911 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1997 publication of "Silicon Carbide - A Review of Fundamental Questions and Applications to Current Device Technology" edited by Choyke, et al., there has been impressive progress in both the fundamental and developmental aspects of the SiC field. So there is a growing need to update the scientific community on the important events in research and development since then. The editors have again gathered an outstanding team of the world's leading SiC researchers and design engineers to write on the most recent developments in SiC.
Download or read book Crystal Growth and Evaluation of Silicon for VLSI and ULSI written by Golla Eranna and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-12-08 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon, as a single-crystal semiconductor, has sparked a revolution in the field of electronics and touched nearly every field of science and technology. Though available abundantly as silica and in various other forms in nature, silicon is difficult to separate from its chemical compounds because of its reactivity. As a solid, silicon is chemically inert and stable, but growing it as a single crystal creates many technological challenges. Crystal Growth and Evaluation of Silicon for VLSI and ULSI is one of the first books to cover the systematic growth of silicon single crystals and the complete evaluation of silicon, from sand to useful wafers for device fabrication. Written for engineers and researchers working in semiconductor fabrication industries, this practical text: Describes different techniques used to grow silicon single crystals Explains how grown single-crystal ingots become a complete silicon wafer for integrated-circuit fabrication Reviews different methods to evaluate silicon wafers to determine suitability for device applications Analyzes silicon wafers in terms of resistivity and impurity concentration mapping Examines the effect of intentional and unintentional impurities Explores the defects found in regular silicon-crystal lattice Discusses silicon wafer preparation for VLSI and ULSI processing Crystal Growth and Evaluation of Silicon for VLSI and ULSI is an essential reference for different approaches to the selection of the basic silicon-containing compound, separation of silicon as metallurgical-grade pure silicon, subsequent purification, single-crystal growth, and defects and evaluation of the deviations within the grown crystals.
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by Michael J. O’Connell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since their discovery more than a decade ago, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have held scientists and engineers in captive fascination, seated on the verge of enormous breakthroughs in areas such as medicine, electronics, and materials science, to name but a few. Taking a broad look at CNTs and the tools used to study them, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications comprises the efforts of leading nanotube researchers led by Michael O’Connell, protégé of the late father of nanotechnology, Richard Smalley. Each chapter is a self-contained treatise on various aspects of CNT synthesis, characterization, modification, and applications. The book opens with a general introduction to the basic characteristics and the history of CNTs, followed by discussions on synthesis methods and the growth of “peapod” structures. Coverage then moves to electronic properties and band structures of single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs), magnetic properties, Raman spectroscopy of electronic and chemical behavior, and electromechanical properties and applications in NEMS (nanoelectromechanical systems). Turning to applications, the final sections of the book explore mechanical properties of SWNTs spun into fibers, sidewall functionalization in composites, and using SWNTs as tips for scanning probe microscopes. Taking a fresh look at this burgeoning field, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications points the way toward making CNTs commercially viable.
Download or read book Aircraft Electrical Systems written by E. H. J. Pallett and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
