Download or read book Status and Habitat Use of Columbian White tailed Deer in Douglas County Oregon written by Winston Paul Smith and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Revised Columbian White tailed Deer Recovery Plan written by Columbian White-Tailed Deer Recovery Team and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Relationships Between Columbian White tailed and Black tailed Deer in Southwest Oregon written by Lowell W. Whitney and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I examined ecological relationships and mechanisms of coexistence for sympatric populations of Columbian white-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus leucurus) and black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) in Douglas County, Oregon, from September 1997 to August 1998. Horseback transects were used to describe spatial distributions, population overlap, and habitat use for both species. Behavioral observations were conducted to examine intraspecific and interspecific social interactions. Diets were studied with microhistological analysis, and fecal nitrogen and neutral detergent fiber in fecal samples were used as indices of diet quality. Interspecific differences in foraging micro-site use and selection were investigated using vegetative surveys. Distribution patterns indicated that white-tailed and black-tailed deer maintained a degree spatial separation during most seasons, with spatial overlap ranging from 5 to 40% seasonally. White-tailed deer were more concentrated and tended to occur in the southern portions of the study area, which was characterized by lower elevations, more gradual slopes, and closer proximity to streams. Black-tailed deer were more wide ranging and tended to occur in the northern portions of the study area, which had higher elevations and greater topological relief. Coefficients of species association were negative suggesting that the species maintained spatial separation through mutual avoidance. In regions of population overlap, the species maintained separation by choosing different micro-sites in which to forage. Habitat use patterns were similar seasonally between white-tailed and black-tailed deer with overlap ranging from 89 to 96%. White-tailed deer used nearly all habitats available on the study area except those associated with conifers. They used oak-hardwood savanna shrub, open grassland, oak-hardwood savanna and riparian habitats the most. Black-tailed deer exhibited high use for open grassland and oak-hardwood savanna shrub habitats and lower use of all others. Columbian white-tailed and black-tailed deer exhibited strong seasonal similarities in diets with overlap ranging from 89 to 95%. White-tailed deer diets were dominated by forbs, shrubs, grasses, and other food sources (e.g., nuts, lichens). Columbian black-tailed deer diets were dominated mostly by forbs and other food sources. Seasonal diet diversity followed similar patterns for both species with the most diverse diets occurring in the fall and the least diverse diets in the spring. Detailed observation of behavioral interactions among white-tailed and black-tailed deer groups revealed that intraspecific interactions were more likely than interspecific interactions. Interactions among white-tailed deer groups were equally likely to be passive or active, while those among black-tailed groups were more likely to be passive. Interspecific interactions between white-tailed and black-tailed deer were infrequent. When they did occur, little aggression was observed and evidence of consistent dominance by either species was lacking. High overlap in habitat use and diets resulted in high trophic overlap (81 to 85% seasonally) between white-tailed and black-tailed deer; however, the low spatial overlap reduced the potential for exploitative competition between the species. High habitat heterogeneity on the study area created diverse niche characteristics that allowed white-tailed and black-tailed deer to have strong similarities in diets and habitat use, while coexisting. I hypothesized that the two species were competitively excluding each other.
Download or read book Habitat Use by Columbian White tailed Deer written by Lowell H. Suring and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biology and Management of White tailed Deer written by David G. Hewitt and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Wildlife Society Outstanding Edited Book Award for 2013! Winner of the Texas Chapter of The Wildlife Society Outstanding Book Award for 2011! Winner of a CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Award for 2011! Biology and Management of White-tailed Deer organizes and presents information on the most studied large mammal species in the world. The book covers the evolutionary history of the species, its anatomy, physiology, and nutrition, population dynamics, and ecology across its vast range (from central Canada through northern South America). The book then discusses the history of management of white-tailed deer, beginning with early Native Americans and progressing through management by Europeans and examining population lows in the early 1900s, restocking efforts through the mid 1900s, and recent, overabundant populations that are becoming difficult to manage in many areas. Features: Co-published with the Quality Deer Management Association Compiles valuable information for white-tailed deer enthusiasts, managers, and biologists Written by an authoritative author team from diverse backgrounds Integrates white-tailed deer biology and management into a single volume Provides a thorough treatment of white-tailed deer antler biology Includes downloadable resources with color images The backbone of many state wildlife management agencies' policies and a featured hunting species through much of their range, white-tailed deer are an important species ecologically, socially, and scientifically in most areas of North America. Highly adaptable and now living in close proximity to humans in many areas, white-tailed deer are both the face of nature and the source of conflict with motorists, home-owners, and agricultural producers. Capturing the diverse aspects of white-tailed deer research, Biology and Management of White-tailed Deer is a reflection of the resources invested in the study of the species’ effects on ecosystems, predator-prey dynamics, population regulation, foraging behavior, and browser physiology.
Download or read book Movements Habitat Associations and Survival of Columbian White tailed Deer in Western Oregon written by Mark A. Ricca and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Columbian white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus leucurus, CWTD) are a geographically isolated and federally endangered sub-species for which there is a paucity of recent ecological information. I described and examined sources of variation in spatial use patterns (i.e. home range, areas of concentrated use, and movements), habitat associations, and survival for adult and fawn CWTD in Douglas County, Oregon. I radio-collared and monitored 64 adult CWTD and 36 newborn fawn CWTD from ca. December 1995 - September 1998. Locations for adults were obtained from September 1996 - December 1998. Locations for fawns were obtained from June - September, 1997 - 1998. Spatial use estimates for adults tended to be variable among deer. Mean 95% fixed kernel home range size was 74.5 ha (CV = 83%), while areas of concentrated use averaged 8.5 ha (CV = 93%). The sexes appeared to be partitioning space because males had larger home ranges, areas of concentrated use (which are analogous to core areas), and movements than females. Deer inhabiting human-influenced areas (suburban deer) consistently exhibited smaller movements and used less space than those away from human influence (wild deer). Mean home range size, area of concentrated use size, and distance between successive locations was generally greatest in fall and lowest in winter. Site fidelity to seasonal home ranges and areas of concentrated use was lowest between fall-winter and summer-fall. Unexpectedly, size of home ranges and areas of concentrated use were positively correlated with cover type heterogeneity. Annual adult survival rates averaged 0.73. Neither annual survival rates nor functions differed by sex or type. Survival over the entire 3 year study was low (0.39). Most deer died in winter from a combination of emaciation and disease and generally were in poor body condition. Oak-hardwood woodland, riparian, and oak-hardwood savanna shrub were the most frequently used cover types. On an annual basis, the majority of deer (31%) selected riparian areas. The frequency of selection of all non-riparian cover types was
Download or read book General Technical Report PNW GTR written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Habitat Use and Activity Patterns of the Columbian White tailed Deer Along the Lower Columbia River written by Lowell H. Suring and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the life history, population dynamics, and ecological relationships of the Columbian white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginiarius leucurus) was conducted on the Washington mainland, Columbian White-tailed Deer National Wildlife Refuge during 1972-1973 to provide information for management of this endangered subspecies. A total of 18,077 observations of deer recorded during 213 morning and evening periods along two observation routes provided information concerning use of plant communities, activity, group composition, and sex and age structure. Detailed behavior observations were recorded during 25 morning and evening periods. Vegetation on the study area was categorized into five major community groupings of rush, thistle, grass, horsetail, and forest Deer were observed most often in those communities that provided both cover and forage. Communities providing forage without cover were most used where cover was adjacent. The population on the study area during the winter was estimated between 200 and 230 deer or one, deer per 3.4-3.9 hectares (one deer per 8.5-9.8 acres). A buck:doe:fawn ratio of 34:100:35 was calculated for November. Average group size of deer while grazing was 2.2 animals The major classification of group size throughout, the year was of single deer. Numbers of individuals within groups were highest during winter. Overt aggression between individuals was observed infrequently. Frequency of aggressive behavior was greatest during cold weather. Bucks were always dominant over does and fawns, and does were always dominant over fawns. Grazing was numerically the major activity observed. Deer grazed more and rested less in summer than during winter. Copulations may occur primarily at night. Home ranges of bucks were 1arger than those of does, and home ranges of yearlings were larger than those of adults. Average home range size of the Columbian white-tailed deer was smaller than that reported for other subspecies. Deer avoided close association with cattle and used those areas where cattle densities were lowest or where cattle were not present. Deer showed preference for improved pasture prior to introduction of cattle for seasonal grazing.
Download or read book Wildlife Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 1210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Umpqua River Basin Milltown Hill Project Dam and Reservoir Construction and Operation Elk Creek Subbasin Douglas County written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Topical Bibliography for the White tailed Deer Odocoileus Virginianus in Nine U S National Park Service Regions and Parts of Canada written by Jonathan E. Hoeldtke and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment and Management of Animal Damage in Pacific Northwest Forest written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Roseburg District Area Resource s Management Plan RMP written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book North Bank Habitat Management Area ACEC Oregon written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book For a 4 d Rule for the Conservation of the Northern Spotted Owl on Non federal Lands Environmental Alternatives Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Land Mammals of Oregon written by B. J. Verts and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive, up-to-date treatment of mammals of Oregon since Vernon Bailey's THE MAMMALS AND LIFE ZONES OF OREGON was published in 1936. This new book provides a basic reference to mammalian life in the northwestern U.S., with descriptions of 136 extant or recently extirpated species. 122 color and 36 b&w photos, 140 maps, 150 drawings.
Download or read book Journal of Mammalogy written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
