Download or read book Global Climatology and Ecodynamics written by Arthur Philip Cracknell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-04 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exclusive role of natural ecosystems is a key factor in the maintenance of the biospheric equilibrium. The current global crisis is largely caused by their dramatic decline by 43% in the past hundred years. Ignoring the immutable laws and limitations which determine the existence of all living things in the biosphere could lead humanity to an ecological catastrophe. This book presents the ecological, demographic, economic and socio-psychological manifestations of the global crisis and outlines the immutable laws and limitations which determine the existence of all living things in the biosphere. The authors are eminently qualified to write about the problems associated with the global crisis and consider the causes behind humanity's conflict with its environment. V. Danilov-Danilian, Associate of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russia's former Minister of the Environment, and K. Losev, professor at Moscow State university, are leading Russian ecologists and I. Reyf is a journalist who specializes in ecology and global development. Dr. Danilov-Danilian works on the economics of nature management, economic and mathematical model building, sustainable development theory and ecology. Dr Losev is the chief researcher and head of the division of the VINITI. All the authors have published numerous papers, articles and books on such subjects as glaciology, hydrology, environment studies, global change and sustainable development.

Download or read book Theoretical Fundamentals of Atmospheric Optics written by Yu. M. Timofeyev and published by Cambridge Int Science Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes the theoretical fundamentals of atmospheric optics as a science of propagation, transformation and generation of electromagnetic radiation in the atmosphere from ultraviolet to microwave radiation. The main characteristics of the planets of the solar system and their atmospheres are given. The equation of the transfer of radiation in different spectral ranges, absorption of radiation by atmospheric gases and aerosol, molecular, aerosol and other types of nonresonant scattering, atmospheric refraction, reflection of radiation from the surface, and glow of the atmosphere are discussed. Methods of calculating radiation for the solar and thermal range of the spectrum are outlined. Problems of radiation energetics and remote probing of the atmosphere are discussed. 1. Solar system: planets and the Sun 2. Earth's atmosphere 3. Propagation of radiation in atmosphere 4. Molecular absorption in atmosphere 5. Scattering of light in atmosphere 6. Optical properties of underlying surfaces 7. Fundamentals of theory of transfer of natural radiation of atmosphere 8. Main concepts of theory of transfer of solar radiation 9. Radiation energetics of the atmosphereunderlying suface system 10. Radiation as a source of information on optical and physical parameters of planet atmospheres

Download or read book The Cumulative Book Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 2168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A world list of books in the English language.

Download or read book Nonlinear Physical Oceanography written by Henk A. Dijkstra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-16 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taken from a review of the first edition in SIAM: "This text is different from most others in that it combines several different disciplines and draws on many scientific studies in order to deduce mechanisms of ocean circulation. (...) Therefore (it) cannot be substituted, and (...) it meets its unique goals with clarity and thoroughness".

Download or read book Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation written by H.R. Pruppacher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-12-31 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cloud physics has achieved such a voluminous literature over the past few decades that a significant quantitative study of the entire field would prove unwieldy. This book concentrates on one major aspect: cloud microphysics, which involves the processes that lead to the formation of individual cloud and precipitation particles. Common practice has shown that one may distinguish among the following addi tional major aspects: cloud dynamics, which is concerned with the physics respon sible for the macroscopic features of clouds; cloud electricity, which deals with the electrical structure of clouds and the electrification processes of cloud and precipi tation particles; and cloud optics and radar meteorology, which describe the effects of electromagnetic waves interacting with clouds and precipitation. Another field intimately related to cloud physics is atmospheric chemistry, which involves the chemical composition ofthe atmosphere and the life cycle and characteristics of its gaseous and particulate constituents. In view of the natural interdependence of the various aspects of cloud physics, the subject of microphysics cannot be discussed very meaningfully out of context. Therefore, we have found it necessary to touch briefly upon a few simple and basic concepts of cloud dynamics and thermodynamics, and to provide an account of the major characteristics of atmospheric aerosol particles. We have also included a separate chapter on some of the effects of electric fields and charges on the precipitation-forming processes.

Download or read book Short Wave Solar Radiation in the Earth s Atmosphere written by Irina N. Melnikova and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-08-29 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on data from an experiment which ran for ten years, this book summarizes the results of the Atmospheric Physics Department of the St. Petersburg University and the Main Geophysical Observatory. The processed data now forms a rich dataset of spectral values of radiative characteristics under different atmospheric conditions. The analysis of this database clearly shows that the solar radiative absorption in a dusty and cloudy atmosphere is significantly higher than assumed to date. Both graduate students of atmospheric sciences as well as scientists and researchers in the field of meteorology and climatology will find a wealth of new data and information in this monograph.

Download or read book Advances in Atmospheric Remote Sensing with Lidar written by Albert Ansmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lidar or laser radar, the depth-resolved remote measurement of atmospheric parameters with optical means, has become an important tool in the field of atmospheric and environmental remote sensing. In this volume the latest progress in the development of Lidar methods, experiments, and applications is described. The content is based on selected and thoroughly refereed papers presented at the 18th International Laser Radar Conference, Berlin, 22 - 26 July 1996. The book is divided into six parts which cover the topics of tropospheric aerosols and clouds, Lidar in space, wind, water vapor, troposheric trace gases and plumes, and stratospheric and mesospheric profiling. As a supplement to fundamental LIDAR textbooks this volume may serve as a guide through the blossoming field of modern Lidar techniques.

Download or read book Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerosols written by V. Alexander STEFAN, Editor and published by Stefan University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cloud Optics written by Alexander A. Kokhanovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-25 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clouds affect the climate of the Earth, and they are an important factor in the weather. Therefore, their radiative properties must be understood in great detail. This book summarizes current knowledge on cloud optical properties, for example their ability to absorb, transmit, and reflect light, which depends on the clouds’ geometrical and microphysical characteristics such as sizes of droplets and crystals, their shapes, and structures. In addition, problems related to the image transfer through clouds and cloud remote sensing are addressed in this book in great detail. This book can be an important source of information on theoretical cloud optics for cloud physicists, meteorologists and optical engineers. All basic ideas of optics as related to scattering of light in clouds (e.g. Mie theory and radiative transfer) are considered in a self consistent way. Consequently, the book can also be a useful textbook to newcomers to the field.

Download or read book Rotating Hydraulics written by Lawrence L.J. Pratt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-26 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book thoroughly covers the development of the theory of rotating hydraulics, making frequent use of supporting laboratory models and observational data. The need to understand rotating hydraulic phenomena is growing as general interest in climate and global circulation is continuously increasing. The book details cutting-edge research and includes many exercises.

Download or read book WMO Bulletin written by World Meteorological Organization and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applications of Seasonal Climate Forecasting in Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems written by Graeme L. Hammer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate variability has major impacts in many parts of the world, including Australia. Developments in understanding of the El Niño - Southern Oscillation Phenomenon have introduced some skill in seasonal to inter-annual climate forecasting. Can this skill be harnessed to advantage? Or do we just continue to observe these impacts? How does a decision-maker managing an agricultural or natural ecosystem modify decisions in response to a skillful, but imprecise, seasonal climate forecast? Using Australian experience as a basis, this book focuses on these questions in pursuing means to better manage climate risks. The state of the science in climate forecasting is reviewed before considering detailed examples of applications to: farm scale agricultural decisions (such as management of cropping and grazing systems); regional and national scale agricultural decisions (such as commodity trading and government policy); and natural systems (such as water resources, pests and diseases, and natural fauna). Many of the examples highlight the participatory and inter-disciplinary approach required among decision-makers, resource systems scientists/analysts, and climate scientists to bring about the effective applications. The experiences discussed provide valuable insights beyond the geographical and disciplinary focus of this book. The book is ideally suited to professionals and postgraduate students in ecology, agricultural climatology, environmental planning, and climate science.

Download or read book Carbonaceous Aerosol written by András Gelencsér and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-28 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of carbonaceous aerosol has only recently emerged from atmospheric pollution studies; even standard nomenclature and terminology are still unsettled. This monograph is the first to offer comprehensive coverage of the nature and atmospheric role of carbonaceous aerosol particles. Atmospheric chemists, physicists, meteorologists, and modellers will find this a thought-inspiring and sometimes provocative overview of all global phenomena affected by or related to carbonaceous aerosol.

Download or read book Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2 000 Years written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-05 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to a request from Congress, Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years assesses the state of scientific efforts to reconstruct surface temperature records for Earth during approximately the last 2,000 years and the implications of these efforts for our understanding of global climate change. Because widespread, reliable temperature records are available only for the last 150 years, scientists estimate temperatures in the more distant past by analyzing "proxy evidence," which includes tree rings, corals, ocean and lake sediments, cave deposits, ice cores, boreholes, and glaciers. Starting in the late 1990s, scientists began using sophisticated methods to combine proxy evidence from many different locations in an effort to estimate surface temperature changes during the last few hundred to few thousand years. This book is an important resource in helping to understand the intricacies of global climate change.

Download or read book Light Absorption in Sea Water written by Bogdian Wozniak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed description of light absorption and absorbents in seawaters with respect to provenance, region of the sea, depth of the occurrence and trophicity. The text is based on a substantial body of contemporary research results taken from the subject literature (over 400 references) and the work of the authors over a period of 30 years.

Download or read book Monsoons over China written by Ding Yihui and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The monsoon over China is one of the major components of the general circulation on a global basis. Its activity be ars a significant regional implication in East Asia and Southeast Asia. Recently, the remarkable relationship and teleconnection between this part of the monsoon and other regions over the world have been revealed. However, little of the overall picture of monsoons over China is known by meteorologists in English-speaking countries. This monograph provides the first opportunity to extensively introduce this subject and give a comprehensive and systematic description of the major aspects of monsoons over China, with a special emphasis on the fluctuations of the monsoon on various scales and the effects of the Tibetan Plateau on the monsoon. Much highly original material and achievements Chinese and Western meteorologists have made from the past 20 years have been incorporated with a unifying approach. In each chapter, the observational and theoretical (including modelling) treatment will be closely combined in order to fully illustrate the relevent problems. The unique thermal and dynamical effects of the Tibetan Plateau on the monsoon circulation features wh ich are one of the central problems of the Asian monsoon are highlights of this monograph. Researchers in meteorology and weather forecasters should find this book a very useful introduction to monsoons over China, not only for its systematic treatment of the subject, but also because of its considerable historical information. This mono graph is equally suitable for graduates or more advanced students in meteorology, hydrology, and oceanography.