Download or read book State and Ideology in the Middle East and Pakistan written by Fred Halliday and published by MacMillan. This book was released on 1988 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foreign Policy of an Ideological State written by Aparna Pande and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This dissertation investigates the underlying principles of Pakistan's foreign policy from 1947 until the present day. It shows how fear and insecurity vis-à-vis 'Hindu' India was at the heart of Pakistan's ideology-based identity. Right from its inception as a separate state Pakistan's foreign policy focused on 'seeking parity' with India and 'escaping' from an Indian South Asian identity. An ideology-based Islamic Pakistani identity was crafted in order to counter the existential threat from India and to foster an identity separate from the common civilizational identity shared by Hindus and Muslims in the sub-continent. That emphasis on ideology subsumed the ethnic and linguistic differences within Pakistan. The assertion of an Islamic Middle Eastern identity also played a vital role in constructing a separate Pakistani identity. The desire to achieve panty with a much larger neighbor, India, led Pakistan to seek the assistance and support of allies. Pakistan's relationship with the United States has been based on Pakistani hope that American aid -- both military and economic -- would bolster Pakistan's meager resources in countering Indian economic and military might. Often disillusioned by the Americans, Pakistan's rulers came to see China as the ideal ally: one who has an antagonistic relationship with 'Hindu' India and who is powerful enough to aid Pakistan, both economically and militarily. Perceiving a perennial threat on its eastern frontier with India, Pakistan sought support and strength on its western border from fellow Muslim country, Afghanistan. However, a disputed border with that country, Pashtun irredentism that spilled over that border, and closer ties between Afghanistan and India led Pakistan to fear encirclement by its two neighbors. Over the decades, therefore, Pakistan developed diplomatic, economic and military ties with countries in the greater Muslim world, especially the Arab Middle East. At the center of these relationships is the strong belief held by a succession of Pakistani governments that only ideologically similar countries will prove to be Pakistan's longterm allies in its conflict with Hindu India.
Download or read book Reimagining Pakistan written by Husain Haqqani and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2018-04-09 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salman Rushdie once described Pakistan as a 'poorly imagined country'. Indeed, Pakistan has meant different things to different people since its birth seventy years ago. Armed with nuclear weapons and dominated by the military and militants, it is variously described around the world as 'dangerous', 'unstable', 'a terrorist incubator' and 'the land of the intolerant'. Much of Pakistan's dysfunction is attributable to an ideology tied to religion and to hostility with the country out of which it was carved out -- India. But 95 per cent of Pakistan's 210 million people were born after Partition, as Pakistanis, and cannot easily give up on their home. In his new book, Husain Haqqani, one of the most important commentators on Pakistan in the world today, calls for a bold re-conceptualization of the country. Reimagining Pakistan offers a candid discussion of Pakistan's origins and its current failings, with suggestions for reconsidering its ideology, and identifies a national purpose greater than the rivalry with India.
Download or read book Muslim Zion written by Faisal Devji and published by Hurst Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published: London: C.Hurst & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 2013.
Download or read book The Ideological Struggle for Pakistan written by Ziad Haider and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its inception in 1947, the idea of Pakistan has been a contested one. Today, Pakistan faces a militant Islamist threat that its elected government is trying to combat in fractious collaboration with the army. As the country finds itself on the defensive against an array of groups claiming to wave the banner of Islam, it must counter their ideology decisively. This assessment of the struggle for Pakistan’s identity, from its birth to the present day, provides a political and cultural understanding of the role and use of Islam in Pakistan’s evolution. Author Ziad Haider, a Pakistani scholar, shows clearly how Pakistan’s viability as a state depends in large part on its ability to develop a new and progressive Islamic narrative. He identifies the key questions: How can religion in Pakistan be channeled as a force for progressive change, and what form should an enabling narrative of Islam in Pakistan assume? As the United States becomes more involved in Afghanistan and Pakistan, we shall need deeper understanding of both countries. This portrait of Pakistan is a valuable contribution to that endeavor. Zaid Haider is a Zuckerman Fellow and a MPA/JD candidate at the Harvard Kennedy School and the Georgetown University Law Center.
Download or read book In a Pure Muslim Land written by Simon Wolfgang Fuchs and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2019-03-05 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Centering Pakistan in a story of transnational Islam stretching from South Asia to the Middle East, Simon Wolfgang Fuchs offers the first in-depth ethnographic history of the intellectual production of Shi'is and their religious competitors in this "Land of the Pure." The notion of Pakistan as the pinnacle of modern global Muslim aspiration forms a crucial component of this story. It has empowered Shi'is, who form about twenty percent of the country's population, to advance alternative conceptions of their religious hierarchy while claiming the support of towering grand ayatollahs in Iran and Iraq. Fuchs shows how popular Pakistani preachers and scholars have boldly tapped into the esoteric potential of Shi'ism, occupying a creative and at times disruptive role as brokers, translators, and self-confident pioneers of contemporary Islamic thought. They have indigenized the Iranian Revolution and formulated their own ideas for fulfilling the original promise of Pakistan. Challenging typical views of Pakistan as a mere Shi'i backwater, Fuchs argues that its complex religious landscape represents how a local, South Asian Islam may open up space for new intellectual contributions to global Islam. Yet religious ideology has also turned Pakistan into a deadly battlefield: sectarian groups since the 1980s have been bent on excluding Shi'is as harmful to their own vision of an exemplary Islamic state.
Download or read book Political Survival in Pakistan written by Anas Malik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-10-22 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a framework that incorporates macro-level forces into micro-level strategic calculations, this book explains key political choices by leaders and challengers in Pakistan through the political survival mechanism. It offers an explanation for continuing polity weakness in the country, and describes how political survival shapes the choices made by the leaders and challengers. Using a unique analysis that synthesizes theories of weak states, quasi-states and political survival, the book extends beyond rationalist accounts and the application of choice-theoretical approaches to developing countries. It challenges the focus on ideology and suggests that diverse, religiously and ethnically-defined affinity groups have interests that are represented in particular ways in weak state circumstances. Extensive interviews with decision-makers and polity-participants, combined with narrative accounts, allow the author to examine decision-making by leaders in a state bureaucratic machinery context as well as the complex mechanisms by which dissident affinity groups may support ‘quasi-state’ options. This study can be used for comparisons in Islamic contexts, and presents an interesting contribution to studies on South Asia as well as Political Development.
Download or read book The international politics of the Middle East written by Raymond Hinnebusch and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-19 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This text aims to fill a gap in the field of Middle Eastern political studies by combining international relations theory with concrete case studies. It begins with an overview of the rules and features of the Middle East regional system—the arena in which the local states, including Egypt, Turkey, Iran, Israel and the Arab states of Syria, Jordan and Iraq, operate. The book goes on to analyse foreign-policy-making in key states, illustrating how systemic determinants constrain this policy-making, and how these constraints are dealt with in distinctive ways depending on the particular domestic features of the individual states. Finally, it goes on to look at the outcomes of state policies by examining several major conflicts including the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Gulf War, and the system of regional alignment. The study assesses the impact of international penetration in the region, including the historic reasons behind the formation of the regional state system. It also analyses the continued role of external great powers, such as the United States and the former Soviet Union, and explains the process by which the region has become incorporated into the global capitalist market.
Download or read book Politics of Social Change written by Manfred Halpern and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author, analyzing major social groups in this area, treats particularly the "new middle class," a group socially isolated from the traditional life of Islam and committed to a wide-ranging modernizing impulse. Originally published in 1963. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Life as Politics written by Asef Bayat and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to 2011, popular imagination perceived the Muslim Middle East as unchanging and unchangeable, frozen in its own traditions and history. In Life as Politics, Asef Bayat argues that such presumptions fail to recognize the routine, yet important, ways in which ordinary people make meaningful change through everyday actions. First published just months before the Arab Spring swept across the region, this timely and prophetic book sheds light on the ongoing acts of protest, practice, and direct daily action. The second edition includes three new chapters on the Arab Spring and Iran's Green Movement and is fully updated to reflect recent events. At heart, the book remains a study of agency in times of constraint. In addition to ongoing protests, millions of people across the Middle East are effecting transformation through the discovery and creation of new social spaces within which to make their claims heard. This eye-opening book makes an important contribution to global debates over the meaning of social movements and the dynamics of social change.
Download or read book Pakistan and the Muslim World written by Mathew Joseph C. and published by K W Publishers Pvt Limited. This book was released on 2019 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers presented at an international seminar on the theme Pakistan and the Muslim World, organized by UGC-Centre for Pakistan Studies, held at MMAJ Academy of International Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi during March 15-16, 2012.
Download or read book The Idea of Pakistan written by Stephen P. Cohen and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004-09-21 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years Pakistan has emerged as a strategic player on the world stage—both as a potential rogue state armed with nuclear weapons and as an American ally in the war against terrorism. But our understanding of this country is superficial. To probe beyond the headlines, Stephen Cohen, author of the prize-winning India: Emerging Power, offers a panoramic portrait of this complex country—from its origins as a homeland for Indian Muslims to a militarydominated state that has experienced uneven economic growth, political chaos, sectarian violence, and several nuclear crises with its much larger neighbor, India. Pakistan's future is uncertain. Can it fulfill its promise of joining the community of nations as a moderate Islamic state, at peace with its neighbors, or could it dissolve completely into a failed state, spewing out terrorists and nuclear weapons in several directions? The Idea of Pakistan will be an essential tool for understanding this critically important country.
Download or read book Women Islam and the State written by Deniz Kandiyoti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political projects of modern nation-states, the specificities of their nationalist histories and the positioning of Islam vis-a-vis diverse nationalisms are addressed in this volume with respect to their implications and consequences for women through a series of case studies.
Download or read book Delusional States written by Nosheen Ali and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-30 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Delusional States: Feeling Rule and Development in Pakistan's Northern Frontier is the first in-depth study of state power and social struggle in Gilgit-Baltistan - the only Shia-majority region of Sunni-dominated Pakistan and a contested border zone that forms part of disputed Kashmir. For seven decades, the political conflict over Kashmir has locked India and Pakistan in brutal wars and hate-centered nationalisms. This book illuminates how within this story of hate lie other stories - of love and betrayal, loyalty and suspicion, and beauty and terror. Placing these emotionalities at the centre of its analysis, Delusional States rethinks the state–citizen relation in deeply felt and intimate terms, offering a fine-grained ethnographic analysis of power and subjection in contemporary Pakistan. A powerful contribution to studies of state-making and Muslim sociality in South Asia, the book additionally offers distinct theoretical insights in the fields of social movements, political ecology, education, and global development studies.
Download or read book Arabism and Islam written by Christine M. Helms and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1991 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1980s, Islamic activists in the Arab Middle East have challenged the definition of "legitimate authority" and provided the means and rationale for revolutionary change, hoping to pressure established governments to alter domestic and foreign policies. No nation-state has been immune. Fearful Arab nationalist leaders, unwilling or unable to abandon decades of ideological baggage, have begun a gradual, if erratic, process of melding the spirit and letter of Islamic precepts into existing national laws and political rhetoric. Whether it is adequate to the challenge, the state nevertheless bears the onus of accommodation, because Islam and Arabism will not soon disappear. They will assume new form and substance in the changing realities of the region. Dilemmas inherent to this century and the gauntlet delivered to hitherto unquestioned political caveats will continue to exacerbate the competition between Islam and Arabism, their quest for political platforms and supporters, and the credibility of all other claimants, including the state. Visions of the future, especially when they are sacred and apocalyptic, can never be entirely freed of historical, emotive baggage. Even if Islamic political activism and pan-Arabism diminish in their intensity, they will endure as subtle, formative forces in all aspects of life. Indigenous inhabitants are fully aware that these influences have profound resonance in their lives. At the same time, these forces act like invisible sentinels in the mind, standing ready to cast a long shadow as unconscious motivators of political behavior. Sections are as follows: Declaration of Crisis; Pluralism: Minorities in the Arab World; Stateless Nations and Nationless States: Twentieth Century Disunity; Search for Unity: An Arab Sunni Core; Arabs and Non-Arabs: The Myth of Equality; Fatal Wounds: Universal Islam Takes the Offensive; and The State: Visionary Futures.
Download or read book Islam and Pakistan s Political Culture written by Farhan Mujahid Chak and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-04 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the ideological rivalry which is fuelling political instability in Muslim polities, discussing this in relation to Pakistan. It argues that the principal dilemma for Muslim polities is how to reconcile modernity and tradition. It discusses existing scholarship on the subject, outlines how Muslim political thought and political culture have developed over time, and then relates all this to Pakistan’s political evolution, present political culture, and growing instability. The book concludes that traditionalist and secularist approaches to reconciling modernity and tradition have not succeeded, and have in fact led to instability, and that a revivalist approach is more likely to be successful.
Download or read book Islam and Religious Change in Pakistan written by Saadia Sumbal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history of, and the contestations on, Islam and the nature of religious change in 20th century Pakistan, focusing in particular on movements of Islamic reform and revival. This book is the first to bring the different facets of Islam, particularly Islamic reformism and shrine-oriented traditions, together within the confines of a single study ranging from the colonial to post-colonial era. Using a rich corpus of Urdu and Arabic material including biographical accounts, Sufi discourses (malfuzat), letter collections, polemics and unexplored archival sources, the author investigates how Islamic reformism and shrine-oriented religiosity interacted with one another in the post-colonial state of Pakistan. Focusing on the district of Mianwali in Pakistani northwestern Punjab, the book demonstrates how reformist ideas could only effectively find space to permeate after accommodating Sufi thoughts and practices; the text-based religious identity coalesced with overlapped traditional religious rituals and practices. The book proceeds to show how reformist Islam became the principal determinant of Islamic identity in the post-colonial state of Pakistan and how one of its defining effects was the hardening of religious boundaries. Challenging the approach of viewing the contestation between reformist and shrine-oriented Islam through the lens of binaries modern/traditional and moderate/extremist, this book makes an important contribution to the field of South Asian religion and Islam in modern South Asia.
