Download or read book Standard Guide for Evaluating Disposal Options for Concrete from Nuclear Facility Decommissioning written by ASTM International and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ASTM STANDARD GUIDE FOR EVALUATING DISPOSAL OPTIONS FOR REUSE OF CONCRETE FROM NUCLEAR FACILITY DECOMMISSIONING written by Richard H. Meservey and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the nuclear industry, many contaminated facilities that require decommissioning contain huge volumes of concrete. This concrete is generally disposed of as low-level waste at a high cost. Much of the concrete is lightly contaminated and could be reused as roadbed, fill material, or aggregate for new concrete, thus saving millions of dollars. However, because of the possibility of volumetric contamination and the lack of a method to evaluate the risks and costs of reusing concrete, reuse is rarely considered. To address this problem, Argonne National Laboratory-East (ANL-E) and the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory teamed to write a ''concrete protocol'' to help evaluate the ramifications of reusing concrete within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This document, titled the Protocol for Development of Authorized Release Limits for Concrete at U.S. Department of Energy Site (1) is based on ANL-E's previously developed scrap metal recycle protocols; on the 10-step method outlined in DOE's draft handbook, Controlling Release for Reuse or Recycle of Property Containing Residual Radioactive Material (2); and on DOE Order 4500.5, Radiation Protection of the Public and the Environment (3). The DOE concrete protocol was the basis for the ASTM Standard Guide for Evaluating Disposal Options for Concrete from Nuclear Facility Decommissioning, which was written to make the information available to a wider audience outside DOE. The resulting ASTM Standard Guide is a more concise version that can be used by the nuclear industry worldwide to evaluate the risks and costs of reusing concrete from nuclear facility decommissioning. The bulk of the ASTM Standard Guide focuses on evaluating the dose and cost for each disposal option. The user calculates these from the detailed formulas and tabulated data provided, then compares the dose and cost for each disposal option to select the best option that meets regulatory requirements. With this information, the reuse of concrete may be possible, thus reducing dose and decontamination and decommissioning costs. This paper outlines ten steps required to release concrete for reuse and discusses the disposal options covered in the ASTM Standard Guide.
Download or read book Annual Book of ASTM Standards written by ASTM International and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Decommissioning Case Studies Characterization Waste Management Reuse and Recycle written by Michele Laraia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-07-20 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approx.458 pagesApprox.458 pages
Download or read book Sustainability of Life Cycle Management for Nuclear Cementation Based Technologies written by Rehab O. Abdel Rahman and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-25 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainability of Life Cycle Management for Nuclear Cementation-Based Technologies, edited by Dr. Rahman and Dr. Ojovan, presents the latest knowledge and research on the management of cementitious systems within nuclear power plants. The book covers aging, development and updates on regulatory frameworks on a global scale, the development of cementitious systems for the immobilization of problematic wastes, and the decommissioning and decontamination of complex cementitious systems. The book's editors and their team of experts combine their practical knowledge to provide the reader with a thorough understanding on the sustainability of lifecycle management of cementitious systems within the nuclear industry. Sections provide a comparative tool that presents national regulations concerning cementitious systems within nuclear power plants, check international and national evaluation results of the sustainability of different systems, help in the development of performance test procedures, and provide a guide on aging nuclear power plants and the long-term behavior of these systems in active and passive safety environments. - Presents the latest information on the behavior of different cementitious systems used in the nuclear industry in one comprehensive resource - Includes scientific justifications of system behavior during the design, operation, maintenance and decommissioning phases - Aids the reader in the development of evaluation tests for problematic wastes
Download or read book Annual Book of ASTM Standards written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 1668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Facilities Decommissioning written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dismantling of Contaminated Stacks at Nuclear Facilities written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly all nuclear installations utilize stacks to discharge ventilation air as well as gases and fumes from contaminated areas. Over a service lifetime, stacks may become contaminated as the result of deposition of radioactive substances, such as aerosols on stack surfaces. In the longer term, this is a serious decommissioning issue.
Download or read book The Disposition Dilemma written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-05-13 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) and its predecessor, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), have attempted since the 1970s to give greater uniformity to the policy and regulatory framework that addresses the disposition of slightly radioactive solid material. The issue remains unresolved and controversial. The USNRC has tried to issue policy statements and standards for the release of slightly radioactive solid material from regulatory control, while such material has been released and continues to be released under existing practices. In 1980 the USNRC proposed regulatory changes to deregulate contaminated metal alloys but withdrew them in 1986 and began work with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop more broadly applicable federal guidance. In 1990 the USNRC issued a more sweeping policy, as directed by the Low Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 (LLWPAA), declaring materials with low concentrations of radioactivity contamination "below regulatory concern" (BRC) and hence deregulated. Congress intervened to set aside the BRC policy in the Energy Policy Act of 1992, after the USNRC's own suspension of the policy. Subsequent attempts by USNRC staff to build consensus among stakeholder groups as a basis for future policy articulations were met by boycotts of stakeholder meetings, both in the immediate aftermath of the BRC policy and again in 1999 during public hearings on a new examination of the disposition of such materials. The only USNRC standard addressing the disposition of slightly radioactive solid material is a guidance document published in June 1974 by the AEC, whose regulatory authority over civilian nuclear facilities the USNRC assumed upon its creation a few months later in January 1975. In August 2000, with another examination of this issue under way, the USNRC requested that the National Research Council form a committee to provide advice in a written report. The National Research Council established the Committee on Alternatives for Controlling the Release of Solid Materials from Nuclear Regulatory Commission-Licensed Facilities to address this task. The committee's task involved evaluating and providing recommendations on the history of the technical bases and policies and precedents for managing slightly radioactive solid material from USNRC-licensed facilities; the sufficiency of technical bases needed to establish standards for release of solid materials from regulatory control ("clearance standards") and the adequacy of measurement technologies; the concerns of stakeholders and how the USNRC should incorporate them; and the efforts of international organizations on clearance standards. The committee was also asked to examine the current system for release of slightly radioactive solid material from regulatory control, to recommend whether the USNRC should continue to use this system and to recommend changes if appropriate. The committee's fact-finding process included two site visits to waste brokering facilities and nearly 40 invited presentations from the USNRC, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and EPA staff; stakeholder organizations; nuclear industry organizations; and other interested parties. In conducting its study, the committee first examined the current system of standards, guidance, and practices used by the USNRC and agreement states to determine whether to release slightly radioactive solid material from further regulatory control under the Atomic Energy Act. The committee found that the current, workable system allows licensees to release material according to pre-established criteria but contains inconsistencies such that nuclear reactor licensees can release materials only if there is no detectable radioactivity (above background levels), whereas materials licensees can do so if small detectable levels are found. The committee evaluated technical analyses of the estimated doses of the final disposition of slightly radioactive solid materials. These analyses were conducted by federal agencies and international organizations, including the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the European Commission, and other groups. The Disposition Dilemma:Controlling the Release of Solid Materials from Nuclear Regulatory Commission-Licensed Facilities explains the committee's findings and recommendations.
Download or read book Protocols for Authorized Release of Concrete written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of the clean or slightly contaminated concrete from Decontamination and Decommissioning (D & D) activities could be re-used. Currently, there is no standardized approach, or protocol, for managing the disposition of such materials. Namely, all potential disposition options for concrete, including authorized release for re-use, are generally not fully evaluated in D & D projects, so large quantities have been unduly disposed of as low-level radioactive waste. As a result, costs of D & D have become prohibitively high, hindering expedient cleanup of surplus facilities. The ability to evaluate and implement the option of authorized release of concrete from demolition would result in significant cost savings, while maintaining protection of environmental health and safety, across the Department of Energy (DOE) complex. The Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), Argonne National Laboratory East (ANL-E), and Vanderbilt University have teamed to develop a protocol for the authorized release of concrete, based on the existing DOE guidance of Order 5400.5, that applies across the DOE complex. The protocol will provide a streamlined method for assessing risks and costs, and reaching optimal disposal options, including re-use of the concrete within the DOE system.
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 2014-02 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Decommissioning Handbook written by Anibal Taboas and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Reports Series written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 1118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Standard Guide for Preparing Waste Management Plans for Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design Lessons Drawn from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when many older facilities are being decommissioned and many more are undergoing major retrofits to extend their lives, there is a wealth of information emerging to guide the design of new facilities. In this publication, the most important lessons learned in recent years are examined.
Download or read book Federal Register Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Decommissioning and Decontamination Requirements for Closing Nuclear Facilities written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources Subcommittee and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
