Download or read book Spontaneous Formation of Space Time Structures and Criticality written by T. Riste and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of a NATO Advanced study Institute held at Geilo, Norway between 2 - 12 april 1991. This institute was the eleventh in a series held biannually at Geilo on the subject of phase transitions. It was intended to capture the latest ideas on selforgan ized patterns and criticality. The Institute brought together many lecturers, students and active re searchers in the field from a wide range of NATO and non-NATO countries. The main financial support came from the NATO scientific Affairs Divi sion, but additional support was obtained from the Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities (NAVF) and Institutt for energi teknikk. The organizers would like to thank all these contributors for their help in promoting an exciting and rewarding meeting, and in doing so are confident that they echo the appreciation of all the parti cipants. In cooperative, equilibrium systems, physical states are described by spatio-temporal correlation functions. The intimate connection between space and time correlations is especially apparent at the critical point, the second order phase transition, where the spatial range and the decay time of the correlation function both become infinite. The salient features of critical phenomena and the history of the devel opment of this field of science are treated in the first chapter of this book.
Download or read book Self Organised Criticality written by Gunnar Pruessner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of results and methods, written for graduates and researchers in physics, mathematics, biology, sociology, finance, medicine and engineering.
Download or read book Chaos Dynamics and Fractals written by Joseph L. McCauley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops deterministic chaos and fractals from the standpoint of iterated maps, but the emphasis makes it very different from all other books in the field. It provides the reader with an introduction to more recent developments, such as weak universality, multifractals, and shadowing, as well as to older subjects like universal critical exponents, devil's staircases and the Farey tree. The author uses a fully discrete method, a 'theoretical computer arithmetic', because finite (but not fixed) precision cannot be avoided in computation or experiment. This leads to a more general formulation in terms of symbolic dynamics and to the idea of weak universality. The connection is made with Turing's ideas of computable numbers and it is explained why the continuum approach leads to predictions that are not necessarily realized in computation or in nature, whereas the discrete approach yields all possible histograms that can be observed or computed.
Download or read book Earthquake Thermodynamics and Phase Transformation in the Earth s Interior written by Roman Teisseyre and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-10-19 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A group of distinguished scientists contributes to the foundations of a new discipline in Earth sciences: earthquake thermodynamics and thermodynamics of formation of the Earth's interior structures. The predictive powers of thermodynamics are so great that those aspiring to model earthquake and the Earth's interior will certainly wish to be able to use the theory. Thermodynamics is our only method of understanding and predicting the behavior of many environmental, atmospheric, and geological processes. The need for Earth scientists to develop a functional knowledge of thermodynamic concepts and methodology is therefore urgent. Sources of an entropy increase the dissipative and self-organizing systems driving the evolution and dynamics of the Universe and Earth through irreversible processes. The non-linear interactions lead to the formation of fractal structures. From the structural phase transformations the important interior boundaries emerge.Non-linear interactions between the defects in solids lead the authors to develop the physics of continua with a dense distribution of defects. Disclinations and dislocations interact during a slow evolution as well as during rapid dynamic events, like earthquakes. Splitting the dynamic processes into the 2D fault done and 3D surrounding space brings a new tool for describing the slip nucleation and propagation along the earthquake faults. Seismic efficiency, rupture velocity, and complexity of seismic source zone are considered from different points of view, fracture band earthquake model is developed on the basis of thermodynamics of line defects, like dislocations. Earthquake thermodynamics offers us a microscopic model of earthquake sources.Physics of defects helps the authors decscribe and explain a number of precursory phenomena caused by the buildup of stresses. Anomalies in electric polarization and electromagnetic radiation prior to earthquakes are considered from this point of view. Through the thermodynamic approach, the authors arrive at the fascinating question of posssibility of earthquake prediction. In general, the Earth is considered here as a multicomponent system. Transport phenomena as well as wave propagation and shock waves are considered in this system subjected also to chemical and phase transformations.
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Phenomena in Natural Sciences written by Didier Sornette and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A modern up-to-date introduction for readers outside statistical physics. It puts emphasis on a clear understanding of concepts and methods and provides the tools that can be of immediate use in applications.
Download or read book Complexity of Seismic Time Series written by Tamaz Chelidze and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-05-21 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complexity of Seismic Time Series: Measurement and Application applies the tools of nonlinear dynamics to seismic analysis, allowing for the revelation of new details in micro-seismicity, new perspectives in seismic noise, and new tools for prediction of seismic events. The book summarizes both advances and applications in the field, thus meeting the needs of both fundamental and practical seismology. Merging the needs of the classical field and the very modern terms of complexity science, this book covers theory and its application to advanced nonlinear time series tools to investigate Earth’s vibrations, making it a valuable tool for seismologists, hazard managers and engineers. Covers the topic of Earth’s vibrations involving many different aspects of theoretical and observational seismology Identifies applications of advanced nonlinear time series tools for the characterization of these Earth’s signals Merges the needs of geophysics with the applications of complexity theory Describes different methodologies to analyze problems, not only in the context of geosciences, but also those associated with different complex systems across disciplines
Download or read book Pattern Formation In Complex Dissipative Systems Fluid Patterns Liquid Crystals Chemical Reactions written by S Kai and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1992-09-15 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, the problems of pattern formation in physics, chemistry and other related fields in complex and nonlinear dissipative systems are studied. Main subjects discussed are formation mechanisms, properties, statistics, characterization and dynamics of periodic and nonperiodic patterns in the electrohydrodynamics in liquid crystals, Rayleigh-Benard convection, crystallization, viscous fingering and Belouzov-Zhabotinsky chemical reaction. Recent developments in topological and defect-mediated chaos, chaos in systems with large degrees of freedom and turbulence-turbulence transitions are also discussed.
Download or read book Evolution of Spontaneous Structures in Dissipative Continuous Systems written by Friedrich H. Busse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the decades the of the formation of structures past subject spontaneous in far from has into a branch of - systems equilibrium major physics grown search with ties to It has become evident that strong neighboring disciplines. a diverse of can be understood within a common mat- phenomena range matical framework which has been called nonlinear of continuous dynamics This name the close to the field of nonlinear systems. emphasizes relationship of with few of freedom which has evolved into a dynamics systems degrees mature in the recent features mathematically subject past. Many dynamical of continuous be described reduction few can a to a systems actually through of freedom and of the latter of continue to degrees properties type systems of continuous the inspire study systems. The of this book is to demonstrate the numerous goal through examples that exist for the of nonlinear the opportunities study phenomena through tools of mathematical and use of common analyses dynamical interpretations. Instead of overview of the a providing comprehensive rapidly evolving field, the contributors to this book are to communicate to a wide scientific trying audience the of what have learnt about the formation of essence they spon- neous structures in continuous and about the dissipative systems competition between order and chaos that characterizes these It is that systems. hoped the book will be even to those scientists whose not helpful are disciplines the authors.
Download or read book Scale written by Cristian Suteanu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides up-to-date, in-depth and accessible information on the concept of scale, and focuses on its applications in geography, Earth science, environmental science, and other fields in which the environment plays a significant role. Although the book presents methods and applications as a response to practical challenges, it is primarily concept-centered: it identifies a set of distinct, yet related notions of “scale”, analyzing and elucidating their evolving meanings in a systematic way. Concepts are defined with a focus on their practical operational applicability, and the introduction of methods is supported by concrete examples. The book links theoretical insights to illustrating applications, involving a broad range of themes, from maps, fractals, and chaos theory to fine art and literature. It approaches the subject in a spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal context, including a wide diversity of spatial features from Earth and other planets, as well as time series and space-time patterns. This monograph is expected to be useful especially because in practice the various scale-focused concepts are not neatly separated and immiscible. It is therefore helpful for scholars in physical and human geography, Earth and environmental sciences, and other fields, to benefit from a clear conceptual framework that distinguishes and illuminates the various scale-related concepts and their interconnections. Selected chapters can also support a deeper understanding of the concept of scale for graduate and undergraduate students in geography, the natural sciences, and the humanities. Information on recommended additional literature and comments about specific sources offer a guide to further reading on the topics addressed in the book.
Download or read book Achievements and New Frontiers in Research Oriented to Earthquake Forecasting written by Giovanni Martinelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-06-23 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover Image Credit: Zhaofei Liu and Ying Li From the Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China
Download or read book Negative Differential Resistance and Instabilities in 2 D Semiconductors written by N. Balkan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a workshop held in Il Ciocco, Lucca, Italy, September 1992. Papers cover the fundamental properties of hot carrier transport and the associated instabilities and light emission in 2-dimensional semiconductors dealing with both theory and experiment. Material is organized into the foll
Download or read book Fractals In Natural Science written by M Matsushita and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994-10-26 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last couple of years, fractals have been shown to represent the common aspects of many complex processes occurring in an unusually diverse range of fields including biology, chemistry, earth sciences, physics and technology. Using fractal geometry as a language, it has become possible to get a deeper insight into previously intractable problems. Among many others, a better understanding of growth phenomena, turbulence, iteractive functions, colloidal aggregation, biological pattern formation and inhomogenous materials has emerged through the application of such concepts as scale invariance, self-affinity and multifractality.This volume contains a selection of high quality papers that discuss the latest developments in the research of fractals. It is divided into 5 sections and contains altogether 64 papers. Each paper is written by a well known author or authors in the field. Beginning each section is a short introduction, written by a prominent author, which gives a brief overview of the topics discussed in the respective sections.
Download or read book Fractals and Chaos in Geology and Geophysics written by Donald L. Turcotte and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-07-13 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental concepts of fractal geometry and chaotic dynamics, along with the related concepts of multifractals, self-similar time series, wavelets, and self-organized criticality, are introduced in this book, for a broad range of readers interested in complex natural phenomena. Now in a greatly expanded, second edition, this book relates fractals and chaos to a variety of geological and geophysical applications. All concepts are introduced at the lowest possible level of mathematics consistent with their understanding, so that the reader requires only a background in basic physics and mathematics.
Download or read book Structure And Dynamics Of Nonlinear Waves In Fluids Proceedings Of The Iutam isimm Symposium written by Kirchgassner K and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995-08-31 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This symposium brought together mechanicians, physicists and applied mathematicians to discuss the interdisciplinary topic of nonlinear wave motion, which displays effects that give rise to a multitude of unanswered questions. Nonlinear waves in fluids in particular display all the prominent nonlinear phenomena such as chaos, turbulence and pattern formation. Amongst the topics emphasized in these proceedings are: travelling fronts, solitary waves and periodic waves (dissipative and conservative); temporal and spatial asymptotics of perturbations of waves; bifurcations, stability and local dynamics of waves; interaction between different waves, and between waves and the mean flow; wave breaking, nonlinear effects on focussing and diffraction; modulation and envelope equations (their derivation and validity); and numerical and experimental results.
Download or read book The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting written by Christopher H. Scholz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major update of this classic reference text on earthquakes and faulting with a wealth of new topics and observations.
Download or read book Fractals of Brain Fractals of Mind written by Earl Mac Cormac and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1996-06-28 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collective volume is the first to discuss systematically what are the possibilities to model different aspects of brain and mind functioning with the formal means of fractal geometry and deterministic chaos. At stake here is not an approximation to the way of actual performance, but the possibility of brain and mind to implement nonlinear dynamic patterns in their functioning. The contributions discuss the following topics (among others): the edge-of-chaos dynamics in recursively organized neural systems and in intersensory interaction, the fractal timing of the neural functioning on different scales of brain networking, aspects of fractal neurodynamics and quantum chaos in novel biophysics, the fractal maximum-power evolution of brain and mind, the chaotic dynamics in the development of consciousness, etc. It is suggested that the ‘margins’ of our capacity for phenomenal experience, are ‘fractal-limit phenomena’. Here the possibilities to prove the plausibility of fractal modeling with appropriate experimentation and rational reconstruction are also discussed. A conjecture is made that the brain vs. mind differentiation becomes possible, most probably, only with the imposition of appropriate symmetry groups implementing a flowing interface of features of local vs. global brain dynamics. (Series B)
