Download or read book Spoken and Written Language written by Michael Alexander Kirkwood Halliday and published by UNSW Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Written Language Bias in Linguistics written by Per Linell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linguists routinely emphasise the primacy of speech over writing. Yet, most linguists have analysed spoken language, as well as language in general, applying theories and methods that are best suited for written language. Accordingly, there is an extensive 'written language bias' in traditional and present day linguistics and other language sciences. In this book, this point is argued with rich and convincing evidence from virtually all fields of linguistics.
Download or read book A Sociophilological Study of Late Latin written by Roger Wright and published by Brepols Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sociophilology is a word coined by the author to describe a discipline which combines traditional rigorous philological analysis of texts with the recent insights of sociolinguistics. From these combined perspectives he provides an understanding both of Late Latin (Early Romance) language and of the circumstances of the scribes who have given us the evidence. The chronological span ranges from the later part of the Roman Empire to the thirteenth century. The focus is on the processes by which Latin, at different times in different places, came to be thought of as being several different languages (formal Medieval Latin and less formal Romance Languages); these conceptual distinctions are most directly represented by the decisions taken to write some texts in a new way. There are six sections in the book, each containing four chapters: Section A provides an overview, and is entitled Latin, Medieval Latin and Romance; B, Texts and Language in Late Antiquity; C, The Ninth Century; D, Italy and Spain in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries; E, Spain in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries; F, Sociophilology and Historical Linguistics; followed by a concluding summary chapter, bibliography and indexes. Scholars and Texts investigated include Priscian, Boniface, Rhythmic Poetry, Alcuin, Eulogio de Cordoba, The Strasbourg Oaths, Glossaries, Glosses, and the earliest Romance texts of the Iberian Peninsula; general topics considered in detail, within the Late Latin and Early Romance world, include periodization, the influence of other languages on the development of Latin, change of language names, the nature of sound change, the relationship between speech and writing, the relationship between historical linguistics and sociolinguistics, and the relationship between language-internal variation and language splits.
Download or read book Variation and Change in Spoken and Written Discourse written by Julia Bamford and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on aspects of variation and change in language use in spoken and written discourse on the basis of corpus analyses, providing new descriptive insights, and new methods of utilising small specialized corpora for the description of language variation and change. The sixteen contributions included in this volume represent a variety of diverse views and approaches, but all share the common goal of throwing light on a crucial dimension of discourse: the dialogic interactivity between the spoken and written. Their foci range from papers addressing general issues related to corpus analysis of spoken dialogue to papers focusing on specific cases employing a variety of analytical tools, including qualitative and quantitative analysis of small and large corpora. The present volume constitutes a highly valuable tool for applied linguists and discourse analysts as well as for students, instructors and language teachers.
Download or read book Structure of Language written by Janet Townend and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-02-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This accessible text is split into 2 halves. Initially, Janet Townend takes the reader through the early development and the structure and usage of spoken English. In the second half Jean Walker explains the history and structure of written English, including word formation and grammar. It is unusual to find both aspects of this fascinating area of human activity combined in one volume. These insights form an essential foundation for teachers, student teachers, teacher trainers, and specialists in special needs and literacy. It will be of interest to all who speak and write, and are involved in helping others to do so. Janet Townend trained as a speech and language therapist and Jean Walker as an English teacher. Both are now specialist teachers and trainers in the field of dyslexia, literacy and language.
Download or read book The Linguistics of Punctuation written by Geoffrey Nunberg and published by Center for the Study of Language (CSLI). This book was released on 1990-09 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geoffrey Nunberg challenges a widespread assumption that the linguistic structure of written languages is qualitatively identical to that of spoken language: It should no longer be necessary to defend the view that written language is truly language, but it is surprising to learn of written-language category indicators that are realized by punctuation marks and other figural devices.' He shows that traditional approaches to these devices tend to describe the features of written language exclusively by analogy to those of spoken language, with the result that punctuation has been regarded as an unsystematic and deficient means for presenting spoken-language intonation. Analysed in its own terms, however, punctuation manifests a coherent linguistic subsystem of 'text-grammar' that coexists in writing with the system of 'lexical grammar' that has been the traditional object of linguistic inquiry. A detailed analysis of the category structure of English text-sentences reveals a highly systematic set of syntactic and presentational rules that can be described in terms independent of the rules of lexical grammar and are largely matters of the tacit knowledge that writers acquire without formal instruction. That these rules obey constraints that are structurally analogous to those of lexical grammar leads Nunberg to label the text-grammar an 'application' of the principles of natural language organization to a new domain. Geoffrey Nunberg is a researcher at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center.
Download or read book Grammar and Syntax written by Monica Gordon-Pershey and published by Plural Publishing. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grammar and Syntax: Developing School-Age Children's Oral and Written Language Skills provides insight for clinical speech-language pathologists (SLPs) as well as students and faculty in communication sciences and disorders programs. Offering a practicing speech-language pathologist’s perspective on school-age language development, this professional reference book focuses on later language development and the crucial role oral grammar and syntax plays in successful academic performance. This resource synthesizes the four main components of professional expertise for SLPs: academic and theoretical knowledge, strategies for gathering diagnostic evidence, the ability to seek, understand, and apply evolving scientific evidence, and the application of therapeutic strategies. Designed to encourage creative approaches to curriculum-based speech-language therapy practices, Grammar and Syntax: Developing School-Age Children's Oral and Written Language Skills provides the foundation SLPs need to help children and adolescents achieve academic success. Key Features: * Anticipation guides at the beginning of each chapter stimulate readers to prepare for reading * Bolded key terms and a comprehensive glossary improve retention of material * Related resources in addition to cited sources provide jumping off points for deeper understanding * Tables of language development references to use at-a-glance * An evidence-based approach that references many primary and historical sources, including the “big names” in each content area * A unique combination of the perspectives of language development and language disorders with literacy development and literacy difficulties
Download or read book Linguistic Choice Across Genres written by Antonia Sánchez Macarro and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, based on revised papers originally delivered at the VII International Systemic Functional Workshop in Valencia in 1995, explores some of the choices open to speakers and writers for the expression of meaning in different socio-cultural contexts. Many of the papers draw their inspiration from models of language developed by Michael Halliday and in particular recent theories of variation in relation to texts and genres explored by Halliday and his followers. There is an emphasis on the interdependence and interaction of linguistic choices across sentence boundaries and speaking turns, and also a consistent focus across many papers on the importance of lexicogrammar in the construction of texts. Several papers examine the differences between native-speaker and non-native-speaker choices in speech and writing. The volume also contributes to our understanding of differences and similarities between spoken and written varieties of English and of the central significance of interpersonal functions in the communication of messages. By drawing on naturally-occurring data collected on a range of genres as diverse as philosophy articles, scientific research papers, emergency telephone calls, and casual conversation, contributors both refine descriptions of the relations between text and context and offer numerous new insights and analyses.
Download or read book Discourse Patterns in Spoken and Written Corpora written by Karin Aijmer and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a number of empirical studies that use corpora to study discourse patterns in speech and writing. It explores new trends in the area of text and discourse characterized by the alliance between text linguistics and areas such as corpus linguistics, genre analysis, literary stylistics and cross-linguistic studies. The contributions to the volume show how established corpora can be used to ask a number of new questions about the interface between speech and writing, the relation between grammar and discourse, academic discourse, cohesive markers, stylistic devices such as metaphor, deixis and non-verbal communication. The corpora used for text-analysis can also be tailor-made for the study of particular genres such as journal article abstracts, lectures, e-mailing list messages, headlines and titles. A recent development is to bring in contrastive data from bilingual corpora to show what is language-specific in the organization of the text.
Download or read book Word Frequencies in Written and Spoken English written by Geoffrey Leech and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Word Frequencies in Written and Spoken English is a landmark volume in the development of vocabulary frequency studies. Whereas previous books have in general given frequency information about the written language only, this book provides information on both speech and writing. It not only gives information about the language as a whole, but also about the differences between spoken and written English, and between different spoken and written varieties of the language. The frequencies are derived from a wide ranging and up-to-date corpus of English: the British National Corpus, which was compiled from over 4,000 written texts and spoken transcriptions representing the present day language in the UK. The book is based on a new version of the corpus (available from 2001) providing more accurate grammatical information, which is essential (for example) for distinguishing words like leaves (noun) and leaves (verb) with different meanings. The book begins with a general introduction, explaining why such information is important and highlighting interesting linguistic findings that emerge from the statistical analysis of the British National Corpus vocabulary. It also contains twenty four 'interest boxes' which highlight and comment on different aspects of frequency - for example, the most common colour words in English in order of frequency, and a comparison of male words (e.g. man) and female words (e.g. woman) in terms of their frequency.
Download or read book Spoken and Written Discourse in Online Interactions written by Maria Grazia Sindoni and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the AIA Book Prize for a research monograph in the field of English Language and Linguistics (2016) Common patterns of interactions are altered in the digital world and new patterns of communication have emerged, challenging previous notions of what communication actually is in the contemporary age. Online configurations of interaction, such as video chats, blogging, and social networking practices demand profound rethinking of the categories of linguistic analysis, given the blurring of traditional distinctions between oral and written discourse in digital texts. This volume reconsiders underlying linguistic and semiotic frameworks of analysis of spoken and written discourse in the light of the new paradigms of online communication, in keeping with a multimodal corpus linguistics theoretical framework. Typical modes of online interaction encompass speech, writing, gesture, movement, gaze, and social distance. This is nothing new, but here Sindoni asserts that all these modes are integrated in unprecedented ways, enacting new interactional patterns and new systems of interpretation among web users. These "non verbal" modes have been sidelined by mainstream linguistics, whereas accounting for the complexity of new genres and making sense of their educational impact is high on this volume’ s agenda. Sindoni analyzes other new phenomena, ranging from the intimate sphere (i.e. video chats, personal blogs or journals on social networking websites) to the public arena (i.e. global-scale transmission of information and knowledge in public blogs or media-sharing communities), shedding light on the rapidly changing global web scenario.
Download or read book How to Fix Your Academic Writing Trouble A Practical Guide written by Inger Mewburn and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2018-12-21 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are you confused by the feedback you get from your academic teachers and mentors? This clear and accessible guide to decoding academic feedback will help you interpret what your lecturer or research supervisor is really trying to tell you about your writing—and show you how to fix it. It will help you master a range of techniques and strategies to take your writing to the next level and along the way you’ll learn why academic text looks the way it does, and how to produce that ‘authoritative scholarly voice’ that everyone talks about. This book is an easy-to-use resource for postgraduate students and researchers in all disciplines, and even professional academics, to diagnose their writing issues and find ways to fix them. This book would also be a valuable text for academic writing courses and writing groups, such as those offered in doctoral and Master's by research degree programmes. 'Whether they have writing problems or not, every academic writer will want this handy compendium of effective strategies and sound explanations on their book shelf—it’s a must-have.' Pat Thomson, Professor of Education, University of Nottingham, UK
Download or read book Script Effects as the Hidden Drive of the Mind Cognition and Culture written by Hye K. Pae and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access volume reveals the hidden power of the script we read in and how it shapes and drives our minds, ways of thinking, and cultures. Expanding on the Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis (i.e., the idea that language affects the way we think), this volume proposes the “Script Relativity Hypothesis” (i.e., the idea that the script in which we read affects the way we think) by offering a unique perspective on the effect of script (alphabets, morphosyllabaries, or multi-scripts) on our attention, perception, and problem-solving. Once we become literate, fundamental changes occur in our brain circuitry to accommodate the new demand for resources. The powerful effects of literacy have been demonstrated by research on literate versus illiterate individuals, as well as cross-scriptal transfer, indicating that literate brain networks function differently, depending on the script being read. This book identifies the locus of differences between the Chinese, Japanese, and Koreans, and between the East and the West, as the neural underpinnings of literacy. To support the “Script Relativity Hypothesis”, it reviews a vast corpus of empirical studies, including anthropological accounts of human civilization, social psychology, cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, applied linguistics, second language studies, and cross-cultural communication. It also discusses the impact of reading from screens in the digital age, as well as the impact of bi-script or multi-script use, which is a growing trend around the globe. As a result, our minds, ways of thinking, and cultures are now growing closer together, not farther apart.
Download or read book Do You Speak American written by Robert Macneil and published by Nan A. Talese. This book was released on 2007-12-18 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is American English in decline? Are regional dialects dying out? Is there a difference between men and women in how they adapt to linguistic variations? These questions, and more, about our language catapulted Robert MacNeil and William Cran—the authors (with Robert McCrum) of the language classic The Story of English—across the country in search of the answers. Do You Speak American? is the tale of their discoveries, which provocatively show how the standard for American English—if a standard exists—is changing quickly and dramatically. On a journey that takes them from the Northeast, through Appalachia and the Deep South, and west to California, the authors observe everyday verbal interactions and in a host of interviews with native speakers glean the linguistic quirks and traditions characteristic of each area. While examining the histories and controversies surrounding both written and spoken American English, they address anxieties and assumptions that, when explored, are highly emotional, such as the growing influence of Spanish as a threat to American English and the special treatment of African-American vernacular English. And, challenging the purists who think grammatical standards are in serious deterioration and that media saturation of our culture is homogenizing our speech, they surprise us with unpredictable responses. With insight and wit, MacNeil and Cran bring us a compelling book that is at once a celebration and a potent study of our singular language. Each wave of immigration has brought new words to enrich the American language. Do you recognize the origin of 1. blunderbuss, sleigh, stoop, coleslaw, boss, waffle? Or 2. dumb, ouch, shyster, check, kaput, scram, bummer? Or 3. phooey, pastrami, glitch, kibbitz, schnozzle? Or 4. broccoli, espresso, pizza, pasta, macaroni, radio? Or 5. smithereens, lollapalooza, speakeasy, hooligan? Or 6. vamoose, chaps, stampede, mustang, ranch, corral? 1. Dutch 2. German 3. Yiddish 4. Italian 5. Irish 6. Spanish
Download or read book Colourful Semantics written by NHS Forth Valley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-07 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Purchasers of this book can access additional online resources at www.routledge.com/cw/speechmark* This comprehensive resource pack, developed in conjunction with education staff, draws on the principles of Alison Bryan’s original Colourful Semantics approach to provide professionals with an engaging, dynamic way to support children’s language development. By coding sentences using colour, symbols and signs, this visual approach aims to: Teach understanding of question words Develop vocabulary and increase sentence complexity Increase range and complexity of verbs (children with delayed or disordered spoken language skills often overuse simple verbs such as do, go or get) Improve children’s written language skills This practical resource consists of three parts: a printed book containing ready-made session plan ideas, black and white vocabulary cards and worksheets; an online version using the current Colourful Semantics colour coding system, and an online version using the colour coding system used by Speech and Language Therapists from NHS Forth Valley. This is an essential pack for teachers and professionals looking to work on language development with children aged four to nine. The flexible session plans can be used with individuals, small groups and whole classes, and can be easily adapted by Speech and Language Therapists, teachers and other practitioners.
Download or read book Longman Student Grammar of Spoken and Written English written by Douglas Biber and published by . This book was released on 2003-06-10 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simplified and reorganized, while avoiding much of the technical detail of Longman grammar of spoken and written English (LGSWE).
Download or read book Modern Persian written by Donald L. Stilo and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although Persian is one of the world's oldest languages, in its modern form it is still spoken by more than forty million people in Iran and by more than twenty million people elsewhere. These volumes provide students from beginning to intermediate levels with a mastery of modern Persian (also known as farsi) and with an understanding of colloquial Persian. The books offer extended vocabulary, grammar, and essays on aspects of Iranian culture. Volume I emphasizes speaking and understanding, and Volume 2 focuses on the written language. The first to teach Persian as a living language, Modern Persian incorporates the most effective methodologies and the most recent cultural and linguistic changes occurring in Iran.
