Download or read book U S Spectrum Management Policy written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994-03 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Need for Speed written by Robert E. Litan and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " The twenty-first-century telecommunications landscape is radically different from the one that prevailed as recently as the last decade of the twentieth century. Robert Litan and Hal Singer argue that given the speed of innovation in this sector, the Federal Communications Commission's outdated policies and rules are inhibiting investment in the telecom industry, specifically in fast broadband networks. This pithy handbook presents the kind of fundamental rethinking needed to bring communications policy in line with technological advances. Fast broadband has huge societal benefits, enabling all kinds of applications in telemedicine, entertainment, retailing, education, and energy that would have been unthinkable a few years ago. Those benefits would be even greater if the FCC adopted policies that encouraged more broadband providers, especially wireless providers, to make their services available in the roughly half of the country where consumers currently have no choice in wireline providers offering download speeds that satisfy the FCC's current standards. The authors' recommendations include allowing broadband providers to charge for premium delivery services; embracing a rule-of-reason approach to all matters involving vertical arrangements; stripping the FCC of its merger review authority because both the Federal Trade Commission and the Justice Department have the authority to stop anticompetitive mergers; eliminating the FCC's ability to condition spectrum purchases on the identity, business plans, or spectrum holdings of a bidder; and freeing telephone companies from outdated regulations that require them to maintain both a legacy copper network and a modem IP network. These changes and others advanced in this book would greatly enhance consumer welfare with respect to telecommunications services and the applications built around them. "

Download or read book U S Spectrum Management Policy written by United States. National Telecommunications and Information Administration and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spectrum and Network Policy for Next Generation Telecommunications written by Robert M. Entman and published by Aspen Inst Human Studies. This book was released on 2004 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spectrum Policy in the Age of Broadband written by Linda K. Moore and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The convergence of wireless telecomm. technology with the Internet Protocol (IP) is fostering new generations of mobile technologies. This transformation has created new demands for advanced communications infrastructure and radio frequency spectrum capacity that can support high-speed, content-rich uses. Wireless technologies support public safety commun., sensors, smart grids, medicine and public health, intelligent transportation systems, and many other vital communications. Contents of this report: The Role of Spectrum Policy; The Nat. Broadband Plan and Spectrum Policy; National Purposes; Issues for the 111th Congress; Conclusion. Append.: Spectrum-Hungry Technol.; Competition; Internat. Policies for Spectrum Mgmt.

Download or read book Summary of a Forum on Spectrum Management Policy Reform written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-05-17 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, the Department of Commerce's Spectrum Policy Initiative was established with the objective of promoting a more efficient and beneficial use of the spectrum. As part of that Initiative, a series of public forums about spectrum management policy was held. The Computer Science and Telecommunications Board was asked to organize one of these forums, a public forum to gather the views of a variety of government and private sector stakeholders about the impact of spectrum policy on their activities. This report presents a summary of those views. Among those included are those representing national defense, homeland security, aviation, science, public safety, amateur radio, cellular voice and data, and terrestrial broadcast uses of the spectrum. Although prepared by the NRC, the report does not present NRC findings or recommendations. A broader study of spectrum policy, including findings and recommendations, will be issued in early 2005.

Download or read book The Debates Shaping Spectrum Policy written by Martin Sims and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-23 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What debates have caused spectrum policy to change course and which will determine its future direction? This book examines these issues through a series of chapters from a range of notable experts. The backdrop is a period of turbulent change in what was once a quiet backwater. The past quarter century has seen wireless connectivity go from nice-to-have luxury to the cornerstone of success as nations battle for leadership of the digital economy. The change has been reflected in the crucial role now played by market's mechanisms in a field once dominated by administrative decisions. Spectrum policy’s goals have moved far beyond the efficient use of the airwaves to include encouraging economic development, investment, innovation, sustainability and digital inclusivity. Are historic procedures still appropriate in the face of this multiplicity of demands? Are market mechanisms like auctions still the best way to deliver what has become essential infrastructure? Does the process of international coordination need to change? Is spectrum policy’s effectiveness limited by the power of global economic forces? Can it reduce rather than add to global warming? Where does 6G and AI fit in? Is public perception the new spectrum policy battle ground? These are all issues examined in The Debates Shaping Spectrum Policy.

Download or read book Mobile Technology and Spectrum Policy written by Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-09-30 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report traces the current and possible future evolution of mobile communications networks and some of the changes in spectrum policy that might better accommodate innovation. Congress at present is engaged in debates over how to maximize the value—economic, monetary, or other—of upcoming auctions for spectrum licenses, notably the Broadcast Incentive Auction required by the Spectrum Act in 2012 (P.L. 112-96, Title VI). The evolution of wireless technologies, as outlined in this report, indicates that auctions, as presently structured, are a limited policy tool. Congress, therefore, may move to reconsider the current goals of spectrum policy to more fully accommodate the development of the next generation of wireless technologies. In future reviews of communications law and spectrum policy, Congress may choose to broaden its scope to include spectrum-dependent industries and technologies beyond the telecommunications sector.

Download or read book U S Spectrum Management Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book AI enabled Spectrum Sharing written by Lin Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-10-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wireless edge networks aim to provide last-mile wireless connections between access points and diversified wireless end devices. Recent years witness the rapid development of wireless communication ecosystems including fundamental theory breakthroughs, manufacture capability improvements, as well as the explosively increasing wireless end devices and service demands. It is known that spectrum is the irreplaceable resource for wireless transmissions in edge networks. Nevertheless, it is quite challenging and inefficient to allocate dedicated spectrum for each single transmission link due to the severe shortage of spectrum resource. Alternatively, by enabling different links to use the same spectrum, spectrum sharing is envisioned to be a promising paradigm to properly accommodate the conflict between the scarce spectrum resource and substantial spectrum demands. Conventionally, model-driven optimization methods are widely adopted to optimize the spectrum sharing policy in the edge network and achieve friendly coexistence among different transmission links. However, future wireless edge network is predicted to be large-scale and heterogeneous, model-driven optimization methods will be problematic such as imperfect modelling and unacceptable overheads. Different from the existing related books on spectrum sharing or spectrum management for wireless edge networks, our book leverages the artificial intelligence (AI) to achieve smart spectrum sharing for wireless edge networks and elaborates AI-enabled spectrum sharing technique in typical scenarios, which can guide the development of next-generation spectrum sharing standards, as well as provide innovative spectrum sharing methods for related practitioners, including research fellow, lecturers, and students.

Download or read book Rethinking Universal Service for a Next Generation Network Environment OECD Digital Economy Papers written by Patrick Xavier and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a clear need, in view of significant competitive, technological and service changes taking place in the telecommunications sector, to review universal service obligations, their coverage, how they are financed and who is responsible for providing them. In many OECD countries, a primary longer term issue is how to provide universal service in the new competitive environment where voice is ubiquitous and cheap, voice revenues low and where voice has become just one of many applications provided on networks. Access too is changing, with more choice in platforms available that allow access to voice applications. This paper overviews the main issues that need to be examined in such a review with a view to the reform of universal service in a way consistent with emerging technological realities and competitive circumstances. The paper draws a number of conclusions outlined below. Important changes have already taken place in universal service in OECD countries, where market liberalization and technological developments in the telecommunications sector have resulted in improvements in telecommunications availability (through increased penetration of fixed line and wireless as well as enhanced quality of service), affordability (through lower prices, in overall terms, and through pre-paid mobile) and accessibility (improved through voluntary but also through regulatory schemes). As a result, there has been significant progress towards universal service. In an NGN [Next Generation Networks] environment where new technologies are competing, a question that arises is whether an approach towards universal service that was framed for a legacy network is still the appropriate policy? An increase in communications facilities and service competition is expected over the next ten years as the communications sector converges, shifts technology to one based on IP [Internet Protocol] protocol and gravitates towards new kinds of networks built with technologies such as wireless, wireline, fibre, cable, powerline, and satellite. With such technological developments and a more competitive environment, cross-subsidy practices are likely to be increasingly unsustainable and an increasing number of countries are turning to the use of Universal Service Funds in order that the burden of USOs [universal service obligations] can be shared more equitably and flexibly among market participants. But as competition from sources such as VoIP [Voice over Internet Protocol], cable telephony, e-mail, instant messaging, pre-paid mobile and pre-paid cheap long distance/international calling erodes the revenue base of telecommunications operators, Universal Service Funds too may come under pressure. The growing diversity of technologies and the capabilities of these new technologies require more precise reflection on what it is about telecommunications services that justifies a universal service policy, and how these telecommunications services should be defined. With the technological changes on the horizon, there seems significant potential for "availability" of telecommunications access, and hence services, in rural and remote areas to be largely achieved over the next ten years. Whether this potential materialises will depend importantly on the removal of disincentives to invest and barriers to entry (including those due to spectrum policy that generates artificial scarcity). This includes minimising price controls and subsidies that discourage competitive entry. All this is consistent with forbearance of regulation in a dynamic, increasingly competitive and convergent communications sector. If availability of telecommunications access is achieved, is universal service policy still necessary? If so, would access alone achieve the goals of universal service, or is it some package of affordable services that require access which should be the objective? Universal service policies in an NGN environment should be constrained by the recognition that USOs should be specifically defined and targeted, transparent, competitively and technology neutral and cost-effective. Universal service objectives such as "affordability" and "accessibility" may be addressed by specifically targeted subsidies (including vouchers) that allow consumers in a multi-platform NGN environment to themselves choose the service provider and technology most suitable to their needs. In appropriate competitive circumstances, the use of well-designed competitive tenders can help generate incentives to contain costs, innovate, and reveal the true cost of delivering universal service thus minimising the subsidy required. At the same time, it needs to be recalled that, in most OECD countries, the PSTN [public switched telecommunications networks] incumbent is still dominant in terms of access to traditional telephone service and the only operator with national (regional) coverage. As broadband access matures, it is becoming clearer that not all broadband access is the same. Each broadband technology has its own performance and economic characteristics, and positive or negative technical aspects. For example, cable, fibre, and DSL technologies have significant bandwidth advantages over broadband wireless local loop, BPL [broadband over power lines], and VSAT [very small aperture terminals]. However, cable, DSL, and fibre work best in high population density areas and may be uneconomic in less densely populated areas. A potential scenario in many OECD countries, therefore, is an environment where metropolitan areas have significantly richer capabilities than the rural areas. This may have long-term effects on social and economic opportunities in rural areas. Moreover, in the future, the quality of access, not merely the availability of access, may become the major consideration in setting policy. In rethinking "universal" access to the range of NGN services, a core issue is whether broadband should be part of USOs. The EU has already moved from voice USOs to include a data USO with a "functional Internet access" provision in its current USO Directive. No doubt there will be close examination of whether "functional access" in an NGN environment necessitates an upgrade to broadband access. Indeed, there are strident calls for such a policy already. But "at least at this early stage of broadband penetration" there are strong reasons to be wary of using a "blunt", blanket USO approach that could distort competition and investment incentives. However, this view may require regular reconsideration because universal service is an evolving concept. More generally, as competition develops through the use of unbundling in a number of countries, it may be necessary to determine the role of unbundled lines in the provision of universal service. In an NGN environment, current funding arrangements for USOs may be unsustainable. A variety of alternative arrangements can be envisaged ranging from a tax on each telephone number to financing through general taxation revenue. They should be thoroughly assessed against a number of criteria, such as economic efficiency, equity and competitive entry as well as against current practice where the infrastructure and service providers directly fund universal service. As part of this assessment, governments may want to consider advantages that could be gained by funding the cost of pursuing the "social" objectives of USOs from government general taxation revenue. Importantly, government funding would link decisions concerning the nature and scope of universal service closely with financial responsibility for such decisions. This could prevail against excessive growth by installing in-built incentives to restrain political disposition for widening universal service expenditure. Certainly, while political advantages flowing from universal service programmes can be gained at the expense of operators and/or consumers, restraint over universal service (needed to stimulate innovation, best practice and cost-effective USO programmes and to minimise the distortions that can arise from excessive USO programmes) is less likely. (Contains 73 notes, 7 figures, and 9 boxes.).

Download or read book A New Framework for Assessing Interconnection Charges with the Evolution of Telecommunications Networks written by Won Seok Yang and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, the telecommunications industry has faced fundamental changes. The competition in the telecom market has intensified according to service diversification due to voice and data integration, broadcasting and telecom convergence, and merger and acquisition of telecom operators. The networks evolve from circuit networks to next generation networks, such as BcN, 3G, 4G, and finally converge to All-IP networks. In addition, the Korean government has also presented new regulation policies in retail, wholesale, and spectrum allocation to promote competition and encourage investment. These trends are affecting Korean regulation policies, including the regulation of interconnection charges. The Korean regulatory agency uses a hybrid framework, that combines the rate of a top-down LRIC model and the slope calculated by the rates of a bottom-up LRIC model to assess interconnection charges. In this paper, we investigate the issues of the current framework for assessing interconnection charges in Korea in light of the rapid changes in the telecom industry. We show that investment in NTS or 3G may result in a decrease in operators' rates. The interconnection rate increases without network investment when traffic decreases. As a result, the current framework is limited in giving telecom operators incentive to increase network investment and use their networks efficiently. In addition, the top-down rate is out of date. The bottom-up model requires numerous, complicated simulations to compute the rates. We analyze the telecom regulation trends in the EU and propose a new framework for calculating the interconnection charge based on a glide-path method, a bottom-up model, and the concept of technology neutrality. The framework is clear and robust against the rapid changes in the telecom industry. In addition, we expect that the new framework can improve network efficiency because it excludes inefficient costs and derives operators' network investment with transparent regulations.

Download or read book Cognitive Wireless Communication Networks written by Ekram Hossain and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-23 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unified view on the state-of-the-art of cognitive radio technology. It includes a set of research and survey articles featuring the recent advances in theory and applications of cognitive radio technology for the next generation (e.g., fourth generation) wireless communication networks. The contributed articles cover both the theoretical concepts (e.g., information-theoretic analysis) and system-level implementation issues.

Download or read book Next Generation Telecommunications Networks Services and Management written by Thomas Plevyak and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unprecedented look into the present and future of next generation networks, services, and management in the telecommunications industry The telecommunications industry has advanced in rapid, significant, and unpredictable ways into the twenty-first century. Next Generation Telecommunications Networks, Services, and Management guides the global industry and academia even further by providing an in-depth look at current and developing trends, as well as examining the complex issues of developing, introducing, and managing cutting-edge telecommunications technologies. This is an orchestrated set of original chapters written expressly for this book by topic experts from around the globe. It addresses next generation technologies and architectures, with the focus on networks, services, and management. Key topics include: Opportunities and challenges of next generation telecommunications networks, services, and management Tri/Quad Play and IP-based networks and services Fault, Configuration, Accounting, Performance, and Security (FCAPS) requirements Convergence and an important convergence vehicle, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Next generation operations and network management architecture Ad hoc wireless and sensor networks and their management Next generation operations and network management standards from a strategic perspective A defining look at the future in this field This book will serve as a contemporary reference for the growing global community of telecommunication and information professionals in industry, government, and academia. It will be important to faculty and graduate students of telecommunications as a graduate textbook.

Download or read book Machine Learning Approach for Spectrum Sharing in the Next Generation Cognitive Mesh Network written by Ayoub Alsarhan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, there is an unexpected explosion in the demand for wireless network resources. This is due to the dramatic increase in the number of the emerging web-based services. For wireless computer network, limited bandwidth along with the transmission quality requirements for users, make quality of service (QoS) provisioning a very challenging problem. To overcome spectrum scarcity problem, Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has already started working on the concept of spectrum sharing where unlicensed users (secondary users, SUs) can share the spectrum with licensed users (primary users, PUs), provided they respect PUs rights to use spectrum exclusively. Cognitive technology presents a revolutionary wireless communication where users can exploit the spectrum dynamically. The integration of cognitive technology capability into the conventional wireless networks is perhaps the significant promising architectural upgrade in the next generation of wireless network that helps to solve spectrum scarcity problem. In this work, we propose integrating cognitive technology with wireless mesh network to serve the maximum number of SUs by utilizing the limited bandwidth efficiently. The architecture for this network is selected first. In particular, we introduce the cluster-based architecture, signaling protocols, spectrum management scheme and detailed algorithms for the cognitive cycle. This new architecture is shown to be promising for the cognitive network. In order to manage the transmission power for the SUs in the cognitive wireless mesh network, a dynamic power management framework is developed based on machine learning to improve spectrum utilization while satisfying users requirements. Reinforcement learning (RL) is used to extract the optimal control policy that allocates spectrum and transmission powers for the SUs dynamically. RL is used to help users to adapt their resources to the changing network conditions. RL model considers the spectrum request arrival rate of the SUs, the interference constraint for the PUs, the physical properties of the channel that is selected for the SUs, PUs activities, and the QoS for SUs. In our work, PUs trade the unused spectrum to the SUs. For this sharing paradigm, maximizing the revenue is the key objective of the PUs, while that of the SUs is to meet their requirements and obtain service from the rented spectrum. However, PUs have to maintain their QoS when trading their spectrum. These complex conflicting objectives are embedded in our machine learning model. The objective function is defined as the net revenue gained by PUs from renting some of their spectrum. We use a machine learning to help the PUs to make a decision about the optimal size and price of the offered spectrum for trading. The trading model considers the QoS for PUs and SUs, traffic load at the PUs, the changes in the network conditions, and the revenues of the PUs. Finally, we integrate all the mechanisms described above to build a new cognitive network where users can interact intelligently with network conditions.

Download or read book Cognitive Radio Mobile Ad Hoc Networks written by F. Richard Yu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive radios (CR) technology is capable of sensing its surrounding environment and adapting its internal states by making corresponding changes in certain operating parameters. CR is envisaged to solve the problems of the limited available spectrum and the inefficiency in the spectrum usage. CR has been considered in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), which enable wireless devices to dynamically establish networks without necessarily using a fixed infrastructure. The changing spectrum environment and the importance of protecting the transmission of the licensed users of the spectrum mainly differentiate classical MANETs from CR-MANETs. The cognitive capability and re-configurability of CR-MANETs have opened up several areas of research which have been explored extensively and continue to attract research and development. The book will describe CR-MANETs concepts, intrinsic properties and research challenges of CR-MANETs. Distributed spectrum management functionalities, such as spectrum sensing and sharing, will be presented. The design, optimization and performance evaluation of security issues and upper layers in CR-MANETs, such as transport and application layers, will be investigated.

Download or read book Next Generation Wireless Terahertz Communication Networks written by Saim Ghafoor and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-08-11 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid growth of the data traffic demands new ways to achieve high-speed wireless links. The backbone networks, data centers, mission-critical applications, as well as end-users sitting in office or home, all require ultra-high throughput and ultra-low latency wireless links. Sophisticated technological advancement and huge bandwidth are required to reduce the latency. Terahertz band, in this regard, has a huge potential to provide these high-capacity links where a user can download the file in a few seconds. To realize the high-capacity wireless links for future applications, in this book, different aspects of the Terahertz band wireless communication network are presented. This book highlights the Terahertz channel characteristics and modeling, antenna design and beamforming, device characterization, applications, and protocols. It also provides state-of-the-art knowledge on different communication aspects of Terahertz communication and techniques to realize the true potential of the Terahertz band for wireless communication.