Download or read book Speciation of VOC Emissions from UK Oil Refineries Detailed experimental results written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the end of 1999 the Institute of Petroleum was asked by UKPIA, on behalf of the refineries based in the UK, to provide a means through which emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds, reported annually as a part of the Environment Agency's Pollution Inventory, could be speciated. In 2000 the Institute commissioned AEA Technology, under the guidance of the IP Emissions Working Group, to investigate the possibility of producing a generic protocol to enable refineries to speciate VOCs. This was to be used in conjunction with the IP's existing Protocol for the Estimation of VOC Emissions from Petroleum Refineries and Gasoline Marketing Operations. These three reports detail the work undertaken to achieve the above and draws conclusions from the results obtained. Part 1 presents an overview of the work carried out and of the results obtained. Part 2 presents the findings of the literature survey, the objective of which was to identify existing species data entry for refinery VOC emissions. Part 3 describes the detailed results of the measurements carried out at the nine UK refineries.
Download or read book Speciation of Voc Emissions from UK Oil Refineries written by and published by . This book was released on 2002-03 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the end of 1999 the Institute of Petroleum was asked by UKPIA, on behalf of the refineries based in the UK, to provide a means through which emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds, reported annually as a part of the Environment Agency's Pollution Inventory, could be speciated. In 2000 the Institute commissioned AEA Technology, under the guidance of the IP Emissions Working Group, to investigate the possibility of producing a generic protocol to enable refineries to speciate VOCs. This was to be used in conjunction with the IP's existing Protocol for the Estimation of VOC Emissions from Petroleum Refineries and Gasoline Marketing Operations. These three reports detail the work undertaken to achieve the above and draws conclusions from the results obtained. Part 1 presents an overview of the work carried out and of the results obtained. Part 2 presents the findings of the literature survey, the objective of which was to identify existing species data entry for refinery VOC emissions. Part 3 describes the detailed results of the measurements carried out at the nine UK refineries.
Download or read book Speciation of VOC Emissions from UK Oil Refineries Literature survey written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the end of 1999 the Institute of Petroleum was asked by UKPIA, on behalf of the refineries based in the UK, to provide a means through which emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds, reported annually as a part of the Environment Agency's Pollution Inventory, could be speciated. In 2000 the Institute commissioned AEA Technology, under the guidance of the IP Emissions Working Group, to investigate the possibility of producing a generic protocol to enable refineries to speciate VOCs. This was to be used in conjunction with the IP's existing Protocol for the Estimation of VOC Emissions from Petroleum Refineries and Gasoline Marketing Operations. These three reports detail the work undertaken to achieve the above and draws conclusions from the results obtained. Part 1 presents an overview of the work carried out and of the results obtained. Part 2 presents the findings of the literature survey, the objective of which was to identify existing species data entry for refinery VOC emissions. Part 3 describes the detailed results of the measurements carried out at the nine UK refineries.
Download or read book Protocol for the Estimation of VOC Emissions from Petroleum Refineries and Gasoline Marketing Operations written by Energy Institute (Storbritannien) and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of the protocol for the estimation of VOC emissions from petroleum refineries and gasoline marketing operations contains some new and updated emission factors compared to the first edition (IP, 2000).The Protocol provides methods for the estimation of annual emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) from potential sources in refineries and gasoline marketing facilities. The aims are to aid industry compliance with existing legislative reporting requirements and to allow consistency in emission estimation methodologies.
Download or read book Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere written by R M Harrison and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as air pollutants has increased dramatically in recent years. This book covers a number of very topical issues concerning VOCs, including stratospheric ozone depletion due to CFCs, and the properties of alternative substances; the role of VOCs in the photochemical formation of lower atmosphere (tropospheric) ozone; and the problem of the direct toxicity of VOCs such as benzene and formaldehyde. This Issue reviews our current knowledge of VOCs, drawing upon the expertise of renowned experts and major national and international research programmes. It examines man-made and natural sources, as well as pathways and chemical reactions in the atmosphere. It also looks closely at the sources and concentrations of VOCs indoors, where humans are most likely to be exposed to them. Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere describes techniques used for the calculation of emissions inventories and strategies for control, and explores the many Government policy matters relating to VOCs. It provides readers with in-depth, clearly explained coverage of the many complex scientific and policy issues surrounding VOCs in the atmosphere.
Download or read book Petroleum Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The British National Bibliography written by Arthur James Wells and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 2142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Total Exposure Assessment Methodology TEAM Study Summary and analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monitoring for Gaseous Pollutants in Museum Environments written by Cecily M. Grzywacz and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2006-09-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on passive sampling, this volume focuses on the environmental monitoring for common gaseous pollutants. It offers an overview of the history and nature of pollutants of concern to museums and the challenges facing scientists, conservators, and managers seeking to develop target pollutant guidelines to protect cultural property.
Download or read book Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gases written by Zhongchao Tan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-03 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook discusses engineering principles relating to air pollution and greenhouse gases (GHGs); it focuses on engineering principles and designs of related devices and equipment for air emission control for a variety of industries such as energy, chemical, and transportation industries. The book aims primarily at senior undergraduate and graduate students in mechanical, chemical and/or environmental engineering departments; it can also be used as a reference book by technical staff and design engineers who are interested in and need to have technical knowledge in air pollution and GHGs. The book is motivated by recent rapid advances in air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and their control technologies. In addition to classic topics related to air pollution, this book is also featured with emerging topics related to air pollution and GHGs. It covers recent advances in engineering approaches to the reduction of GHG emissions including, but are not limited to, green energy technologies and carbon sequestration and storage. It also introduces an emerging topic in air pollution, which is referred to as Nano Air Pollution. It is a growing concern in air pollution, but largely missing in similar books, likely because of recent rapid advances in nanotechnology has outpaced the advances in nano air pollution control.
Download or read book The Use of Dispersants in Marine Oil Spill Response written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-04-24 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether the result of an oil well blowout, vessel collision or grounding, leaking pipeline, or other incident at sea, each marine oil spill will present unique circumstances and challenges. The oil type and properties, location, time of year, duration of spill, water depth, environmental conditions, affected biomes, potential human community impact, and available resources may vary significantly. Also, each spill may be governed by policy guidelines, such as those set forth in the National Response Plan, Regional Response Plans, or Area Contingency Plans. To respond effectively to the specific conditions presented during an oil spill, spill responders have used a variety of response optionsâ€"including mechanical recovery of oil using skimmers and booms, in situ burning of oil, monitored natural attenuation of oil, and dispersion of oil by chemical dispersants. Because each response method has advantages and disadvantages, it is important to understand specific scenarios where a net benefit may be achieved by using a particular tool or combination of tools. This report builds on two previous National Research Council reports on dispersant use to provide a current understanding of the state of science and to inform future marine oil spill response operations. The response to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill included an unprecedented use of dispersants via both surface application and subsea injection. The magnitude of the spill stimulated interest and funding for research on oil spill response, and dispersant use in particular. This study assesses the effects and efficacy of dispersants as an oil spill response tool and evaluates trade-offs associated with dispersant use.
Download or read book Siloxanes in the Nordic Environment written by and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Siloxanes belong to a group of substances used in a number of industrial applications and in consumer products such as additives in fuel, car polish, cleaners, anti foamiers and car waxes. Besides this, they are widely used in e.g. personal care and biomedical products. As a result of their wide use, siloxanes are presumably spread into the environment both via point sources and via diffuse sources and may be found in the environment. Recent studies have suggested that siloxanes may have direct or indirect toxic effects on various biological processes. The aim of this screening study was to obtain a snapshot of the occurrence of siloxanes in the Nordic environment. The here presented screening study involved six countries: Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Sampled media types were air, biota, sediment, sludge, soil and water. Siloxanes were found in all the analysed samples types except soils. The results indicate that there is a general pollution of siloxanes in the Nordic environment, close to dense population and major sources. There was, however, a great variation in concentrations. The cyclic siloxanes occurred in all media in significantly higher concentrations than the linear siloxanes. At present, the observed concentrations are not alarmingly high, and many background sites seem to be non-contaminated. However, the use of siloxanes is extensive and it is possible that continued use will lead to increased environmental levels, eventually reaching effect concentrations.
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Emissions of Air Pollutants written by Rainer Friedrich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a wealth of new information that enables environmental scientists and authorities to design methods for measuring and modelling emission rates related to specific pollution sources, and thus to generate improved emission inventories and reduction strategies. The text shows how to carry out experiments to verify emission data, including tunnel and open motorway studies, comprehensive city experiments and tracer experiments.
Download or read book Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-22 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diluted bitumen has been transported by pipeline in the United States for more than 40 years, with the amount increasing recently as a result of improved extraction technologies and resulting increases in production and exportation of Canadian diluted bitumen. The increased importation of Canadian diluted bitumen to the United States has strained the existing pipeline capacity and contributed to the expansion of pipeline mileage over the past 5 years. Although rising North American crude oil production has resulted in greater transport of crude oil by rail or tanker, oil pipelines continue to deliver the vast majority of crude oil supplies to U.S. refineries. Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines examines the current state of knowledge and identifies the relevant properties and characteristics of the transport, fate, and effects of diluted bitumen and commonly transported crude oils when spilled in the environment. This report assesses whether the differences between properties of diluted bitumen and those of other commonly transported crude oils warrant modifications to the regulations governing spill response plans and cleanup. Given the nature of pipeline operations, response planning, and the oil industry, the recommendations outlined in this study are broadly applicable to other modes of transportation as well.
Download or read book Outdoor Air Pollution written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by IARC Monographs on the Evaluat. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This publication represents the views and expert opinions of an IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans, which met in Lyon, 8-15 October 2013."