Download or read book Spacecraft Collision Probability Estimation for Rendezvous and Proximity Operations written by Michael R. Phillips and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spacecraft Collision Probability written by F. Kenneth Chan and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The amount of space debris is growing at an alarming rate, raising concern about its collision with operational spacecraft. This book analyzes the probability of such a collision when the orbits of two approaching objects are based on measurements with inherent errors. Many recent papers have dealt with the methodology of computing the collision probability in the encounter region, but they have assumed that the encounter is a flyby and is short-term, with the trajectories of the objects represented by straight lines. By contrast, Spacecraft Collision Probability, the outgrowth of the authors research during the past two decades, deals not only with those cases but also with important long-term cases in which objects spend protracted periods in the vicinity of each other. An extensive chapter is included on the International Space Station (ISS), to demonstrate how one would accurately gauge its probability of collision. The ISS is modeled according to its actual complex shape, component by componentenabling the detailed computation of a more realistic collision probability than one would obtain by the routine practice of modeling it as a sphere. In addition, the author developed Excel macros to obtain the numerical tables and graphical plots appearing in the book. That software is available on the Supporting Materials page of the AIAA Web site.
Download or read book Launch Collision Probability written by Gary Bollenbacher and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Collision Detection for Spacecraft Proximity Operations written by Robin Marie Vaughan and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Limiting Future Collision Risk to Spacecraft written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-11-16 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derelict satellites, equipment and other debris orbiting Earth (aka space junk) have been accumulating for many decades and could damage or even possibly destroy satellites and human spacecraft if they collide. During the past 50 years, various National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) communities have contributed significantly to maturing meteoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) programs to their current state. Satellites have been redesigned to protect critical components from MMOD damage by moving critical components from exterior surfaces to deep inside a satellite's structure. Orbits are monitored and altered to minimize the risk of collision with tracked orbital debris. MMOD shielding added to the International Space Station (ISS) protects critical components and astronauts from potentially catastrophic damage that might result from smaller, untracked debris and meteoroid impacts. Limiting Future Collision Risk to Spacecraft: An Assessment of NASA's Meteoroid and Orbital Debris Program examines NASA's efforts to understand the meteoroid and orbital debris environment, identifies what NASA is and is not doing to mitigate the risks posed by this threat, and makes recommendations as to how they can improve their programs. While the report identified many positive aspects of NASA's MMOD programs and efforts including responsible use of resources, it recommends that the agency develop a formal strategic plan that provides the basis for prioritizing the allocation of funds and effort over various MMOD program needs. Other necessary steps include improvements in long-term modeling, better measurements, more regular updates of the debris environmental models, and other actions to better characterize the long-term evolution of the debris environment.
Download or read book Space Insurance International Legal Aspects written by Katarzyna Malinowska and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insurance related to outer space activities has been around since the 1960s, but has become vastly more significant with the increased commercial use of satellites. This book focuses on the legal aspects of space insurance in the contractual context, analysing space risk as well as the insurance terms used on the market. It offers the first in-depth coverage, both practical and theoretical, of space insurance from an international law perspective. Attending throughout to the important and problematic distinction between the space segment (upstream) and ground segment (downstream) in space law, this book deals comprehensively with such issues and topics as the following: - the main hazards relating to space activities; - the impact of new space technologies on the level of risk and insurance; - the differing types of risks attributable to various entities in the context of insurable interest; - aspects of the space risk allocation regimes and risk assessment; - the impact of the five ‘space treaties’ – the Outer Space Treaty, the Liability Convention, the Rescue Agreement, the Registration Convention and the Moon Agreement – on the subject and scope of insurance coverage; - the advent of suborbital flight, commercial human space flight and space tourism in the context of emerging insurance risks; - the problem of space debris; - contractual aspects of space activities affecting the space insurance risks; - basic notions such as ‘outer space’, ‘space object’ in the context of space activities and related insurance coverage; - basic insurance principles and their operation in the space insurance; and - the adjustment of losses and the settlement of disputes in space insurance. The author emphasises the need to understand the various insurance risks facing particular types of commercial space activities, including pre-launch, launch, transportation, spaceflight, satellite communications, satellite navigation, satellite remote sensing and space station operation. Satellites are increasingly a vital part of many daily activities of contemporary society and the Earth’s orbit is becoming ever more crowded, heightening the risks of collision, damage and claims. This thoroughly researched book will therefore be extremely useful to lawyers, policymakers and academics tasked with defining the scope of insurance coverage that accurately mirrors technological, contractual and legal reality. Its practical aspect will be of extraordinary value to insurance lawyers, underwriters and brokers.
Download or read book Spacecraft Proximity Operations Used to Estimate the Dynamical Physical Properties of a Resident Space Object written by Abraham Franz Brunner and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Automated Rendezvous and Docking of Spacecraft written by Wigbert Fehse and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-11-13 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive reference for space engineers on rendezvous and docking/berthing (RVD/B) related issues, this book answers key questions such as: How does the docking vehicle accurately approach the target spacecraft? What technology is needed aboard the spacecraft to perform automatic rendezvous and docking, and what systems are required by ground control to supervise this process? How can the proper functioning of all rendezvous-related equipment, systems and operations be verified before launch? The book provides an overview of the major issues governing approach and mating strategies, and system concepts for rendezvous and docking/berthing. These issues are described and explained such that aerospace engineers, students and even newcomers to the field can acquire a basic understanding of RVD/B. The author would like to extend his thanks to Dr Shufan Wu, GNC specialist and translator of the book's Chinese edition, for his help in the compilation of these important errata.
Download or read book Space Debris written by Heiner Klinkrad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-01 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future evolution of the debris environment will be forecast on the basis of traffic models and possible hazard mitigation practices. The text shows how large trackable objects will have re-entry pinpointed and predictions made on related risk assessment for possible ground impact. Models will also be described for meteoroids which are also a prevailing risk.
Download or read book Spacecraft Collision Avoidance Technology written by Zhang Rongzhi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-18 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spacecraft Collision Avoidance Technology presents the theory and practice of space collision avoidance. The title gives models of time and space environment, their impact on high-precision orbit prediction, considers optimal orbit determination methods and models in different warning stages, and establishes basic models for warning and avoidance. Chapters present an outline of spacecraft collision warning strategy, elaborate on the basics of orbital calculation for collision avoidance, consider space object detection technology, detail space environment and object orbit, give a method for spacecraft collision warning orbit calculation, and finally, demonstrate a strategy for spacecraft collision warning and avoidance. Presents strategies, methods and real-world examples relating to space collision avoidance Considers time and space environment models in orbit prediction Gives optimal orbit determination methods and models for various warning stages Establishes and elaborates basic models for warning and avoidance Takes note of the current space environment for object detection and collision avoidance
Download or read book Signal and Information Processing Networking and Computers written by Jiande Sun and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-01 with total page 1534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects selected papers from the 8th Conference on Signal and Information Processing, Networking and Computers held in Ji’nan, Shandong, China on September 13-17, 2021. It focuses on the current works of information theory, communication system, computer science, aerospace technologies and big data and other related technologies. Readers from both academia and industry of this field can contribute and find their interests from the book.
Download or read book Effects of Uncertainty Refinement on Satellite Collision Probability written by Bruce Thomas Morrison and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Due to the drastic increase in orbital debris about the Earth, the likelihood for new and current mission satellites to collide with other objects grows. When a mission satellite is placed in a highly populated orbit in the vicinity of other satellites or debris, it is necessary to consider the probability of collision to assess any possible conjunctions. The computation of the collision probability is heavily dependent on the relative position and velocity of the objects during conjunction, as well as the combined covariance. There are two main types of analytic collision probability computations; the first assumes that the objects in conjunction are characterized by linear relative motion at the time of closest approach, and the second assumes that the objects will maintain highly nonlinear relative motion. The size of the covariances of both objects plays a significant role in the computation of collision probability. In order to decrease the size of the combined covariance, both objects will be tracked through time, generating measurements from the states of position and velocity. These measurements are utilized by an extended Kalman filter to develop a more confident estimate of the relative position, velocity, and covariance, which will affect the size of the combined covariance and ultimately alter the probability of collision. This allows a method of analyzing the probability of collision for any case, as it will no longer be a single and somewhat arbitrary value. To further understand the analysis on the probability of collision, Monte Carlo trials are conducted to validate the effects of observation on the probability of collision. These trials offer insight to every collision probability application and can be utilized more effectively to gage whether or not a satellite should maneuver"--Abstract, page iii.
Download or read book Study of the Risk of Impact Between a Spacecraft and Space Debris written by Tomas Arrufat Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work lies in the field of Space Situational Awareness (SSA). Nowadays there is a clear interest within Europe to know in detail the real time distribution of space debris objects orbiting around the Earth. One of the main problems from that population is the collision risk between operational satellites and the space debris. For this reason, it is necessary to characterize the probability of collision between the objects in near Earth altitudes whose orbits are known with certain level of uncertainty. First of all, as part of this work, a review of the existing methods to compute the probability will be done. Some of them are based on the hypothesis of statistical distribution of the object trajectory uncertainties, while others are based on Monte Carlo methods. It is necessary to compare those methods and select one for its operational implementation. Moreover, nowadays the most accurate available information for space operators to compute the conjunction probability is the Conjunction Summary Message (CSM) provided by the US Strategic Command to all commercial operators. These messages characterize geometrically the conjunction but do not provide information related to the collision probability. The central objective of the project will be to develop a tool able to handle the information contained in the CSM and calculate the probability related to the specific conjunction described in the CSM. In addition, in order to better understand the conjunction and produce some graphical representations, additional information will be also extracted from the CSM. Open Source Java libraries will be used for the code implementation. Those libraries implement the necessary algorithms to propagate orbits or transform coordinate systems particularly between inertial and Earth fixed frames. However, those libraries do not contain any algorithm to compute the collision risk. For the tool validation, some published examples in the literature will be analyzed and compared with the tool developed in the project. Furthermore, a Monte Carlo method will be also used as an independent validation. A methodology similar to that proposed by the ECSS standards from the European Space Agency will be used for the development of the tool. This implies defining the following clear phases for the project: requirements engineering, design, implementation, validation and acceptance.
Download or read book On the Trajectory Design Guidance and Control for Spacecraft Rendezvous and Proximity Operations written by Georgia Iuliana Deaconu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent space missions rely more and more on the cooperation between different spacecraft in order to achieve a desired objective. Among the spacecraft proximity operations, the orbital rendezvous is a classical example that has generated a large amount of studies since the beginning of the space exploration. However, the motivations and objectives for the proximity operations have considerably changed. The need for higher autonomy, better security and lower costs prompts for the development of new guidance and control algorithms. The presence of different types of constraints and physical limitations also contributes to the increased complexity of the problem. In this challenging context, this dissertation represents a contribution to the development of new spacecraft guidance and control algorithms. The works presented in this dissertation are based on a structural analysis of the spacecraft relative dynamics. Using a simplified model, a new set of parametric expressions is developed for the relative motion. This parametrization is very well suited for the analysis of the geometric properties of periodic relative trajectories and for handling different types of state constraints. A formal connection is evidenced between the set of parameters that define constrained trajectories and the cone of positive semi-definite matrices. This result is exploited in the design of spacecraft relative trajectories for proximity operations, in the impulsive control framework. The resulting guidance algorithms enable the guaranteed continuous constraints satisfaction, while still relying on semi-definite programming tools. The problem of the robustness of the computed maneuvers with respect to navigation uncertainties is also addressed.
Download or read book A Parametric Analysis of Orbital Debris Collision Probability and Maneuver Rate for Space Vehicles written by James Lee Foster (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimation of Minimum Required Thrust for Spacecraft Collision Avoidance written by P. Gavigan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The minimum thrust required for a spacecraft to perform a collision avoidance maneuver, subject to a three day warning, has been estimated. The method used is based on the concept of a proximity region violation, where a collision risk is based on whether a space object violates the proximity region of another object. As such, a collision avoidance maneuver, such that the spacecraft is outside of the proximity region at the Time of Closest Approach (TCA), was determined. Hill's equations were used as part of an optimization algorithm in order to estimate the minimum thrust required for such a maneuver. This effort validates the concept that minimalistic thrusters with very small effective [Delta]v could be used for performing collision avoidance with sufficient waning time.
Download or read book Dragonfly written by Bryan Burrough and published by Harper Perennial. This book was released on 2000-03-01 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a behind-the-scenes account of NASA's ambitious and sometimes tumultuous involvement with Russia's problem-plagued Mir space station over three years.
