Download or read book Soil Microbial Community Response to Maize Grown for High Yield in Rotation with Soybeans written by Elizabeth S. Jeske and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimating the Contribution of the Soil Microbial Community to the Crop Rotation Effect written by Marian Lund Bolton and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crop rotation is a common cultural management strategy that has been practiced for thousands of years due to the many documented benefits including, increased yield, decreased disease pressure, and increased soil nutrient retention. While the benefits of crop rotation have been well established, the primary drivers behind these agronomic benefits remain unclear. In this dissertation, the contribution of the bulk soil microbial communities to the corn (Zea mays) - soybean (Glycine max) crop rotation effect was evaluated at the Arlington Agricultural Research Station's long-term rotation research plots in Arlington, Wisconsin. Over the 2016 growing season, the differences community structure and dynamics between bulk soil microbial communities of continuous corn, continuous soybean, annually rotated corn and soybean, and five-year rotated corn and soybean were evaluated in the spring and the fall. Spring bulk soil bacterial community structures differed based on the rotational or monoculture management strategy, however, this trend was not observed with the fall communities. Spring bulk soil bacterial communities of the five-year soy rotation were also more similar to that of a continuous soybean community as years of soybean monoculture increased. This was not true of the five-year corn rotations. There was a positive correlation between increasing dissimilarity from a continuous soybean bacterial community structure and increasing soybean yield of the previous season, however there was no correlation with fall communities and the end of the season soybean yield. Carbon-use community-level physiological profiles of bulk soil communities at midseason and harvest did not differ by rotation scheme, however the average microbial catabolic activity of the annual rotations was greater than that of the monoculture at both timepoints. Additionally, corn plants grown in continuous soybean field soil had greater root dry biomass and leaf surface area compared to those grown in continuous corn soil and this trend was also observed when corn plants were grown in soil containing only 10% of the continuous soybean field soil and 90% double-pasteurized field soil. The combination of these three community evaluation methods provide a multifaceted estimation of the contribution of bulk soil microbial communities to the corn-soybean rotation effect in south central Wisconsin.
Download or read book Soil microbiome community and functional succession mechanism driven by different factors in agricultural ecology written by Bin Huang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-29 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three year Soybean wheat corn Rotation Benefits on Soybean Production Soil Health and Soil Bacterial Community are Site and Year Dependent written by Daowen Huo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Higher crop rotational diversity can improve crop productivity, soil health and soil microbial diversity. This research hypothesized that three-year (3-yr) rotation of soybean-corn-wheat would have higher soybean productivity, better soil health and more diverse soil bacterial community compared to two-year (2-yr) soybean-corn rotation. A rotation experiment was established in 2013 at two research sites in Ohio. Soybean seedling establishment and biomass, crop yield and soil were collected in 2018 and 2019. Higher seedling stand and biomass, and soybean yield were observed in the 3-yr rotation but the results were not consistent across all site-year combinations. Soil organic matter was higher in the 3-yr rotation at three out of four site-years. Similarly, higher soil carbon, nitrogen and active carbon was detected in the 3-yr rotation at one site-year. The bacterial community at NWARS and WARS also different. However, at each site, the diversity of soil bacteria, sampled at soybean seedling stage, did not differ between the 2-yr and 3-yr rotation. Seven major phyla and nine core bacterial sequence variants were found in samples from all treatments. Nevertheless, compared to the 2-yr rotation, the 3-yr rotation had a unique set of six taxa, absent in the 2-yr rotation samples, and higher abundance of Pseudomonas sequence variants and lower abundance of Ralstonia sequence variants. Most of the 3-yr rotational benefits were detected on site-year combinations where environment and weather conditions were unfavorable to soybean growth, such as poorly drained soil, high precipitation, and fewer growing degree days. Hence, under unfavorable conditions, the 3-yr rotation of soybean-corn-wheat is recommended for soybean and soil benefits.
Download or read book Integrated Soil Fertility Management in Africa written by Nteranya Sanginga and published by CIAT. This book was released on 2009 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forward. A call for integrated soil fertility management in Africa. Introduction. ISFM and the African farmer. Part I. The principles of ISFM: ISFM as a strategic goal, Fertilizer management within ISFM, Agro-minerals in ISFM, Organic resource management, ISFM, soil biota and soil health. Part II. ISFM practices: ISFM products and fields practices, ISFM practice in drylands, ISFM practice in savannas and woodlands, ISFM practice in the humid forest zone, Conservation Agriculture. Part III. The process of implementing ISFM: soil fertility diagnosis, soil fertility management advice, Dissemination of ISFM technologies, Designing an ISFM adoption project, ISFM at farm and landscape scales. Part IV. The social dimensions of ISFM: The role of ISFM in gender empowerment, ISFM and household nutrition, Capacity building in ISFM, ISFM in the policy arena, Marketing support for ISFM, Advancing ISFM in Africa. Appendices: Mineral nutrient contents of some common organic resources.
Download or read book Analysis of Generalized Linear Mixed Models in the Agricultural and Natural Resources Sciences written by Edward E. Gbur and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Generalized Linear Mixed Models in the Agricultural and Natural Resources Sciences provides readers with an understanding and appreciation for the design and analysis of mixed models for non-normally distributed data. It is the only publication of its kind directed specifically toward the agricultural and natural resources sciences audience. Readers will especially benefit from the numerous worked examples based on actual experimental data and the discussion of pitfalls associated with incorrect analyses.
Download or read book Microbial Communities and Functions Contribute to Plant Performance Under Various Stresses written by Hui Li and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-02 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Omics Driven Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance volume II written by Weicong Qi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-09-04 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change and global warming are arising threats to ecology and agriculture, and the biotic and abiotic stresses on crop cultivation are becoming more severe. Simultaneously, hunger and poverty remain widespread around the world and are rather thriving with the global population increases, over-fertilization, and land degradation. Rising challenges therefore make the adaptation of agriculture to the environment even more pivotal. Plant tolerance against various stress, including abiotic and biotic stresses mostly, is a classic topic and also a hot spot, of which the goal is to provide possibilities to improve the crops’ sustainability in coping with varied environments. Sustainable crop improvement can help feed the growing population in such an era of shrinking arable land and dwindling water resources. Worldwide, the inexorable exposure of plants to the environment makes crops always come to cross biotic and abiotic stresses, which constantly affect the food supply. Scientists have devoted efforts to improve crop resistance against devastating stressors such as drought, salt, nutrition deprivation, pests and pathogens, etc., and save yields from destruction. With the explosive development of omics technologies, e.g., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, interactomics, and phenomics, crop improvement is embarking on a fire-new bioinformatics era. The integration of multi-omics will provide new perspectives to understand the intricate nature of stress response in crops
Download or read book Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect written by John M. Kimble and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect focuses on proper management of soils and its effects on global change, specifically, the greenhouse effect. It contains up-to-date information on a broad range of important soil management topics, emphasizing the critical role of soil for carbon storage. Sequestration and emission of carbon and other gases are examined in various ecosystems, in both natural and managed environments, to provide a comprehensive overview. This useful reference includes chapters that address policy issues, as well as research and development priorities. The material in this volume is valuable not only to soil scientists but to the entire environmental science community.
Download or read book Soil Management written by Jerry L. Hatfield and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Degradation of soils continues at a pace that will eventually create a local, regional, or even global crisis when diminished soil resources collide with increasing climate variation. It's not too late to restore our soils to a more productive state by rediscovering the value of soil management, building on our well-established and ever-expanding scientific understanding of soils. Soil management concepts have been in place since the cultivation of crops, but we need to rediscover the principles that are linked together in effective soil management. This book is unique because of its treatment of soil management based on principles—the physical, chemical, and biological processes and how together they form the foundation for soil management processes that range from tillage to nutrient management. Whether new to soil science or needing a concise reference, readers will benefit from this book's ability to integrate the science of soils with management issues and long-term conservation efforts.
Download or read book Microbial Strategies for Crop Improvement written by Mohammad Saghir Khan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-25 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an ever-increasing human population, the demand placed upon the agriculture sector to supply more food is one of the greatest challenges for the agrarian community. In order to meet this challenge, environmentally unfriendly agroch- icals have played a key role in the green revolution and are even today commonly recommended to circumvent nutrient de?ciencies of the soils. The use of ag- chemicals is, though, a major factor for improvement of plant production; it causes a profound deteriorating effect on soil health (soil fertility) and in turn negatively affects the productivity and sustainability of crops. Concern over disturbance to the microbial diversity and consequently soil fertility (as these microbes are involved in biogeochemical processes), as well as economic constraints, have prompted fun- mental and applied research to look for new agro-biotechnologies that can ensure competitive yields by providing suf?ciently not only essential nutrients to the plants but also help to protect the health of soils by mitigating the toxic effects of certain pollutants. In this regard, the role of naturally abundant yet functionally fully unexplored microorganisms such as biofertilizers assume a special signi?cance in the context of supplementing plant nutrients, cost and environmental impact under both conventional practices and derelict environments. Therefore, current devel- ments in sustainability involve a rational exploitation of soil microbial communities and the use of inexpensive, though less bio-available, sources of plant nutrients, which may be made available to plants by microbially-mediated processes.
Download or read book Strategies to Define and Improve Soil Health in North Central US Soybean written by Lindsay Chamberlain Malone (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil is the foundation for human civilization - it is the literal foundation of our homes, the source of raw materials, a filter and storage system for the water we drink, a medium for plant growth, and a habitat for many organisms. Keeping the soils of our planet healthy to carry out these functions is incredibly important. In agriculture, there is a building movement to study and improve soil health across the landscape, of which this research is a small part. This body of research addresses several areas within soil health; how we define and test for healthy soil, practices that may help build healthier soil, and some of the practical challenges of managing for soil health. We specifically focused on annual row crop systems in the North Central US region, and in particular soybean production. First, we focused on a few practical soil health tests that could be adopted by farmers - linking these measurements to both historical management and soybean yield. This study was a community-science project that relied on the help of Wisconsin soybean farmers to sample their fields and relay management information. The results of this study will help direct future research and identified crop rotation as a key area for soil health improvement. Next, we examined some common production practices related to building soil health and their effects on crop yield using long-term crop rotation studies. We looked at the effects of tillage, crop rotation, and foliar fungicide use on corn and soybean yield, and the legacy effect of the latter two of these treatments on soil fungal populations. Microbial communities carry out critical functions in soil, so it is important to understand how human activity shapes their populations. Finally, another long-term rotation study was used to look at the feasibility and yield effects of establishing cover crops, a key soil health practice, in annual row crop systems in Wisconsin. Overall, this work identifies avenues for both measuring and improving soil health in North Central US soybean.
Download or read book Handbook of Structural Equation Modeling written by Rick H. Hoyle and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2023-02-17 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This accessible volume presents both the mechanics of structural equation modeling (SEM) and specific SEM strategies and applications. The editor, along with an international group of contributors, and editorial advisory board are leading methodologists who have organized the book to move from simpler material to more statistically complex modeling approaches. Sections cover the foundations of SEM; statistical underpinnings, from assumptions to model modifications; steps in implementation, from data preparation through writing the SEM report; and basic and advanced applications, including new and emerging topics in SEM. Each chapter provides conceptually oriented descriptions, fully explicated analyses, and engaging examples that reveal modeling possibilities for use with readers' data. Many of the chapters also include access to data and syntax files at the companion website, allowing readers to try their hands at reproducing the authors' results"--
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably 3rd Ed written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education in the Field written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest is growing in sustainable agriculture, which involves the use of productive and profitable farming practices that take advantage of natural biological processes to conserve resources, reduce inputs, protect the environment, and enhance public health. Continuing research is helping to demonstrate the ways that many factorsâ€"economics, biology, policy, and traditionâ€"interact in sustainable agriculture systems. This book contains the proceedings of a workshop on the findings of a broad range of research projects funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The areas of study, such as integrated pest management, alternative cropping and tillage systems, and comparisons with more conventional approaches, are essential to developing and adopting profitable and sustainable farming systems.
Download or read book Compositional Data Analysis in Practice written by Michael Greenacre and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compositional data are quantitative descriptions of the parts of some whole, conveying exclusively relative information. Examples are found in various fields, including geology, medicine, chemistry, agriculture, economics, social science, etc. This concise book presents a very applied introduction to compositional data analysis, focussing on the use of R for analysis. It includes lots of real examples, code snippets, and colour figures, to illustrate the methods.
