Download or read book Social Unrests and Fuel Prices The Role of Macroeconomic Social and Institutional Factors written by Alassane Drabo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-10-27 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the impact of fuel price increases on social unrests in addition to the macroeconomic, social and institutional factors driving this relationship. Using the IV fixed-effect estimator on a sample of 101 developing countries during 2001-2020, we find that changes in fuel prices are positively associated with the number of social unrests, mainly anti-government demonstrations. This impact is however amplified: (i) during economic downturns and periods of high exchange rate instability; (ii) when government spending is low, especially on health and education, thus suggesting that streamlining fuel subsides and diverting parts of the reform savings to the health and education sectors is an appropriate policy that could appease social tensions; (iii) in countries with high income inequality, low institutional quality and high level of corruption. The results are robust to a battery of tests, including the use of an instrumental variable approach to address reverse causality concerns given that social unrests could also prompt a freeze in fuel prices. We also find consistent results using either changes in diesel or gasoline prices. Overall, the findings of the paper provide support to the grievance and deprivation theory in explaining the association between fuel price increases and social unrests, but fail to find evidence for the resource theory and the theory of political opportunities.
Download or read book The Global Social Crisis written by United Nations and published by UN. This book was released on 2011 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During 2008-2009, the world experienced its worst financial and economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The crisis followed the effects of the food and fuel price hikes in 2007 and 2008. In 2009, global output contracted by 2 per cent. This 2011 Report on the World Social Situation reviews the ongoing adverse social consequences of these crises after an overview of its causes and transmission.
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Download or read book Globalization and Poverty written by Ann Harrison and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, the percentage of the world’s population living on less than a dollar a day has been cut in half. How much of that improvement is because of—or in spite of—globalization? While anti-globalization activists mount loud critiques and the media report breathlessly on globalization’s perils and promises, economists have largely remained silent, in part because of an entrenched institutional divide between those who study poverty and those who study trade and finance. Globalization and Poverty bridges that gap, bringing together experts on both international trade and poverty to provide a detailed view of the effects of globalization on the poor in developing nations, answering such questions as: Do lower import tariffs improve the lives of the poor? Has increased financial integration led to more or less poverty? How have the poor fared during various currency crises? Does food aid hurt or help the poor? Poverty, the contributors show here, has been used as a popular and convenient catchphrase by parties on both sides of the globalization debate to further their respective arguments. Globalization and Poverty provides the more nuanced understanding necessary to move that debate beyond the slogans.
Download or read book Social Justice in an Open World written by and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Forum for Social Development was a 3 year project undertaken by the United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs between 2001 and 2004 to promote international cooperation for social development and supporting developing countries and social groups not benefiting from the globalization process. This publication provides an overview and interpretation of the discussions and debates that occurred at the four meetings of the Forum for Social Development held at the United Nations headquarters in New York, within the framework of the implementation of the outcome of the World Summit for Social Development.
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Download or read book Links Between Growth Inequality and Poverty A Survey written by Ms. Valerie Cerra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.
Download or read book Achieving Sustainable Development and Promoting Development Cooperation written by Department of Economic & Social Affairs and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of the key debates that took place during the Economic and Social Council meetings at the 2007 High-level Segment, at which ECOSOC organized its first biennial Development Cooperation Forum. The discussions also revolved around the theme of the second Annual Ministerial Review, "Implementing the internationally agreed goals and commitments in regard to sustainable development."--P. 4 of cover.
Download or read book Does Capitalism Have a Future written by Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Does Capitalism Have a Future?, the prominent theorist Georgi Derleugian has gathered together a quintet of eminent macrosociologists to assess whether the capitalist system can survive.
Download or read book Making Globalization Work written by Joseph E Stiglitz and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2006-08-29 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Four years ago, Joseph E. Stiglitz outlined the problems our rapidly integrating world was facing in Globalization and Its Discontents." "Now, in Making Globalization Work, Stiglitz brings the story up to the present, examining how change has occurred occurred even more rapidly over the past four years, proposing solutions, and looking to the future. He puts forward radical new ways of dealing with the crippling indebtedness of developing countries, recommends a new system of global reserves to overcome international financial instability, and provides new proposals for addressing the current impasse in dealing with global warming - the most important threat to the world's environment. He argues for the reform of global institutions - the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank - as well as for international trade agreements and intellectual property laws to make these institutions truly capable of responding to the problems of our age. Throughout, Stiglitz makes a compelling case that treating developing countries more fairly is not only morally right but is ultimately to the advantage of the developed world too."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book The Washington Consensus Reconsidered written by Narcís Serra and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2008-04-24 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: From the Washington Consensus towards a new global governance / Narcís Serra, Shari Spiegel, Joseph E. Stiglitz -- A short history of the Washington Consensus / John Williamson -- Inequality and redistribution / Paul Krugman -- Is there a post-Washington Consensus consensus? / Joseph E. Stiglitz -- The Barcelona development agenda -- A broad view of macroeconomic stability / José Antonio Ocampo -- The wild ones : industrial policies in the developing world / Alice H. Amsden -- Sudden stop, financial factors, and economic collapse in Latin America : learning from Argentina and Chile / Guillermo A. Calvo, Ernesto Talvi -- Towards a new modus operandi of the international financial system / Daniel Cohen -- The world trading system and implications of external opening / Jeffrey A. Frankel -- The world trading system and development concerns / Martin Khor -- Reforming labor market institutions : unemployment insurance and employment protection / Olivier Blanchard -- International migration and economic development / Deepak Nayyar -- The future of global governance / Joseph E. Stiglitz -- Growth diagnostics / Ricardo Hausmann, Dani Rodrik, Andrés Velasco -- A practical approach to formulating growth strategies / Dani Rodrik.
Download or read book Global Waves of Debt written by M. Ayhan Kose and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.
Download or read book Papua New Guinea written by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-07-18 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background. On March 22, 2023, the IMF Executive Board approved 38-month Extended Credit Facility (ECF) and Extended Fund Facility (EFF) arrangements with Papua New Guinea to help address a protracted balance of payments need manifested in foreign exchange shortages and to support the authorities’ reforms to address long-standing structural impediments to inclusive growth. The authorities have made progress in implementing reforms supported by the program, demonstrating continued commitment to program’s objectives. The tense political and social environment, culminating in civil unrest in January 2024, has affected the parliamentary calendar and delayed the adoption of laws.
Download or read book Our Common Future written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fair Weather or Foul The Macroeconomic Effects of El Ni o written by Mr.Paul Cashin and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper employs a dynamic multi-country framework to analyze the international macroeconomic transmission of El Niño weather shocks. This framework comprises 21 country/region-specific models, estimated over the period 1979Q2 to 2013Q1, and accounts for not only direct exposures of countries to El Niño shocks but also indirect effects through thirdmarkets. We contribute to the climate-macroeconomy literature by exploiting exogenous variation in El Niño weather events over time, and their impact on different regions crosssectionally, to causatively identify the effects of El Niño shocks on growth, inflation, energy and non-fuel commodity prices. The results show that there are considerable heterogeneities in the responses of different countries to El Niño shocks. While Australia, Chile, Indonesia, India, Japan, New Zealand and South Africa face a short-lived fall in economic activity in response to an El Niño shock, for other countries (including the United States and European region), an El Niño occurrence has a growth-enhancing effect. Furthermore, most countries in our sample experience short-run inflationary pressures as both energy and non-fuel commodity prices increase. Given these findings, macroeconomic policy formulation should take into consideration the likelihood and effects of El Niño weather episodes.
Download or read book The Great Transformation Foreword by Robert M MacIver written by Karl Polanyi and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fiscal Consolidation Taking Stock of Success Factors Impact and Design written by Vybhavi Balasundharam and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-03-17 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiscal Consolidation: Taking Stock of Success Factors, Impact, and Design
