Download or read book Social Context Factors Stage of Change and HIV Risk Behaviors Among African American Female Adolescents written by Gretchen K. Lindner and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book AIDS and Behavior written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIV is spreading rapidly, and effective treatments continue to elude science. Preventive interventions are now our best defense against the epidemicâ€"but they require a clear understanding of the behavioral and mental health aspects of HIV infection and AIDS. AIDS and Behavior provides an update of what investigators in the biobehavioral, psychological, and social sciences have discovered recently about those aspects of the disease and offers specific recommendations for research directions and priorities. This volume candidly discusses the sexual and drug-use behaviors that promote transmission of HIV and reports on the latest efforts to monitor the epidemic in its social contexts. The committee reviews new findings on how and why risky behaviors occur and efforts to develop strategies for changing such behaviors. The volume presents findings on the disease's progression and on the psychosocial impacts of HIV and AIDS, with a view toward intervention and improved caregiving. AIDS and Behavior also evaluates the status of behavioral and prevention aspects of AIDS research at the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. The volume presents background on the three institutes; their recent reorganization; their research budgets, programs, and priorities; and other important details. The committee offers specific recommendations for the institutes concerning the balance between biomedical and behavioral investigations, adequacy of administrative structures, and other research management issues. Anyone interested in the continuing quest for new knowledge on preventing HIV and AIDS will want to own this book: policymakers, researchers, research administrators, public health professionals, psychologists, AIDS advocates and service providers, faculty, and students.
Download or read book Community Collaborative Partnerships written by Mary M. McKay and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illustrative case studies, quality research, revealing personal stories, and helpful tables and figures provide valuable insights on innovative ways to partner in the prevention of the spread of HIV in youths.
Download or read book The Network Relations Study written by Todd G. Pierce and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African American women are amongst the fastest growing population of new HIV cases in the United States. Washington, D.C. represents the highest rates of HIV in the United States. There are many contributing factors as to why African American women are at such risk. Poverty, violence, illegal drug use and histories of childhood sexual abuse are some of these factors. This dissertation examines the interplay between violence, social networks, drug abuse, sexual behaviors and HIV risk among African American women in Washington, D.C. who have had lifelong histories as victims of violence and sexual abuse. Thirty-two months of ethnographic research was conducted with five selected women who have histories of drug abuse, sexual abuse and other forms of abuse and violence in their lives. Research was also conducted with harm reduction organizations, such as HIV risk reduction outreach and education organizations to assist in contextualizing the participating women's lives. Neighborhood community data collected on issues of violence and social beliefs provided further social contexts in which to frame the lives of the participating women. A multi-methodological approach using participant observation, life history interviews, social network plotting and event recall interviews was utilized to illustrate and examine the effects of psychological and physical trauma brought on by experiences of violence and abuse, and how said trauma impact individual social and sexual practices. This research also examined ways in which cyclical violence and abuse within the participating women's family and social network histories have influenced the women's decision-making abilities with regards to HIV risk behaviors. This research illustrates the interplay between the self and social networks in relation to drug addiction and violence, and demonstrates how violence affects the self and limits human agency, especially in regard to HIV risk behaviors, and identifies the need to include childhood sexual abuse as a key indicator for risk of HIV and other diseases and social ailments.
Download or read book Psychosocial Factors that Contribute to HIV AIDS Risk Behaviors Among Young Black College Women written by Binta D. Alleyne and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the relationship between certain factors associated with the Theory of Gender and Power including: sexual relationships, condom use self-efficacy, substance use, and.perceived risk to HIV/AIDS risk behaviors among young Black college women. It provides an intellectual context for empirically-based and theory-supported interventions geared toward this population. African American women are disproportionately burdened by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Statistics show that African American women account for 64% of all HIV/AIDS cases reported in 2005 compared to White women at 19% and Hispanic women at 15% (CDC, 2005). Typically, the majority of HIV/AIDS research focuses on prevention for lowincome, substance abusing minority women, adolescents, and men who have sex with men (MSM), while young Black college women are ignored as a risk group. Though this group does not have some of the common risk factors commonly associated with HIV such as poverty, injection drug use, or low levels of education, they still engage in behaviors that place them at risk for contracting HIV. This study consisted of convenience sample of 189 young Black women from Clark Atlanta University between the ages of 18 and 24. Participants were recruited through various campus student organizations. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to test each research hypothesis. Results indicated that type(s) of sexual relationship was the strongest predictor of condom use among young Black college women and accounted for 2.5% of the variance in their condom use. HIV/AIDS knowledge, condom use self-efficacy, substance use nor HIV/AIDS perceived risk predicted this sample's condom use.
Download or read book Sociocultural HIV Risk Knowledge and Behavior Among Female African American Adolescents and Emerging Adults in the Southeast written by Martina Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this study is to determine sociocultural influences of HIV risk knowledge and behavior among African-American adolescent and emerging adult women in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Bridging multiple worlds, cultural consensus, and cultural consonance theories were combined to discover sociocultural influences of HIV risk. Sociocultural descriptions of HIV risk converge and diverge with the public health model of HIV prevention. This following was hypothesized: (1) girls aged 14-18 will share a cultural model of HIV risk; (2) greater social integration and support will correlate with lower retrospective culturally-defined HIV risk scores among women age 18-24; (3) greater social support and lower culturally-defined HIV risk scores will be mediated by greater number of important individuals and social worlds, and will be moderated by (a) location and (b) SES; (4) location will reveal variance in culturally-defined HIV risk scores among participants 18-24 based on location; and (5) lower culturally-defined HIV risk scores in high school will be correlated with current decreased perceived stress, with this relationship being mediated by (a) greater worlds, (b) greater number of important people, (c) greater past social support, and (d) greater present social support. In-depth interviews, focus groups, participant observation, and informal discussions ethnographically describe African-American adolescent life in Alabama. Cultural consensus analysis is used to determine if the cultural model is shared, while techniques informed by cultural consonance analysis determined how individuals enact the model. Statistical testing include correlation, ANOVA, mediation, and moderation analysis. Results show a shared cultural model of HIV risk consisting of characteristics, behaviors, iii social worlds, and important people describing low and high risk. Relationships between social support and culturally-defined HIV risk scores are moderated by SES. In addition, location of recruitment and interview showed differing mean culturally-defined HIV risk scores, with highest mean scores found in lowest and highest SES settings, and lowest mean scores in the middle SES setting. Lastly, risk scores mediated the relationship between total past social support and current perceived social stress, and total important people in high school and current perceived stress.
Download or read book Knowledge Beliefs and Reductions in HIV Infection Risk Behaviors Among African American Female Adolescents written by Janis D. Brown and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Context Doing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention with Black Families written by Donte Boyd and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among those that face the greatest risk for contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are black adolescents between the ages of 13 and 24. Nearly one-third of new infections occur among this demographic. Among all youth, black men have higher rates of contracting HIV in comparison to any other race/ethnicity. This study focuses on the roles of the family, primarily parental communication and relationship factors, and school, primarily peers, and teachers, and how they are associated with sexual health behaviors (condom use, HIV testing, etc.); their impact, in short, on shaping health behaviors. This dissertation study examines the following questions among Black adolescent males: (1) Are there mediational relationships between parent support, self-efficacy beliefs about sex, sense of belonging at school, parent relationships, parent attitudes about sex, peer knowledge, racial discrimination, and HIV sexual risk behaviors? (2) Are self-efficacy, sense of belonging, parent support, parent attitudes towards sex, parental relationships, and peer knowledge predictive of HIV testing (ages 14-26)? Using longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Add Health is designed to explore health and social context from adolescence to adulthood (Carolina Population Center). Includes a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents from grades 7 through 12, over four waves (1994-95, 1996, 2001-02, 2008 ) and collects data on respondents' social environment, family environment, behaviors and choices, physical health, education, goals and achievements. The main analytic strategy to addressing research question was a multinomial analysis and a structural equation model. The results indicated that parent support positively predicted HIV testing among Black males at waves 1 and 3. Results also indicated that parent attitudes was negatively associated with males being tested at both waves 1 and 3. These results our important because the eco-developmental theory suggests that microsystems are the most influential with respect to adolescent HIV/Sexually transmitted disease risk behaviors now extending to HIV testing.
Download or read book HIV AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On written by Poul Rohleder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-01 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much has happened since the first appearance of AIDS in 1981: it has been identified, studied, and occasionally denied. The virus has shifted host populations and spread globally. Medicine, the social sciences, and world governments have joined forces to combat and prevent the disease. And South Africa has emerged as ground zero for the pandemic. The editors of HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On present the South African crisis as a template for addressing the myriad issues surrounding the epidemic worldwide, as the book brings together a widely scattered body of literature, analyzes psychosocial and sexual aspects contributing to HIV transmission and prevention, and delves into complex intersections of race, gender, class, and politics. Including largely overlooked populations and issues (e.g., prisoners, persons with disabilities, stigma), as well as challenges shaping future research and policy, the contributors approach their topics with rare depth, meticulous research, carefully drawn conclusions, and profound compassion. Among the topics covered: The relationship between HIV and poverty, starting from the question, "Which is the determinant and which is the consequence?" Epidemiology of HIV among women and men: concepts of femininity and masculinity, and gender inequities as they affect HIV risk; gender-specific prevention and intervention strategies. The impact of AIDS on infants and young children: risk and protective factors; care of children by HIV-positive mothers; HIV-infected children. Current prevention and treatment projects, including local-level responses, community-based work, and VCT (voluntary counseling and testing) programs. New directions: promoting circumcision, vaccine trials, "positive prevention." South Africa’s history of AIDS denialism. The urgent lessons in this book apply both globally and locally, making HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On uniquely instructive and useful for professionals working in HIV/AIDS and global public health.
Download or read book AIDS and Adolescents written by Lorraine Sherr and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1997 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides insight into a wide range of adolescent issues. A series of contributions examines facts and fictions associated with adolescent risk, challenging some of the basic current notions underpinning approaches to the subject.
Download or read book Handbook of HIV Prevention written by John L. Peterson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the theories, methods and approaches for reducing HIV-associated risk behaviors. It represents the first single source of information about HIV prevention research in developed and developing countries. It will be an important resource for students, researchers and clinicians in the field.
Download or read book The Global HIV Epidemics among Sex Workers written by Deanna Kerrigan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A global economic analysis of HIV infection amongst sex workers, finding that evidence based and rights affirming interventions are not implemented to the level that their efficacy warrants, and that doing so at scale would be cost effective and deliver significant returns on investment.
Download or read book Sexually Transmitted Infections written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2021-12-24 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One in five people in the United States had a sexually transmitted infection (STI) on any given day in 2018, totaling nearly 68 million estimated infections. STIs are often asymptomatic (especially in women) and are therefore often undiagnosed and unreported. Untreated STIs can have severe health consequences, including chronic pelvic pain, infertility, miscarriage or newborn death, and increased risk of HIV infection, genital and oral cancers, neurological and rheumatological effects. In light of this, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through the National Association of County and City Health Officials, commissioned the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to examine the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provide recommendations for action. In 1997, the Institute of Medicine released a report, The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Although significant scientific advances have been made since that time, many of the problems and barriers described in that report persist today; STIs remain an underfunded and comparatively neglected field of public health practice and research. The committee reviewed the current state of STIs in the United States, and the resulting report, Sexually Transmitted Infections: Advancing a Sexual Health Paradigm, provides advice on future public health programs, policy, and research.
Download or read book Understanding Women s Empowerment written by Sunita Kishor and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report examines the distribution and correlates of two different dimensions of the empowerment of currently married women age 15-49 in 23 developing countries"-- P. xv.
Download or read book African American Behavior in the Social Environment written by J. Camille Hall and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential text to help to understand human behavior and the processes that guide human adaptation Social workers and therapists need to assess the full range of aspects of their client problems such as socioeconomic status, academic achievement, parental incarceration, psychopathology, and other risks. African American Behavior in the Social Environment: New Perspectives explores the latest empirical and theoretical findings of human behavior and resiliency in African American individuals, families, and communities. Leading scholars provide unique insights into African American mental health, gender relations, family interactions and dynamics, inequality, poverty, the balance between work and family, and nontraditional families. This important text discusses in detail the importance of understanding the processes that guide human adaptation and understanding the dynamics of how particular ethnic groups, cultures, and people use resources to adapt to certain circumstances that can be useful in assessment and treatment. African American Behavior in the Social Environment: New Perspectives presents the analysis and research of several individuals in order to provide an understanding of how the concept of protective factors, racial identity, and racial socialization has been approached, the direction their insights have taken them, and the results of exploring the dynamics of African American behavior in relationship to environments. Research discussed in African American Behavior in the Social Environment: New Perspectives include: socioeconomic status health disparity the impact of having incarcerated parents academic achievement gap kinship ties leadership development race identity and socialization suicide among African American adolescents Black churches impact in HIV/AIDS prevention culturally relevant mental health services gender and sexuality issues policy and practice and much more! African American Behavior in the Social Environment: New Perspectives is an invaluable resource for counselors, marriage and family therapists, educators, and students in African American studies.
Download or read book Drug Abuse written by Meyer D. Glantz and published by Amer Psychological Assn. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are some people more likely than others to become addicted to drugs? What are the best ways to prevent and treat addiction? How should we shape our public policies about drug addiction? Scientific perspectives on drug abuse are changing, and this text provides a comprehensive introduction to current ideas and research about the causes of drug abuse and its prevention and treatment. It also crystallizes the effects that research and public attitudes can and do have on our national drug abuse policies. The theoretical perspectives presented here should be of interest to clinicians and scientists alike, as well as anyone who cares about the societal effects of drug abuse.
Download or read book Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey 2011 written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
