Download or read book The Science of Why Volume 5 written by Jay Ingram and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2020-11-10 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chock-full of peculiar puzzles, mind-bending mythbusters, and quirky questions, the fifth pop science book in the bestselling Science of Why series is perfect for anyone curious about the weird and wondrous world we live in. Have you ever wondered if octopuses are from outer space? What Mexican jumping beans are? Or if banana peels are really slippery? If questions like these are keeping you up at night, you can rest easy. Bestselling author Jay Ingram is here to answer all the whimsical and whacky wonderings that have baffled people since the dawn of time. From our bodies to our pets (and other beasts) to the natural world around us, Jay tackles science topics big and small, such as: Did dinosaurs sit on their eggs? What is our funny bone? Is there a specific muscle that makes dogs cute? Because who hasn’t pondered whether plants have feelings? Or if Robin Hood was a real person? Or what humans will look like in the future? Teeming with amusing answers to bemusing questions—and handy and hilarious illustrations—this latest volume separates fact from fiction, lesson from legend, and myth from marvel. Endlessly illuminating and entertaining, The Science of Why, Volume 5 is five times the fun for new and old readers of the series.

Download or read book Inhibition in the process of feature binding written by Snehlata Jaswal and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feature binding is the process whereby different features such as shape, colour, size, orientation, location, etc. are linked together to form a coherent representation of the object. It is a ubiquitous physiological sequence and an essential phase in information processing, for it provides the basis of mental representations, which in turn, are requisite for all cognitive functions. It is important to realize though, that binding is not an isolated process. There are myriad stimuli impinging on our senses at all times, vying to gain entry into our consciousness. Further, not only does sensory input emanate from a complex, dynamic environment, but it also enters a neural system that is already activated by previous inputs and is oriented towards future goals. Which aspects of the momentary sensory input are selected for further processing depends as much on the state of the system as it does on the sensory input itself. Indeed, some fundamental questions one may ask about binding are whether, why, and how, some features are selected for binding at the cost of others. The bottom-up view of information processing is that the input received by the brain is processed in a largely automatic way to the higher centers in the brain. The physiological basis of binding is postulated to be either conjunctively coding neurons, or synchrony among participating neural networks to encode features and out of phase neural activity to encode separate objects. But, mere perceptual integration of features, whether by synchrony or by specialized neurons, does not even begin to capture the implication that binding results in coherent objects, fundamental for further information processing. An object is not only a bundle of features. At the very least, the features need to be integrated so that the object can be distinguished from other objects. This implies selection and manipulation of the basic information supplied by separate features. The top-down view of information processing contends that binding is more influenced by the reentrant processes (the downward and lateral feedback to the lower areas, emanating from the higher centers of the brain). Reentrant processes not only help to confirm what is correct but also resolve competition. These top-down processes are linked to attention and higher cognitive functions help select relevant input. We aim to debate what happens to the irrelevant information in the process of binding. Are irrelevant features simply lost from the system over time, or are they deliberately deleted? Is there any inhibitory process involved in binding? What is the empirical evidence for such a process at the behavioral level? Is such a process active and resource-demanding or relatively passive and automatic? What do neuropsychological studies show? What are the physiological underpinnings of such a process? How is it incorporated in computational models to increase our understanding of the binding process? The idea is to bring together diverse views on ‘Inhibition in Feature Binding’ with the ultimate aim of better understanding the process of binding and invoking informed and insightful future research.

Download or read book Through Eyes of Wisdom written by Marlon Ligon and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2010-10-07 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contents of this book are simply thoughts and concepts we conceive in our minds we may want to convey, but cannot say it for whatever reason. The words are merely explaining that we as a people need to utilize more love and humbleness towards each other in order to maintain a righteous and divine state of mind. This book captivates peace and happiness with some unhappy gestures and thoughts as well, which is all part of the equilibrium of life. You cannot have a heavenly state of mind without an evil state of mind present to evolve life.

Download or read book Pineal and Retinal Relationships written by Paul G. O'Brien and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pineal and Retinal Relationships presents the proceedings of the Symposium on Pineal and Retinal Relationships, held in Sarasota, Florida on May 3–5, 1985. This book looks at the features that the retina of the lateral eyes and the pineal organ share, including biochemical processes, photoreceptive structures, biorhythmic phenomena, and physiological functions. This text also discusses the general and complex concept of photoneuroendocrine systems. Organized into 27 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the basic features of retinal and pineal receptors. It then proceeds with a discussion of the environmental factors that vertebrates use as cue to synchronize their circannual and circadian rhythms by which they adjust their physiological, behavioral, and biochemical functions. Other chapters consider the melatonin synthesis in vertebrates, which allows them to sequence physiological events into closer temporal position with seasonal climatic changes. This book is a valuable resource to optometrist, neurologist, neurosurgeons, photobiologists, ophthalmologists, and eye care professionals.

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Technology written by Minako O'Hagan and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2019-08-23 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Technology provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of the dynamically evolving relationship between translation and technology. Divided into five parts, with an editor's introduction, this volume presents the perspectives of users of translation technologies, and of researchers concerned with issues arising from the increasing interdependency between translation and technology. The chapters in this Handbook tackle the advent of technologization at both a technical and a philosophical level, based on industry practice and academic research. Containing over 30 authoritative, cutting-edge chapters, this is an essential reference and resource for those studying and researching translation and technology. The volume will also be valuable for translators, computational linguists and developers of translation tools.

Download or read book Eyetracking and Applied Linguistics written by Silvia Hansen-Schirra and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eyetracking has become a powerful tool in scientific research and has finally found its way into disciplines such as applied linguistics and translation studies, paving the way for new insights and challenges in these fields. The aim of the first International Conference on Eyetracking and Applied Linguistics (ICEAL) was to bring together researchers who use eyetracking to empirically answer their research questions. It was intended to bridge the gaps between applied linguistics, translation studies, cognitive science and computational linguistics on the one hand and to further encourage innovative research methodologies and data triangulation on the other hand. These challenges are also addressed in this proceedings volume: While the studies described in the volume deal with a wide range of topics, they all agree on eyetracking as an appropriate methodology in empirical research.

Download or read book Ocular Motor and Vestibular Function in Neurometabolic Neurogenetic and Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Aasef G. Shaikh and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-08-29 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eye movements provide rich source of information about brain functioning for neurologists and neuroscientists. They provide diagnostic clues, define, and localize motor and cognitive disorders. Objective eye movement assessments associated with clinical observation and genetic testing in neurodegenerative, neurometabolic, and neurogenetic diseases provide insight into their pathophysiology and disease mechanism. Finally the eye movements may be used for testing and following the response to therapies. The concrete value of studying eye movement stems from a number of advantages compared to the study of movements of axial or limb muscles. The eye movements are accessible to clinical inspection, they can be measured precisely, their interpretation is clear and therefore ocular motility examination has high localization value. There are several standardized tasks to study of each subclass of eye movements that are recognized for motor or cognitive behavior. Indeed the studies of eye movement had allowed test of motor and cognitive functions of the brain in a vast range of neurological disease. Both cortical and subcortical dysfunctions may be detected with the analysis of subclasses of eye movements and interpreted in association with other clinical, laboratory and neuroimaging features. The goal of this topic-focused volume of Frontiers in Neurology is to gather seminal studies, from well-known scientists and laboratories from across the world, delineating the features of eye movements and vestibular system in neurogenetic, neurometabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders. Such collection of articles, to our knowledge, is unique and never done in the past. The topics and the compilation will be of interest to broad groups of neuroscientists and neurologists for the reasons as follows: 1) Neurodegenerative diseases represent a large portion of neurological diseases encountered in neurological clinical practice. Eye movement changes may occur early in their course and may be specific, thus orienting the diagnosis. 2) Neurometabolic and neurogenetic conditions, although rare, show specific and characteristic eye movements that represent the hallmark of the disease. Such disorders often represent a pathologic model that helps to understand the normal functioning of specific brain regions and networks.

Download or read book Retinal Development written by Evelyne Sernagor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-29 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced text, first published in 2006, takes a developmental approach to the presentation of our understanding of how vertebrates construct a retina. Written by experts in the field, each of the seventeen chapters covers a specific step in the process, focusing on the underlying molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms. There is also a special section on emerging technologies, including genomics, zebrafish genetics, and stem cell biology that are starting to yield important insights into retinal development. Primarily aimed at professionals, both biologists and clinicians working with the retina, this book provides a concise view of vertebrate retinal development. Since the retina is 'an approachable part of the brain', this book will also be attractive to all neuroscientists interested in development, as processes required to build this exquisitely organized system are ultimately relevant to all other parts of the central nervous system.

Download or read book Molecular Genetics of Axial Patterning Growth and Disease in Drosophila Eye written by Amit Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-18 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) is a highly versatile model with a genetic legacy of more than a century. It provides powerful genetic, cellular, biochemical and molecular biology tools to address many questions extending from basic biology to human diseases. One of the most important questions in biology is how a multi-cellular organism develops from a single-celled embryo. The discovery of the genes responsible for pattern formation has helped refine this question and has led to other questions, such as the role of various genetic and cell biological pathways in regulating the process of pattern formation and growth during organogenesis. The Drosophila eye model has been extensively used to study molecular genetic mechanisms involved in patterning and growth. Since the genetic machinery involved in the Drosophila eye is similar to humans, it has been used to model human diseases and homology to eyes in other taxa. This updated second edition covers current progress in the study of molecular genetic mechanisms of pattern formation, mutations in axial patterning, genetic regulation of growth, and more using the Drosophila eye as a model.

Download or read book Visual Ecology written by Thomas W. Cronin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-10 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive treatment of visual ecology Visual ecology is the study of how animals use visual systems to meet their ecological needs, how these systems have evolved, and how they are specialized for particular visual tasks. Visual Ecology provides the first up-to-date synthesis of the field to appear in more than three decades. Featuring some 225 illustrations, including more than 140 in color, spread throughout the text, this comprehensive and accessible book begins by discussing the basic properties of light and the optical environment. It then looks at how photoreceptors intercept light and convert it to usable biological signals, how the pigments and cells of vision vary among animals, and how the properties of these components affect a given receptor's sensitivity to light. The book goes on to examine how eyes and photoreceptors become specialized for an array of visual tasks, such as navigation, evading prey, mate choice, and communication. A timely and much-needed resource for students and researchers alike, Visual Ecology also includes a glossary and a wealth of examples drawn from the full diversity of visual systems. The most up-to-date overview of visual ecology available Features some 225 illustrations, including more than 140 in color, spread throughout the text Guides readers from the basic physics of light to the role of visual systems in animal behavior Includes a glossary and a wealth of real-world examples

Download or read book Health and Healing for African Americans written by Sheree Crute and published by . This book was released on 1998-12 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African-Americans are susceptible to certain medical conditions, and thus, have an average lifespan that is ten years shorter than Caucasians. Previously, these disorders, which include sickle-cell anemia, diabetes, and vitiligo, had been ignored by the medical community. Health & Healing for African-Americans is an encyclopedia of medical advice and treatment prescribed by 150 leading African-American physicians. It offers a clear description of each condition, followed by home remedies, medical treatments, and strategies that have a proven track record in managing and preventing these pressing health problems. With a foreword from former U.S. Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders, M.D., every page of this valuable tome begins with personal stories from people who have faced and overcome their health problems. With its hundreds of helpful health messages, Health & Healing for African-Americans is on the cutting edge of a revolution in disease prevention and self-care among African-Americans.

Download or read book Current Topics in Developmental Biology written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Topics in Developmental Biology provides a comprehensive survey of the major topics in the field of developmental biology. The volumes are valuable to researchers in animal and plant development, as well as to students and professionals who want an introduction to cellular and molecular mechanisms of development. The series has recently passed its 30-year mark, making it the longest-running forum for contemporary issues in developmental biology.* Includes over 25 color tables* Topics covered include stem cells, zygotes, hepatocyte cell cycle, and mammary gland functions in seals* Six chapters edited by the most authoritative figures in their fields of study

Download or read book Forgotten Ages The Complete Series written by Lindsay Buroker and published by Lindsay Buroker. This book was released on 2015-06-12 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The greatest military leader of his time. The most talented code breaker her people have. Sworn enemies. When deadly secrets from the ancient past are unearthed, secrets capable of fracturing the world and destroying all life on the planet, these two enemies will have to work together. They are humanity’s only hope. The Forgotten Ages series is recommended for fans of epic fantasy, action-adventure, mystery, and romance. This bundle includes: Encrypted (novel) Enigma (short story) Decrypted (novel) Bonus extras with the author

Download or read book The Complete Idiot s Guide to Photography Like a Pro written by Mike Stensvold and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2002 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this updated edition the focus is on expanded chapter coverage on the hottest trend in photography: digital cameras and electronic image editing. This book contains easy-to-follow instructions on how to choose and expertly use a point-and-shoot 35 mm and auto-focus SLR camera. Illustrations.

Download or read book Hot Hips and Fabulous Thighs written by Ellington Darden and published by Taylor Trade Publishing. This book was released on 1991-04-01 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guaranteed program for women focusing on their most troublesome areas: hips, thighs, and buttocks.

Download or read book African Philosophical Illuminations written by John Murungi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-21 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The illumination of African philosophy offered in this volume leads to the illumination of philosophy in general. Illuminating arises as an essential task of philosophy, whether African or not. What is illuminated is not already there, but is constituted at the moment of illumination. This book invites the reader to participate in the illuminating work of philosophy and necessarily, thereby, to contribute to his or her own self-constituting self-illumination. Although the focus is on African philosophy, the book also bridges the gap between African philosophy and other branches. Today more than ever, a bridging philosophy is called for, and this book helps to meet that need. This book poses philosophical questions such as who is an African and what Africa is, and seeks philosophical answers. In doing so, it contributes to the ongoing discourse on African philosophy. It addresses such issues as the African grounding of philosophy, the difference between African and Black philosophy, the African body, African art as expressed in and by Chiwara, the plight of African trees as the plight of Africans, and the symbolic meaning of Robben Island.

Download or read book Modularity in Development and Evolution written by Gerhard Schlosser and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2004-07 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modularity in Development and Evolution offers the first sustained exploration of modules from developmental and evolutionary perspectives. Contributors discuss what modularity is, how it can be identified and modeled, how it originated and evolved, and its biological significance. Covering modules at levels ranging from genes to colonies, the book focuses on their roles not just in structures but also in processes such as gene regulation. Among many exciting findings, the contributors demonstrate how modules can highlight key constraints on evolutionary processes. A timely synthesis of a crucial topic, Modularity in Development and Evolution shows the invaluable insights modules can give into both developmental complexities and their evolutionary origins.